practice questions
At breakfast
client is started on tolbutamide once daily. When would the nurse tell the client to take the medication?
"It is given to clients with hypercholesterolemia."
A registered nurse (RN) is orienting a new RN on the use of atorvastatin. Which statement by the new RN indicates that the teaching has been effective?
Withhold the digoxin, and assess for signs of decreased cardiac output and digoxin toxicity
A 56-year-old adult client with heart failure is receiving digoxin. The nurse is auscultating the apical heart rate before giving digoxin and notes that the heart rate is 48 beats/minute. Which action would the nurse take?
Hypotension
A client admitted to the hospital is taking atenolol. The nurse monitors the client for which sign or symptom of an adverse effect of the medication?
Subcutaneous
A client has a prescription to receive enoxaparin. The nurse would plan to administer this medication by which route?
Decrease in blood pressure from 142/94 mm Hg to 128/82 mm Hg
A client who has begun taking betaxolol demonstrates an effective response to the medication
"It prevents me from 'peeing' so much."
A client with diabetes insipidus asks the nurse about the purpose of a new medication, vasopressin. The nurse provides teaching about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates successful teaching?
Narrow-angle glaucoma
A client with gastrointestinal hypermotility has a prescription to receive atropine sulfate. The nurse would withhold the medication and question the prescription if the client has a history of which disease process?
To inhibit platelet aggregation
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), or aspirin, has been prescribed for a client with angina, and the client asks the nurse how the medication will help. The nurse responds that this medication has been prescribed for which purpose?
The child will have 5 nights in sequence without enuresis.
An 8-year-old child is being treated with desmopressin. Understanding the purpose of this medication, the nurse would set which goal for this child?
Elevated liver function tests
Gemfibrozil is prescribed for a client. Which laboratory finding would alert the nurse to the need to withhold the medication and contact the primary health care provider?
Dry powder inhalers pose no environmental risks. Dry powder inhalers deliver more medication to the lungs. Dry powder inhalers require less hand-to-lung coordination.
The client questions the nurse as to why the primary health care provider switched the usual prescription from a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to a dry powder inhaler (DPI). The nurse would respond correctly by providing which facts? Select all that apply.
Instruct the client to return to the clinic for monitoring of blood glucose levels.
The clinic nurse develops a plan of care for a client with emphysema who will be started on long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which specific instruction would the nurse include in the plan of care?
"If I miss a dose, I would just take two the next day."
The home care nurse has given instructions to a client who is beginning therapy with digoxin for atrial fibrillation. The nurse determines a need for further teaching if the client makes which statement?
"A syringe that has a small 5/8 in (1.5 cm) needle is used to administer the injection."
The home care nurse instructs a client on how to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates an understanding of how to administer this medication?
Coronary artery disease
Vasopressin is prescribed for a client with diabetes insipidus. The nurse would be particularly cautious in monitoring a client receiving this medication if the client has which preexisting condition?
Liver function tests
Zafirlukast is prescribed for a client with bronchial asthma. Which laboratory test does the nurse expect to be prescribed before the administration of this medication?
Hypokalemia
A client who is taking chlorothiazide comes to the clinic for periodic evaluation. In monitoring the client's laboratory test results for medication side effects, what is the clinic nurse most likely to note if a side or adverse effect is present? as indicated by which nursing assessment finding?
"The urine normally changes to orange."
A primary health care provider (PHCP) prescribes warfarin sodium for a client. The home care nurse visits the client at home and teaches the client about the medication and its administration. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Withhold the medication and call the PHCP if the pulse is slower than 60 beats/min
A primary health care provider (PHCP) writes a prescription for digoxin, 0.25 mg daily. The nurse teaches the client about the medication and tells the client that it is most important to be sure to implement which measure?
"Administer the medication within 4 to 6 hours after onset of chest pain."
A client is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). The primary health care provider (PHCP) prescribes the administration of alteplase. The registered nurse (RN) preceptor is orienting a new RN in the use of this medication. Which statement by the new RN indicates that teaching has been effective?
"You have concerns about whether this treatment is the best option."
A client is admitted to the hospital emergency department with an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. The nurse discusses thrombolytic therapy with the client and spouse. The spouse is concerned about the dangers of this treatment. Which statement by the nurse is appropriate?
Dissolve any clots in the coronary arteries.
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). The client is started on alteplase therapy. The nurse determines that teaching has been effective when the client's significant other states that the purpose of the medication is to perform which action?
"If I notice blood-tinged urine, I will call my doctor."
A client is being discharged on warfarin sodium, and the nurse provides instructions to the client regarding the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates to the nurse that the client understands the teaching provided?
Reduces the risk of deep vein thrombosis
A client is being discharged to home with enoxaparin for short-term therapy. What would the nurse explain to the family about the medication action?
Epigastric pain
A client who has been chronically taking acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) for arthritis has been given a prescription for misoprostol. The nurse determines that the new medication is effective if the client states relief from which problem?
4 hours after discontinuing the IV form
A client who has been receiving theophylline by the intravenous (IV) route has the medication prescription changed to an immediate-release oral form of the medication. After discontinuing the IV medication, when would the nurse schedule the first dose of the oral medication?
Sodium thiosulfate
A client who has been taking iodine solution is admitted to the emergency department, and an iodine overdose is suspected. Gastric lavage is initiated to remove the iodine from the stomach. In addition to treatment with gastric lavage, the nurse anticipates that which medication will be administered?
Call the primary health care provider (PHCP).
A client who is scheduled to have warfarin sodium therapy has a prothrombin time (PT) of 28 seconds (28 seconds). What is the most appropriate nursing intervention at this time?
Take the tablet with a full glass of water.
A client has a prescription to take guaifenesin. The nurse determines that the client understands the proper administration of this medication if the client states they will perform which action?
Calming the client's persistent cough
A client has been given a prescription for benzonatate. Which observation would the nurse look for to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication?
Impotence
A client has been prescribed pindolol for hypertension. The nurse provides anticipatory guidance, knowing that which common side effect of this medication may decrease client compliance?
Wear dark clothing to avoid staining.
A client has begun a course of therapy with rifampin. The home care nurse instructs the client on which measure due to an anticipated side effect?
Coffee, cola, and chocolate
A client has begun therapy with theophylline. The nurse would teach the client to limit the intake of which items while taking this medication?
Coffee
A client has begun to use a methylxanthine bronchodilator. What beverage would the nurse plan to teach the client to avoid while taking this medication?
An expected medication side effect
A client in the hospital emergency department who received nitroglycerin for chest pain has obtained relief but now complains of a headache. The nurse would interpret that this client is most likely experiencing which condition?
Tomato juice
A client is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia, and ferrous sulfate is prescribed. The nurse would tell the client that it would be best to take the medication with which food?
Dilute the iron in juice, drink it through a straw, and rinse the mouth afterward.
A client is prescribed a liquid iron preparation that has the potential to stain the teeth. The nurse would instruct the client to take which action to prevent staining of the teeth?
Ecchymosis
A client is receiving heparin sodium by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion. The nurse would notify the primary health care provider if ongoing nursing assessment reveals which finding?
Occult blood test strips
A client is scheduled to have alteplase. Which item would the nurse obtain to monitor side/adverse effects of the medication therapy?
Avoid aspirating prior to injecting the medication.
A client is scheduled to have heparin sodium 5000 units subcutaneously. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
Review the results of the complete blood cell (CBC) count.
A client is scheduled to take ticlopidine. The nurse plans to take which action before implementing this medication therapy?
Acetylsalicylic acid
A client is taking ticlopidine hydrochloride. The nurse would tell the client to avoid which substance while taking this medication?
Dry mouth
A client receives a dose of scopolamine. The nurse determines that which sign or symptom later displayed by the client is a result of medication side and adverse effects?
Drink increased amounts of fluids every day.
A client taking albuterol by inhalation cannot cough up secretions. What would the nurse suggest that the client do to assist in expectoration of secretions?
"The medication works locally and decreases inflammation."
A client who experiences allergic rhinitis asks the nurse about a nasal corticosteroid. How would the nurse reply?
Decongestants
A client who has a cold is seen in the emergency department with an inability to void. Because the client has a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia, the nurse determines that the client would be questioned about the use of which medication?
Chest pain
A client with a history of coronary artery disease has developed diabetes insipidus as a result of cranial surgery. The client's medication therapy will include vasopressin. The nurse monitors this client most carefully for which sign or symptom that indicates a side or adverse effect of this medication?
"I will take the daily dose at bedtime."
A client with a prescription to take theophylline daily has been given medication instructions by the nurse. What statement by the client indicates the need for further education regarding the prescription?
Aminocaproic acid
A client with a subarachnoid hemorrhage needs to have surgery delayed until a stable clinical condition is achieved. The nurse prepares to administer which medication as prescribed to prevent clot breakdown and dissolution?
Methyldopa
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is receiving an antihypertensive medication is experiencing frequent hypotensive episodes. The nurse reviews the client's medication record, knowing that which medication would have the greatest tendency to cause hypotension?
An increase in serum hematocrit
A client with chronic kidney disease has been receiving epoetin alfa for the past 2 months. What would the nurse determine is an indicator that this therapy has been effective?
Constipation
A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving ferrous sulfate. The nurse instructs the client that which finding is a common side/adverse effect associated with this medication?
Paradoxical bronchospasm, which must be reported to the primary health care provider (PHCP)
A home care nurse has observed a client self-administer a dose of an adrenergic bronchodilator via metered-dose inhaler. Within a short time, the client begins to wheeze loudly. The nurse understands that this is the result of which occurrence?
Bleeding gums or bruising
A home care nurse is visiting a client who was discharged to home with a prescription for continued administration of enoxaparin subcutaneously. What is the nurse's priority assessment for this client?
"I'll take the medicine with meals."
A neurologist prescribed ticlopidine to the client with thrombotic stroke. The nurse provides instructions to the client and spouse regarding the medication. Which statement made by the client indicates that education was effective?
Decreased dosage of tolbutamide
A sulfonamide is prescribed for a client with a urinary tract infection. The client has diabetes mellitus and is receiving tolbutamide. Because the client will be taking these two medications, which prescription would the nurse anticipate for this client?
Thrombolytics act to dissolve thrombi that have already formed.
A thrombolytic is administered in the hospital emergency department to a client who has had a myocardial infarction. The client's spouse asks the nurse about the purpose of the medication. The nurse bases the response on which fact regarding this medication?
Decreased libido
Atenolol has been prescribed for a client with hypertension, and the client asks the nurse about the side effects of the medication. What would the nurse tell the client is an occasional side effect of this medication?
Slows the heart rate
Atenolol has been prescribed for a client, and the client asks the nurse about the action of the medication. How would the nurse respond regarding the action of this medication?
"If I feel that my heart rate is too low, I need to stop the medication."
Atenolol has been prescribed for a client, and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Protamine sulfate
Enoxaparin sodium is prescribed for a client after hip replacement surgery. Which medication would the nurse anticipate to administer in the event of enoxaparin sodium overdose?
Refrigerate the medication until used.
Epoetin alfa by the subcutaneous route is prescribed for a client. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
Cirrhosis of the liver
Fenofibrate is prescribed for a client with hyperlipidemia. The nurse reviews the client's medical history for the presence of what condition that contraindicates the use of this medication?
"I need to drink at least 4 quarts (4 liters) of water daily."
The clinic nurse is providing instructions to a client with hypertension who will be taking captopril. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
"I feel stronger and have a much better appetite."
The home care nurse is making a monthly visit to a client with a diagnosis of pernicious anemia who has been receiving a monthly injection of cyanocobalamin. Before administering the injection, the nurse evaluates the effects of the medication and determines that a therapeutic effect is occurring if the client makes which statement?
300 to 325 mg daily
The home care nurse visits a client with a diagnosis of unstable angina. The client is taking acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) on a daily basis to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Which medication dose would the nurse expect the client to be taking?
Use a Z-track method. Aspirate for blood after the needle is inserted. Use an air lock when drawing up the medication. Change the needle after drawing up the dose and before injection.
The nurse has a prescription to administer a dose of iron by the intramuscular route to the client with anemia. What are the most appropriate nursing actions? Select all that apply.
To dissolve clots
The nurse has completed client teaching on the use of thrombolytic medications in acute ischemic stroke. The nurse determines that the educational session was effective if the client states that thrombolytics are used for what purpose?
Lung sounds and presence of dyspnea
The nurse is preparing to administer albuterol to a client. Which parameters would the nurse assess before and during therapy?
"This will help prevent clot formation in your heart as a result of your heart's rhythm."
The nurse has given the client with atrial fibrillation instructions to take 1 aspirin daily. The client says to the nurse, "Why do I need to take this? I don't get any pain with my heart rhythm. "Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
"I have to receive this medication subcutaneously."
The nurse has provided instruction to a client with chronic kidney disease who has a prescription for epoetin alfa. Which statement by the client indicates that teaching was effective?
Platelet count of 98,000 mm3 (98 × 109/L)
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin sodium intravenously as a continuous infusion. Which laboratory finding requires immediate nursing intervention?
Deferoxamine
The nurse is caring for a client who was just admitted to the hospital for the treatment of iron overload. The nurse anticipates that the primary health care provider will prescribe which medication to treat the iron overload?
5 mg/mL (20 mcmol/L)
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is receiving theophylline. The nurse monitors the serum theophylline level and concludes that the medication dosage may need to be increased if which value is noted?
After 2 weeks of therapy
The nurse is evaluating the results of laboratory studies for a client receiving epoetin alfa. When would the nurse expect to note a therapeutic effect of this medication?
Hypertension
The nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving epoetin alfa for adverse effects of the medication. Which finding indicates a side/adverse effect?
3.0
The nurse is monitoring the laboratory test results for a client who is taking warfarin sodium after mechanical heart valve replacement. The nurse would expect the international normalized ratio (INR) for this client to be at what value in order to be therapeutic?
Pinch the IV tubing above the injection port, and inject slowly over 1 to 2 minutes.
The nurse is planning to administer furosemide 40 mg by intravenous push (IVP) through an existing intravenous (IV) line. To deliver this medication safely, the nurse would perform which action?
"Would you like for me to check into some other options for you?"
The nurse is providing dietary instructions to the client with anemia. The client tells the nurse that the iron pills are very expensive and that it will be difficult to pay for the pills and buy the proper food. What is the most appropriate nursing response?
"You need to check with your doctor about what can be taken for headaches."
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client taking warfarin sodium. Which statement, based on primary health care provider (PHCP) permission, is appropriate to include in client teaching for this medication?
"I need to use a medicine dropper and place the iron near the back of the throat."
The nurse is providing instructions to the parent of a child with iron-deficiency anemia about the administration of a liquid oral iron supplement. Which statement, if made by the parent, indicates an understanding of the administration of this medication?
2.3
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who arrives at the health care clinic for follow-up assessment after being diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. The international normalized ratio (INR) is analyzed because the client has been taking warfarin sodium since discharge from the hospital. The nurse determines that the INR range is at an appropriate level if what value is noted on the laboratory report?
Neutropenia
The nurse is reviewing the primary health care provider's (PHCP's) prescriptions for a client recently admitted to the hospital and notes that the PHCP has prescribed ticlopidine therapy. Which finding on the client's record would indicate a need to contact the PHCP before initiating the medication prescription?
"Food will affect the medication, so I need to take the medication on an empty stomach."
The nurse provides instructions to a client who has a prescription for ticlopidine. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Muscle pain
The nurse would educate the client receiving pravastatin to immediately report which finding?
Tachycardia
The nurse would monitor the client receiving the first dose of albuterol for which side or adverse effect of this medication?
"I will take the medication when I first notice I am having trouble breathing."
Which statement made by a client taking montelukast indicates the need for further teaching?
Protamine sulfate
Intravenous heparin therapy is prescribed for a client. While implementing this prescription, the nurse ensures that which medication is available on the nursing unit?
Wear a MedicAlert bracelet.
The nurse is providing instructions to a client with chronic atrial fibrillation who is being started on quinidine sulfate. The nurse would plan to provide which instruction to the client?
Constipation
A client taking verapamil has been given information about side effects of this medication. The nurse determines that the client understands the information if the client states to watch for which most common side effect of this medication?
Assist the client to shave using an electric razor.
A client who had surgery 3 days earlier is receiving heparin sulfate by subcutaneous injection every 12 hours. In planning for the client's morning care, the priority nursing intervention is which action?
"The medication may need to be changed."
A client taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to treat hypertension calls the clinic nurse and reports a dry, nonproductive cough that is very bothersome. The nurse would respond by making which statement?
Avoid taking acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).
A client in the postpartum care unit who is recovering from disseminated intravascular coagulopathy is to be discharged on low dosages of an anticoagulant medication. In developing home care instructions for this client, the nurse would include which priority safety instruction regarding this medication?
Presence of bowel sounds
A client is admitted to a hospital with acute myocardial infarction and is started on tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) by infusion. Which parameter would the nurse determine requires the least frequent assessment to detect complications of therapy with tPA?
It prevents an influx of calcium ions in the smooth muscle."
A client is being treated for moderate hypertension and has been taking diltiazem for several months. The client schedules an appointment with the primary health care provider because of episodes of chest pain, and Prinzmetal's angina is diagnosed. The client asks the nurse which therapeutic effects the medication will provide, and the nurse provides education. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching has been effective?
Swelling of the tongue
A client is on enalapril for the treatment of hypertension. The nurse teaches the client to seek emergent care if which is experienced?
Ibuprofen IB taken 30 minutes before the nicotinic acid would decrease the flushing."
A client is prescribed nicotinic acid for the treatment of coronary artery disease and hyperlipidemia, and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Blood pressure
A client is scheduled for a dose of ramipril. The nurse would check which measurement before administering the medication?
Photophobia
A client is seen in the clinic complaining of anorexia and nausea. The primary health care provider (PHCP) suspects that the client may be experiencing digoxin toxicity. While waiting for test results to become available, the nurse would assess the client for which sign or symptom that would support a diagnosis of digoxin toxicity?
"It increases water reabsorption."
A client is seen in the clinic for complaints of thirst, frequent urination, and headaches. After diagnostic studies, diabetes insipidus is diagnosed. Desmopressin is prescribed. The client asks why this medication was prescribed. Which is a correct statement by the nurse?
Decreased blood glucose
A client is started on tolbutamide once daily. The nurse would instruct the client to monitor for which intended effect of this medication?
"I need to stop the medication immediately if diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting occurs."
A client is to be discharged from the hospital on quinidine gluconate to control ventricular ectopy. The nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
"Research shows that it is best for clients to administer this medication at home rather than stay in the hospital."
A client receives education regarding self-administration of enoxaparin on discharge to home. The client complains, "I feel as if the primary health care provider is discharging me too soon if I still have to take injections at home." Which response would the nurse make?
"What are your concerns about taking this medication at home?"
A client scheduled to take a subcutaneous anticoagulant at home says to the nurse, "I'm not sure I will be able to take this medication at home." Which statement by the nurse is appropriate?
Photosensitivity
A client seen in the health care clinic for follow-up care is taking atorvastatin. The nurse would assess the client for which adverse effect of the medication?
Collaborate with the PHCP to obtain a prescription to increase the heparin infusion and administer the warfarin sodium as prescribed.
A client with a clot in the right atrium is receiving a heparin sodium infusion at 1000 units/hour and warfarin sodium 7.5 mg at 5:00 p.m. daily. The morning laboratory results are as follows: activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), 32 seconds; international normalized ratio (INR), 1.3. The nurse would take which action based on the client's laboratory results?
2.2 ng/mL
A client with a history of heart failure who is receiving digoxin daily has a serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L (3 mmol/L) and is complaining of anorexia. The primary health care provider orders a serum digoxin level to be done. The nurse checks the results and would expect to note which level that is outside the therapeutic range?
"I need to apply the patch in the morning and leave it in place for 12 to 14 hours as directed."
A client with angina pectoris has been given a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patches. The client indicates an understanding of how to use this medication administration system by making which statement?
Activated partial thromboplastin time of 60 seconds
A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving a continuous heparin infusion at 1000 units/hour. The nurse determines that the client is receiving the therapeutic effect based on which results?
Night cough and dyspnea
A client with cardiac disease has begun taking propranolol, and the nurse provides information to the client about the medication. The nurse would tell the client to contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) if which symptoms develop?
"I will stop taking the prescribed anticoagulant after starting this new medication."
A client with chronic atrial fibrillation is being started on quinidine sulfate as maintenance therapy for dysrhythmia suppression, and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
1 hour before meals
A client with hypertension has a new prescription for a medication called moexipril. The nurse plans to provide written directions that tell the client to take the medication at which time?
"You are concerned your loved one receives the best care."
A client with nausea and bradycardia is admitted to a medical unit. The family hands the nurse a small white envelope labeled "heart pill." The envelope is sent to the pharmacy, and it is found to be digoxin. A family member states, "That doctor doesn't know how to take care of my family." Which statement would convey a therapeutic response by the nurse?
Administer another nitroglycerin tablet.
A hospitalized client with a history of angina pectoris complains of substernal chest pain. The nurse checks the client's blood pressure and administers nitroglycerin, gr 1/4 sublingually. Five minutes later, the client is still experiencing chest pain. If the blood pressure remains stable, the nurse would take which action next?
Broccoli
A man has developed atrial fibrillation and has been placed on warfarin. The nurse is doing discharge dietary teaching with the client and determines that the client needs additional education if he states that he would choose which food while taking this medication?
Complete atrioventricular (AV) block
A primary health care provider (PHCP) prescribes quinidine gluconate for a client. The nurse decides to withhold the medication and contact the PHCP if which assessment finding is documented in the client's medical record?
Apical heart rate
Atenolol has been prescribed for a hospitalized client. The nurse would check which item before administering this medication?
Check the client's blood pressure.
Atenolol hydrochloride is prescribed for a hospitalized client. The nurse would perform which action as a priority before administering this medication?
"It decreases low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)."
Atorvastatin has been prescribed for a client, and the client asks the nurse about the action of the medication. How would the nurse respond?
Headache
Atorvastatin has been prescribed for a client, and the client asks the nurse about the side and adverse effects of the medication. What would the nurse tell the client is a frequent side effect of this medication?
"I won't need to adhere to a low-fat diet as long as I take this medication faithfully."
Atorvastatin has been prescribed for a client, and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Liver function studies
Atorvastatin has been prescribed for a client. The nurse tells the client that which blood test will be done periodically while the client is taking this medication?
"If I take this medicine with my warfarin, it will protect my artificial heart valve."
Daily administration of dipyridamole has been prescribed for the client, and the nurse teaches the client about the medication. Which client statement indicates an understanding of the instructions?
A decreased dosage of warfarin sodium
Levothyroxine is prescribed for a client diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Upon review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the client is taking warfarin. Which modification to the plan of care would the nurse review with the client's primary health care provider?
Rise slowly from a reclining to a sitting position.
Lisinopril has been prescribed for a client with hypertension. What would the nurse instruct the client about this medication?
Obtain an intravenous (IV) infusion pump Monitor urine output during administration. Monitor the IV site for signs of infiltration or phlebitis Ensure that the medication is diluted in the appropriate volume of fluid. Ensure that the bag is labeled so that it reads the volume of potassium in the solution.
Potassium chloride intravenously is prescribed for a client with hypokalemia. Which actions would the nurse take to plan for preparation and administration of the potassium? Select all that apply.
Noninvasive blood pressure cuff
The nurse has been given a medication prescription to administer intravenous (IV) hydralazine. The nurse obtains which priority piece of equipment needed for use during administration of this medication?
"I can use salt substitutes freely and eat foods high in potassium."
The nurse has completed giving medication instructions to a client receiving benazepril. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that the client needs further instruction?
Administer the prescribed analgesic
The nurse has completed medication administration that included a nitroglycerin. Within minutes, the client is complaining of a headache. Which is the priority nursing action at this time?
Liver function studies
The nurse has conducted medication instructions with a client receiving lovastatin. Which periodic blood study will be necessary and included in the client's instructions?
"I need to discard unused tablets 6 months after the bottle is opened."
The nurse has given a client information about the use of nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. The client has a prescription for PRN (as needed) use if chest pain occurs. Which client statement indicates an understanding of this medication?
Blood pressure
The nurse has given a client the prescribed dose of intravenous hydralazine. The nurse evaluates the effectiveness of the medication by monitoring which client parameter?
"I need to notify the primary health care provider if fatigue occurs."
The nurse has provided instructions to a client receiving enalapril maleate for hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?
"I need to increase my fluid intake."
The nurse has provided medication instructions to a client with an iron deficiency anemia who will be taking iron supplements. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of this medication?
Blood pressure cuff
The nurse is administering a dose of clonidine to a client. The nurse would ensure that which item is in place before administering the medication?
Hyperkalemia
The nurse is administering a dose of triamterene to a client with heart failure. What is the most significant adverse effect of this medication for which the client would be monitored?
Use open-ended questions. Respond to clients with comments that invite an open-minded discussion. Document the use of any herbal product(s) or dietary supplements in the client record. Create an accepting and nonjudgmental attitude when assessing the use of or interest in herbal products or dietary supplements.
The nurse is admitting a client and knows that clients typically share information about herbal supplements or therapies only if they are specifically asked. What are some additional things the nurse needs to do when dealing with this topic with clients? Select all that apply.
Peripheral vasoconstriction
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving dopamine. Which potential problem is a priority concern for this client?
Phytonadione (vitamin K)
The nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin. The nurse notes the presence of gross hematuria and large areas of bruising on the client's body. The nurse notifies the primary health care provider (PHCP) and ensures that which prescribed medication is available?
Obtain an infusion pump and prepare to administer 150 mg over 10 minutes followed by a maintenance dose.
The nurse is caring for a client who suddenly starts to complain of palpitations, restlessness, and anxiety. The nurse would perform which actions in anticipation of appropriate medication therapy with amiodarone?
nephron
The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who was prescribed furosemide. The nurse would monitor the client for damage of which kidney structure?
Auscultate bowel sounds.
The nurse is caring for a client with hyperlipidemia who is taking cholestyramine. Which nursing assessment is most significant for this client relative to the medication therapy?
The development of audible expiratory wheezes
The nurse is monitoring a client who is taking propranolol. Which assessment finding indicates a potential adverse complication associated with this medication?
Diarrhea Blurred vision Nausea and vomiting
The nurse is monitoring for adverse effects in a client who is taking digoxin. Which findings are characteristic of digoxin toxicity? Select all that apply.
Palpitations
The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a diagnosis of chronic angina pectoris. The client is receiving sotalol orally daily. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing a side or adverse effect related to the medication?
"I am taking this medication for hypertension."
The nurse is providing education to a client who is being started on atenolol. Which statement by the client indicates that teaching has been effective?
A potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L (5.8 mmol/L)
The nurse is reviewing the assessment findings for a client who has been taking spironolactone for treatment of hypertension. Which, if noted in the client's record, would indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse effect related to the medication?
Hypertension
The nurse is reviewing the record of a client who arrives at the health care clinic. The nurse notes that irbesartan has been prescribed for the client. The nurse would suspect that the client has which condition?
The medication works by inhibiting calcium movement across cell membranes of cardiac and smooth muscle.
The nurse is reviewing the use of diltiazem for clients with Prinzmetal's variant angina. The nurse would provide information based on which action of the medication?
An expected although bothersome side effect of therapy
The nurse notes a persistent dry cough in an adult client being seen in the ambulatory clinic. When questioned, the client states that the cough began approximately 2 months ago. On further assessment, the nurse learns that the client began taking quinapril shortly before the time that the cough began. How would the nurse interpret the development of the cough?
Calcium channel blocker that will decrease spasm in cerebral blood vessels
The nurse prepares to teach a client with subarachnoid hemorrhage about the effects of nimodipine. The nurse plans to explain which information about the type and action of this medication?
The medication acts on the loop of Henle in the nephron.
The nurse provides instructions to a client with hypertension about newly prescribed furosemide. Which information would the nurse use to provide instructions in this teaching session?
"I need to decrease my oral fluids when I start this medication." "I need to report headache and drowsiness to my primary health care provider since these symptoms could be related to my desmopressin."
The nurse teaches the client, who is newly diagnosed with diabetes insipidus, about the prescribed intranasal desmopressin. Which statements by the client indicate understanding? Select all that apply.
Apical heart rate is 48 beats/min.
The primary health care provider (PHCP) writes a prescription for atenolol for a client who was admitted to the hospital. The nurse contacts the PHCP to verify the prescription if which finding is noted in the assessment data?
Carcinoid of the liver
The primary health care provider (PHCP) writes a prescription for atorvastatin for a client who was admitted to the hospital. The nurse contacts the PHCP to verify the prescription if which finding is noted in the assessment data?
Hypertension
The primary health care provider (PHCP) writes a prescription for lisinopril for a hospitalized client with hypertension. The nurse caring for the client determines that the medication has been prescribed to treat which disorder?
Constipation
The primary health care provider has prescribed clonidine for a client with hypertension. The nurse would inform the client that which is a side effect of this medication?
