Practice Test #2

A/An _____ may occur in a localized weak spot in the wall of an artery resulting in a balloon-like enlargement. Rupture of this deformity may be fatal due to rapid blood loss.

Aneurysm

The loss or absence of mobility in a joint due to disease or injury is termed ___. The surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity is termed ___.

Ankylosis, osteoclasis

Which type of arrhythmia occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the myocardium?

Atrial fibrillation

Alendronate and ibandronate are drugs classified as ______ because they decrease the release of an enzyme that causes bone cell breakdown.

Bone resorption inhibitors

_________ medications/agents cause the heart and blood vessels to relax by decreasing the movement of calcium into the cells of these structures. These medications are used to treat hypertension and relieve/control angina.

Calcium channel blocker

Which is the noninvasive process of recording the electrical activity of the myocardium and abbreviated as ___?

Electrocardiography; EKG

A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus is called a _____.

Heel spur

An incomplete paralysis affecting one side of the body is termed ____.

Hemiparesis

Match the muscle disorder with the definition.

Hypotonia: diminished tone of voluntary muscles. Myoclonus: sudden involuntary jerking of a muscle or muscle group. Bradykinesia: extreme slowness in movement. Dyskinesia: distortion or impairment of voluntary muscles. Cramp: painful localized muscle spasm Spasm: sudden, involuntary contraction of one of more muscles.

An ____ is the abbreviation for a double-action pacemaker that regulates the heartbeat and acts as an automatic defibrillator.

ICD

Which is an autoimmune disorder that affects children aged 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth and fatigue?

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

A malignancy in which there is a progressive increase in the number of abnormal white blood cells found in hemopoietic tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood is termed _____.

Leukemia

The five bones in the feet to which the toes are attached are termed _____; while the five bones that form the palms of the hands are termed ________.

Metatarsals; metacarpals

__________ is the jerking of limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep.

Nocturnal myoclonus

Degenerative joint disease characterized by the wearing away of the articular cartilage within the joints is termed ____ , or wear-and-tear arthritis. The surgical repair of a knee that is damaged in this fashion is termed (select one of two choices for term and abbreviation) ____ ; which has come to mean the surgical placement of the entire knee joint with an artificial knee. The abbreviation for this term is _____. .

Osteoathritis, total knee replacement, TKR

Which condition is also known as adult rickets?

Osteomalacia

Which is the spinal defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord and may be due to a lack of folic acid?

Spina Bifida

Match each statement with the correct item below.

Spiral: a fracture in which the bone is twisted apart. Transverse: a fracture that is straight across the bone. Oblique: a fracture that is at an angle across the bone. Stress: a small, crack-like fracture that occurs after chronic, excessive impact. Compression: a fracture that occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself

Which term is the surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon?

Tenorrhaphy

_______ is a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood and is sometimes associated with abnormal bleeding.

Thrombocytopenia

_______ is a general term meaning an abnormal condition in which a blood clot is attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein.

Thrombosis

______, abbreviated as ___, is an idiopathic disorder that is characterized by debilitating and profound fatigue not improved by bedrest and lasting more than 2 months.

chronic fatigue syndrome; CFS

The concern for someone who is bedridden or has remained seated too long (e.g., airplane passenger) is the development of a ___________, abbreviated as ___. The danger is that the clot in the vessel will break loose and travel to a lung where it may be fatal. This condition is a pulmonary _______.

deep vein thrombosis; DVT; embolism

_______ medications stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water and is used to treat acute ________.

diuretic; congestive heart failure

An inflammation of the plantar fascia causing foot or heel pain when walking or running is termed plantar ______. What type of word part is -itis? What type of word part is the primary meaning of the term?

fasciitis; suffix; word root