PRAXIS MULTIPLE SUBJECTS

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. A student wants to use primary sources to learn about the American Revolutionary War. Which of the following sources could the student use? a. a series of letters written by George Washington during the war b. the book 1776, written by famous historian David McCullough c. a Revolutionary War reenactment organization d. a college-level history textbook about the American Revolutionary War.

. In genetics, what kind of diagram indicates all the possible genotypes in the F2 generation of a Mendelian cross? a. Punnett square b. flow chart c. periodic table d. test square

. In what way did the Great Irish Famine most greatly affect the population of American cities during the mid-nineteenth century? a. Large numbers of Irish citizens immigrated to large U.S. cities. b. American populations dipped as a result of the hunger caused by the famine. c. The hunger created by the famine caused many Irish workers to be too weak to perform manual labor in America. d. American states sent billions of dollars in aid to Ireland, weakening the economy

. Producers, consumers, and decomposers each play a pivotal role in the forest community. Which of the following represents a decomposer? a. shelf fungus b. pine tree c. grizzly bear d. wood log

. Read the following: What are you able to build with your blocks? Castles and palaces, temples and docks. Rain may keep raining, and other go roam, But I can be happy and building at home. Source: Robert Louis Stevenson, "Block City" Reading poetry to young children helps provide a strong language base. This first stanza illustrates the use of a. rhythm and rhyme. b. rhyme and repetition. c. repetition and alliteration. d. rhythm and alliteration.

. Several children are participating in a go-cart race. The racers line up at point A in the following diagram and continue toward point D, the finish line in the race At which point in the race will a go-cart racer have the greatest amount of potential energy? a. point A b. point B c. point C d. point D

. Text-to-self connections are especially powerful for improving a student's comprehension of a text because they a. require students to apply the information in the book to their own personal experiences in their lives. b. require students to process all the major events and characters of a text that they have read. c. force students to make their own personal predictions about what they think will happen next in a story. d. force students to make comparisons from a text to previous texts that they have read.

. The primary function of the ribosome in an animal cell is to a. create protein from amino acids. b. convert the energy from food into cellular energy. c. protect the cell from potentially dangerous substances. d. carry waste material out of the cell.

. The suppression of the Whiskey Rebellion in western Pennsylvania led to a. the first successful exercise of federal authority. b. the overthrow of Washington's Continental Army. c. the immediate repeal of the whiskey tax. d. an increase in the national debt.

. Which of the following is NOT a reason why pigs spend much of their time wallowing in mud? a. Pigs use the mud to attract a potential mate during mating season. b. Pigs lack sweat glands and need the mud to regulate their body temperature. c. The mud protects their skin from getting burned by the sun. d. The mud acts as a natural barrier from insect bites.

. Which of the following is the most advanced developmental stage of writing development? a. conventional b. transitional c. derivational d. phonetic

1 In 1911, Roald Amundsen became the first 2 person to reach the South Pole. However, the 3 exploration of Antarctica was not yet complete. 4 Sir Ernest Shackleton left England in 1914 with 5 the goal of being the first to cross the entire 6 Antarctic continent by land. During the 7 Antarctic summer of 1914-1915, however, 8 Shackleton's ship Endurance was slowly 9 enveloped by increasingly dense pack ice, like a 10 fog closing in on a city. By April 1915, the ship 11 was completely trapped by the ice. As the cold 12 winter months hardened the ice, the pressure 13 on the ship became tremendous. Crunch! 14 The frozen ice squeezed the ship's hull. The hull 15 cracked, and water spilled in to the ship. In 16 October 1915, the crew abandoned the ship and 17 set out to camp on the ice. What followed over 18 the next year was one of the greatest stories of 19 survival and endurance in history Which of the following resources would be most valuable in obtaining a primary account of the event in the story? a. letters and journals from Shackleton's crew b. newspaper accounts of the expedition from the 1910s c. a biography of Sir Ernest Shackleton d. an atlas showing the geographic details of Australia

104. Which is an accurate conclusion to make about the four Galilean moons of Jupiter? a. The closer the moon is to Jupiter, the shorter its orbital period. b. The farther the moon is from Jupiter, the greater its diameter. c. The larger Galilean moons were discovered first. d. The smaller the moon's diameter, the farther the moon is from Jupiter.

6. Which of the following is a possible solution for s in the following inequality? 3s + 6 < 12 a. -3 b. 2 c. 6 d. 20

A cab driver earns a fare by charging his customers a flat rate of $1.50 plus $0.40 for every one-fifth of a mile driven. Which equation could be used to represent the cab driver's fare based on the distance driven in miles where m is the number of miles driven and f is the total fare? a. f = 1.50 + (5m × 0.40) b. f = 1.50 + (0.40 × 1/5m) c. f = 0.40 + (5m × 1.50) d. f = 1/5m(1.50 + 0.40)

A developing speller begins to use letters to match sounds. She spells the word doorway as DARTY and the word mother as MARR. In which developmental stage of spelling is the student? a. invented spelling b. scribble c. random letter d. transitional

A geographic area off the coast of Cape Cod, MA, was chosen to be the location for a renewable energy development because of the area's a. high-speed and frequent winds. b. enormous supply of natural gas. c. near-constant exposure to the sun. d. massive tidal swings.

A person becomes a justice of the United States Supreme Court by a. being nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. b. being elected by a majority of congressional vote. c. being elected by the popular vote of the court's constituents. d. being appointed by the Senate Judiciary Committee

A person with a mass of 100 kg on Earth travels to the moon. Which is a true statement? a. The person will have the same mass on the moon. b. The person will have a greater weight on the moon. c. The person will have the same weight on the moon. d. The person will have a smaller mass on the moon

A running record of student's reading will do all the following EXCEPT a. ensure that the student has comprehended the meaning of a text. b. reveal the types of reading errors made by a student. c. indicate whether a text is at the right level for a student. d. provide an accuracy rate for a student's reading abilities.

A solar eclipse occurs when the moon blocks our view of the sun. Select the diagram that best represents the position of the sun, Earth, and the moon during a solar eclipse (not drawn to scale), as well as the correct orbits. a. b. c. d.

A student uses the following topographical map to research an area of interest. What do the curved lines on the student's topographical map represent? a. changes in elevation b. population growth c. areas of natural resources d. income disparity

As an ambulance approaches a person, the sound of the siren is high pitched. However, when the ambulance drives away from the person, the sound of the siren becomes lower pitched. Which describes the effect on the pitch of the sound? a. Doppler effect b. sonic boom c. resonance d. butterfly effect

Bivouac on a Mountain Side by Walt Whitman 1 I see before me now, a traveling army halting; 2 Below, a fertile valley spread, with barns, and the orchards of summer; 3 Behind, the terraced sides of a mountain, abrupt in places, rising high; 4 Broken, with rocks, with clinging cedars, with tall shapes, dingily seen; 5 The numerous camp-fires scatter'd near and far, some away up on the mountain; 6 The shadowy forms of men and horses, looming, large-sized flickering; 7 And over all, the sky—the sky! far, far out of reach, studded, breaking out, the eternal stars. Walt Whitman describes the setting in line 2 in order to a. contrast the violence of the war with the calm of the country. b. provide a tranquil setting for a peaceful narrative. c. depict the lush eighteenth-century American countryside. d. compare the natural American beauty to the European landscape.

Cartography is best defined as the art, science, and technology of a. creating maps and globes. b. digital geographic information systems. c. surveying the globe. d. navigating the Seven Seas

During the prewriting process, a student would do all EXCEPT a. complete a first draft. b. collect facts and data. c. find a topic. d. consider a thesis statement.

Euclid, a mathematician also known as the Father of Geometry, revolutionized the field of mathematics about 2,300 years ago, in the ancient civilization of a. Egypt. b. Rome. c. Angkor Wat. d. Mesopotamia

First: Set the variable z equal to a specific number. Second: Multiply z by 3. Third: Add 12 to the product. Fourth: Divide the sum by 2 To solve an algorithm, Jeremiah must follow the preceding steps. Which algebraic expression is equivalent to the algorithm? a. 3z + 12/2 b. 3 + 12z 2 c. 3z + 12/2 d. 2/3z + 12

If 8n + 25 = 65, then n is: a. 5 b. 10 c. 49 d. 90

In a capitalistic system, demand and price are generally set by a. market forces. b. elected leaders. c. leading economists. d. private companies.

In a free-market economy, companies are allowed to produce whatever consumers will buy in the marketplace. A free-market economy is the opposite of a. a command, or planned, economy. b. a mixed economy. c. a traditional economy. d. a local economy

Maid Quiet by William Butler Yeats 1 Time drops in decay, 2 Like a candle burnt out, 3 And the mountains and woods 4 Have their day, have their day; 5 What one in the rout 6 Of the fire-born moods 7 Has fallen away? How does the author use a simile in the poem? a. to compare time to an extinguished candle b. to give human characteristics to the mountains and woods c. to pose a hypothetical question d. to contrast the light of a candle with the darkness of the woods

Many animal cells are somewhat permeable and can allow water molecules through the membrane. What is the most accurate name for this process? a. osmosis b. photosynthesis c. mitosis d. meiosis

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door— Only this, and nothing more." The first stanza of Edgar Allan Poe's poem, "The Raven," employs several literary techniques, including a. alliteration, rhyme, and repetition . b. alliteration, dissonance, and repetition. c. rhyme, connotation, and dissonance. d. alliteration, consonance, and resolution

Read the following excerpt, then answer Questions 18 and 19. DEAR SON: I have ever had pleasure in obtaining any little anecdotes of my ancestors. You may remember the inquiries I made among the remains of my relations when you were with me in England, and the journey I undertook for that purpose. Imagining it may be equally agreeable to you to know the circumstances of my life, many of which you are yet unacquainted with, and expecting the enjoyment of a week's uninterrupted leisure in my present country retirement, I sit down to write them for you. Having emerged from the poverty and obscurity in which I was born and bred, to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world, and having gone so far through life with a considerable share of felicity, the conducing means I made use of, which with the blessing of God so well succeeded, my posterity may like to know, as they may find some of them suitable to their own situations, and therefore fit to be imitated. That felicity, when I reflected on it, has induced me sometimes to say, that were it offered to my choice, I should have no objection to a repetition of the same life from its beginning only asking the advantages authors have in a second edition to correct some faults of the first. So I might, besides correcting the faults, change some sinister accidents and events of it for others more favorable. But though this were denied, I should still accept the offer. Since such a repetition is not to be expected, the next thing most like living one's life over again seems to be a recollection of that life, and to make that recollection as durable as possible by putting it down in writing. —Benjamin Franklin In this excerpt, the most plausible writing to follow is a(n) a. autobiography. b. biography. c. letter. d. novel.

Read the following sentence. The large, gray canine and the little, scrawny, white dog bark incessantly. This is an example of a a. simple sentence b. compound sentence c. complex sentence d. compound-complex sentence

Read the following: "Methods of Teaching," Jennifer Pollock, Teaching Society of America, 2008. Excerpted from Kim Gana, ed., Education in America: A Modern Guide to the Classroom (New York: LearningExpress, 2008), 97-101. The preceding entry would most likely be found in which section of a book? a. bibliography b. glossary c. index d. table of contents

Sedimentary rocks, which comprise about 5% of the volume of Earth's crust, are formed by a. the deposits of materials that are compacted together. b. the cooling and hardening of liquid magma. c. rocks that change their state through a combination of extreme temperature and pressure. d. the shifting of continental plates

Solve for n. 1/2 = n/4 a. n = 2 b. n = 4 c. n = 6 d. n = 8

Solve for x where 3(2x + 4) = 9 using the distributive property. a. x = -1/2 b. x = 3 c. x = 6 d. x = 21

The Cambrian Period was a period on Earth when life diversified from mostly single-cell organisms to more complex animal groups, some of which still exist today. Ranging from about 542 to 488 million years ago, the period represented an explosion of innovative lifeforms. In fact, the term Cambrian explosion is often used to describe the rapid diversification of species on our planet. Although scientists are enthralled by this evolutionary epoch, they don't agree on the reasons for the immense increase of life. Which type of writing does the passage most likely represent? a. exposition b. historical fiction c. science fiction d. tall tale

The Hawaiian Islands are considered a volcanic chain of islands. That means a. they were created by the release of molten rock through volcanic eruptions. b. they are created by volcanoes that are lined up precisely. c. they are all linked together. d. they stimulate volcanic activity

The basic tenet of the New Deal was to a. provide relief for America's poor and unemployed. b. split the railroad monopolies to protect public interest. c. forcibly integrate America's public schools. d. limit the numbers of immigrants entering the United States.

The best indicator of strong comprehension is when a student a. constructs meaning with the written language. b. uses phonics to recognize words. c. reads orally with clarity and expression. d. completes silent reading quickly

The cylinders in an engine rotate 2,400 times in a period of 1 minute. Which expression shows the number of rotations of the cylinders in s seconds? a. 1/60 2,400s b. (60)2,400s c. 2,400 + s d. 2,400/60s

The famous Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov performed experiments in behavioral psychology with which animals to develop the concept of conditioned reflex? a. dogs b. cats c. mice d. horses

The frequency of an X-ray is approximately 1018 Hz. Which of the following could be the frequency of a gamma ray? a. 10^20 Hz b. 10^18 Hz c. 10^16 Hz d. 10^4 Hz

The political cartoon shown here was used to a. inspire the American colonists to unite against the British rule. b. encourage enlisters to join the army for World War I. c. persuade the Confederacy to unify with the northern states after the Civil War. d. influence additional countries to join NATO following the end of World War II.

The product of two prime numbers will always be a(n) a. composite number. b. odd number. c. irrational number. d. even number.

The state of Earth's atmosphere at a given time and place is known as a. weather.' b. climate. c. temperature. d. pressure.

The tallest mountain in the world, based on height from sea level to peak, is part of which mountain range? a. Himalaya b. Rockies c. Andes d. Alaska

The well-developed Native American population that lives in the Arctic regions of North America, including Alaska, is given what collective name? a. Inuits b. Mound Builders c. Anasazi d. Iroquois

There are nine different classes in an elementary school. The school is raising money by having each class sell baked goods and art. The class that makes the most money wins a pizza party. The class that makes the second-most money wins a plaque. The class that makes the third-most money will win a banner. Which expression shows how many possible ways the prizes can be awarded to the different classes in the school? a. 9 × 8 × 7 b. 9 × 9 × 9 c. 9 × 3 d. 9 × 8 × 7 × 6 × 5 × 4

There are three different styles of houses in Andy's neighborhood. The ratio of ranch houses to Victorian houses to colonial houses is 4:1:7, respectively. If there are a total of 600 houses in Andy's neighborhood, how many Victorian houses are there in his neighborhood? a. 50 b. 60 c. 100 d. 200

To solve an algorithm, Ella must follow the steps shown here. Which algebraic expression is equivalent to the algorithm? First: Set the variable x equal to a specific number. Second: Divide x by 4. Third: Subtract 10 from the quotient. Fourth: Multiply the difference by 2. a. 2(x/4 - 10) b. ( x/4 - (2 × 10) c. 2(4/x - 10) d. 2(10 - 4/x)

Twelve students are participating in a race. A 1st-place trophy, a 2nd-place medal, and a 3rd-place ribbon will be awarded to the top three finishers of the race. Which expression shows how many possible ways the prizes can be awarded to the runners? a. 12 × 11 × 10 b. 3 × 12 c. 12 × 12 × 12 d. 12!

Venus is often referred to as Earth's "sister planet" for each of the following reasons EXCEPT a. Venus also has exactly one moon. b. Venus also has a solid rock surface. c. Venus also has a dense atmosphere. d. Venus and Earth have nearly the same gravity

Visible light is comprised of all of the colors of the rainbow. An instrument that separates the various colors that comprise visible light is called a. a prism. b. a microscope. c. a telescope. d. a Geiger counter.

What is the area of a square that has a perimeter of 8 inches? a. 4 square inches b. 16 square inches c. 32 square inches d. 64 square inches

What is the area of the shaded triangle? a. 30 sq. cm b. 36 sq. cm c. 60 sq. cm d. 72 sq. cm

What is the importance of a phoneme in a student's literacy development? a. It is the smallest segment of sound in a language. b. It is a method of reading using the fundamental sounds of syllables. c. It is a blend of two consecutive letters to form a single sound. d. It is a letter that is not said but changes the pronunciation of a word.

What is the primary purpose of a persuasive piece of writing? a. to argue a specific point of view b. to explain or explore an idea c. to tell a detailed story d. to describe a person, place, or thing

What rhyme scheme does the following children's poem use? Old Mother Twitchett had but one eye, And a long tail which she let fly; And every time she went through a gap, A bit of her tail she left in a trap. a. AABB b. ABAB c. ABCD d. ABBA

What type of information can a fossil record provide about conditions on Earth millions of years ago? a. whether two ancient species existed at the same point in time b. whether ancient hominids mapped constellations c. the distance between Earth and Venus d. the percentage of herbivorous dinosaurs that laid infertile eggs

What was the historical significance of the discovery of the Rosetta Stone? a. It helped provide translations for Egyptian hieroglyphics. b. It provided a series of laws and standardized the penalties for breaking each. c. It proved that the invention of writing occurred in Mesopotamia. d. It helped identify the sun as the center of Earth's orbit.

When x is multiplied by -4 in the equation, the value of y y = -5x a. is multiplied by -4. b. is multiplied by -20. c. is divided by -4. d. is multiplied by 20.

Which Native American is best known for helping act as a guide and translator during Lewis and Clark's successful expedition to the Pacific Ocean, following the completion of the Louisiana Purchase? a. Sacajawea b. Geronimo c. Pocahontas d. Sitting Bull

Which action would most improve the following sentence? The reason that I was late was because I had to stop for three trains, I had a flat tire, and five people called me on my cell phone. a. removing the words "The reason that" and "was" b. changing the word "was" to "were" c. removing the words "was because" d. changing "that I was" to "for my being"

Which attribute of a star best defines how great its gravitational force will be? a. mass b. radius c. brightness d. diameter

Which country's population follows a set of practices known as Shinto? a. Japan b. India c. Israel d. China

Which information is generally NOT contained in a periodic table? a. chemical notation for molecular compounds b. the mass of an atom c. the number of protons in the atomic nucleus d. symbols for each known element

Which number, when tripled, is equal to the sum of the number and 4? a. 2 b. 3 c. 8 d. 12

Which of the following attributes best describe concrete poetry? a. the arrangement of words forming a visual effect b. a five-line poem containing two, four, six, eight, and two syllables c. the repetition of vowel sounds within the lines to create an internal rhyme d. a three-line poem with five, seven, and five syllables

Which of the following can be used to calculate the amount of momentum of an object? a. multiply mass by velocity b. multiply weight by mass c. multiply speed by acceleration d. multiply gravity by weight

Which of the following could a teacher do to best support an English Language Learner (ELL) who is struggling with understanding the teacher? a. use pictures and nonverbal clues when talking b. ask a classmate to repeat the teacher's words c. tell the ELL to write the teacher's words on a piece of paper d. explain that the ELL will begin to understand eventually

Which of the following countries initially used the island of Australia as a penal colony for its criminals? a. New Zealand b. the United States c. Great Britain d. Russia

Which of the following elements of an atom is NOT contained within the nucleus? a. electron b. proton c. neutron d. quark

Which of the following equations could represent the line on the coordinate graph shown here? a. y = 3x b. y = 3 c. y = 1/3x d. y = -3x

Which of the following equations represents the associative property of addition? a. 3 + (4 + 6) = (3 + 4) + 6 b. 3 + 7 = 4 + 6 c. 5(3 + 8) = (5 × 3) + (5 × 8) d. 6 + (2 + 2) = (6 + 6) + 2

Which of the following expressions is the multiplicative inverse of 10y? a. 1/10y b. -10y c. - 1/10y d. 10x

Which of the following is at the second trophic level? a. cow b. killer whale c. lion d. pine tree

Which of the following processes does NOT represent a conversion of a substance from one state of matter to another? a. neutralization b. vaporization c. melting d. condensation

Which of the following sentences does NOT contain a conjunction? a. Dogs are not allowed in any of the county's public parks. b. Jackson and Owen scored the same number of points in the game. c. I have not had a donut since I was 12 years old. d. We can visit the professor during her office hours on Tuesday or Thursday.

Which of the following strategies should a student first employ before gathering data for research? a. Clearly formulate the goals of the data gathering process. b. Locate the greatest number of resources that could prove valuable. c. Develop a detailed time line of the events involving the data. d. Present a lecture based on the gathered data

Which of the following would be the best indication for the number of time zones used within a country? a. range of longitude degrees within the country b. distance of the country from the equator c. range of latitude degrees within the country d. population density of the country

Which part of the flower represents the stamen? a. A b. B c. C d. D

Which period of human history is defined by the use of agricultural systems and domestic animals? a. Neolithic period b. Paleolithic period c. Copper Age d. Stone Age

Which provides the best explanation why the stars in the sky appear to rise in the east and set in the west? a. Earth spins on its axis from west to east. b. The Milky Way rotates in a spiral formation. c. Earth spins on its axis from east to west. d. Earth faces different directions as it orbits the sun.

Which three-dimensional figure can be formed with the following net? a. square pyramid b. triangular prism c. cube d. triangular pyramid

While Pablo Picasso became perhaps the greatest painter of the twentieth century with his surreal and abstract images, Chuck Close established his greatness with an uncanny ability to recreate the detail of a photograph with paint. An American painter, Close created large-scale portraits that appeared to be as accurate as photographs, even when viewed from a close vantage point. This genre of painting is understandably referred to as photo-realism. Close suffered a paralyzing event in 1988 that left him wheelchair bound with limited mobility of his hands and arms. Using a brush strapped to his wrist, Close continued to create lifelike portraits using larger strokes within grids, similar to pixilation. Viewed from up close, his modern works may appear haphazard, though the effect of photo-reality can be observed from farther away. Close's paintings since 1988 are different but no less astounding than his earlier works. The paralysis merely challenged him to rethink his artistic process. Which type of writing does the passage most likely represent? a. exposition b. fiction c. elegy d. legend

. A game player rolls a pair of number cubes that are each numbered from 1 through 6. The player needs the number cubes to land with the same number facing up. What is the probability that this will happen? a. 1/1 b. 1/6 c. 1/12 d. 1/36

. Children with little exposure to print will have more difficulty with a. hearing rhyming words. b. discovering that letters represent phonemes. c. homonyms and synonyms. d. metaphors and similes.

. If 3a - 49 = 5b, what is the value of a in terms of b? a. 5b + 49 b. 5b + 49/3 c. 3(5b + 49) d. 5b - 49/3

. If a person needs a food source to provide short-term energy, he or she should eat foods that are high in a. fat. b. carbohydrates. c. protein. d. lipids

. Lefty keeps track of the length of each fish that he catches. Here are the lengths in inches of the fish that he caught one day: 12, 13, 8, 10, 8, 9, 17 What is the median fish length that Lefty caught that day? a. 8 inches b. 10 inches c. 11 inches d. 12 inche

. Mainland Europe's only active volcano, Mt. Vesuvius, has not had a major destructive eruption in nearly 2,000 years. How should residents of nearby cities, including Naples, best react to this inaction? a. continue development up the slope of the volcano b. improve warning and evacuation systems c. seek out additional volcanoes near the European mainland d. formally classify the volcano as inactive

. Metacognition is important for the reading process of students because it a. requires them to think about what will likely happen next in a story. b. helps them think about the way that they read and understand the material. c. is supported with the guidance of a literary instructor. d. helps them to map out the main idea and supporting details of a passage or text

. Ms. Posada sold her home for $400,000. However, she had to give her realtor a percentage of the sale price for finding the buyer. If Ms. Posada paid her realtor $14,000, what percentage of the sale price of the home did she give? a. 0.35% b. 3.5% c. 14% d. 28.57%

. One drawback to a Eurocentric curriculum in a social studies classroom is that it a. does not provide students with enough information about the British monarchy. b. places too much emphasis on dates and names and not on social studies as inquiry. c. overly stresses the lesser important leaders of Asia and the Americas. d. does not reflect the sociocultural realities of society

. Read the following poem: "She walks in beauty like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies:" Source: "She Walks in Beauty," Lord Byron This passage uses what figurative speech technique? a. hyperbole b. simile c. metaphor d. personification

. Research has determined that the best predictor of a student's early decoding ability is his or her a. vocabulary. b. phonemic awareness. c. listening comprehension. d. positive attitude.

. The gray square in the figure is half the height and one-quarter the width of the surrounding rectangle. If the perimeter of the gray square is 16 feet, what is the perimeter of the entire rectangle, in feet? a. 24 b. 48 c. 96 d. 128

. Which best explains the cause of a lunar eclipse? a. The sun moves between Earth and the moon. b. Earth moves in between the sun and the moon. c. The moon moves between Earth and the sun. d. The moon moves between Earth and Mars.

. Which gas is most prevalent in Earth's atmosphere? a. oxygen b. nitrogen c. carbon dioxide d. water vapor

. Which of the following countries was never colonized by a European country? a. India b. Thailand c. Laos d. Australia

. Which of the following terms can be applied to a lion in terms of the way it gets its energy? a. producer b. consumer c. herbivore d. decomposer

1 In 1911, Roald Amundsen became the first 2 person to reach the South Pole. However, the 3 exploration of Antarctica was not yet complete. 4 Sir Ernest Shackleton left England in 1914 with 5 the goal of being the first to cross the entire 6 Antarctic continent by land. During the 7 Antarctic summer of 1914-1915, however, 8 Shackleton's ship Endurance was slowly 9 enveloped by increasingly dense pack ice, like a 10 fog closing in on a city. By April 1915, the ship 11 was completely trapped by the ice. As the cold 12 winter months hardened the ice, the pressure 13 on the ship became tremendous. Crunch! 14 The frozen ice squeezed the ship's hull. The hull 15 cracked, and water spilled in to the ship. In 16 October 1915, the crew abandoned the ship and 17 set out to camp on the ice. What followed over 18 the next year was one of the greatest stories of 19 survival and endurance in history . Which literary device does the author use in line 13 of the passage? a. metaphor b. onomatopoeia c. hyperbole d. allusion

1 My brother and I both have short, brown, curly 2 hair. We're both about the same height. We 3 both enjoy sandwiches. But the similarities end 4 there. Last weekend was one of the most 5 beautiful weekends of the year. Between riding 6 my bike around town, walking to my friend's 7 house, and playing roller hockey, I spent a total 8 of three minutes indoors throughout the entire 9 weekend. I don't even know whether my 10 brother left the living room. He told me he's 11 enjoying his new book about arachnids. I can't 12 even look at a spider; the last thing in the world 13 I'd want to do is spend a beautiful weekend 14 reading about them. Of course, the fact that 15 he's a pale-faced spider nerd doesn't make me 16 love him any less. He's my brother, after all. Which literary device does the author use in lines 7, 8, and 9? a. allusion b. hyperbole c. foreshadowing d. oxymoron

A boulder falls from a mountain, creating vibrations when it hits the ground in a valley. The vibrations travel through the air in waves and are reflected on the other side of the valley. This reflection can be described as a. convection. b. an echo. c. conduction. d. a current.

A game player rolls a pair of number cubes that are each numbered from 1 through 6. The player needs the number cubes to land in a way that their sum is equal to 3. What is the probability that this will happen? a. 1/36 b. 1/18 c. 1/12 d. 1/8

A person on Earth can only see one side of the moon, regardless of the time of day or location on the planet. Which explains this phenomenon that keeps the dark side of the moon hidden from people on Earth? a. The dark side of the moon always faces toward the sun. b. The rotation of the moon is equal to its orbit around Earth. c. The moon rotates on its axis at exactly 90 degrees. d. The electromagnetic field of the dark side of the moon is repulsed by Earth

A pollster is gathering data about an upcoming election by asking people who they intend to vote for. Which of the following would be the most effective location for the pollster to gather his data to get accurate and unbiased results? a. inside an elementary school b. on several random streets c. outside a political party's headquarters d. at a prestigious and expensive restaurant

A student identifies a favorite wildflower in a guidebook. Unfamiliar words like decumbent, hirsute, and orbicular appear in the description. Which section of the book would be most helpful? a. bibliography b. glossary c. index d. table of contents

A student is confused by a series of directions given to him orally. Which of the following is the best strategy for him to complete the steps? a. Have him skip the step and come back to it at a later time. b. Have him ask a question to clarify the directions. c. Have him continue through the exercise. d. Have him draw a picture to interpret the directions.

A tsunami, one of the most destructive events on the planet, can be caused by which of the following events? a. tidal forces b. tectonic uplift c. low pressure d. extreme winds

About 250 million years ago, the continents of Earth were joined as one supercontinent. What is the name attributed to this ancient continent? a. Oceana b. Pangaea c. Hadean d. Panthalassa

Although some machines may appear complex, each machine is comprised of one of the simple machines defined by scientists. How many simple machines are there in total? a. 3 b. 6 c. 10 d. 42

Astronomers study radio waves, light, and the planets to understand the solar system and the universe. The instrument best suited to this task is the a. microscope. b. telescope. c. gyroscope. d. Geiger counter.

At which of the following temperatures is there the least amount of kinetic energy in a molecule? a. 0°C b. 0°K c. 0°F d. 100°C

Bivouac on a Mountain Side by Walt Whitman 1 I see before me now, a traveling army halting; 2 Below, a fertile valley spread, with barns, and the orchards of summer; 3 Behind, the terraced sides of a mountain, abrupt in places, rising high; 4 Broken, with rocks, with clinging cedars, with tall shapes, dingily seen; 5 The numerous camp-fires scatter'd near and far, some away up on the mountain; 6 The shadowy forms of men and horses, looming, large-sized flickering; 7 And over all, the sky—the sky! far, far out of reach, studded, breaking out, the eternal stars. The poem reflects primarily on the author's perspective of a. the eternal stars. b. the Civil War. c. a beautiful mountain. d. horseback riding

Diatomic oxygen gas, the breathable oxygen in the atmosphere, makes up more than 20% of the air in Earth's atmosphere. What is the chemical notation for the molecule? a. O b. O2 c. H2O d. O3

During a writing development period in kindergarten, a student creates the following image. The student then orally tells a story about the horse, including characters who interact with it and events that happen with the horse. Which stage of writing development best describes the student who drew the horse and told the corresponding story? a. picture writing b. scribble writing c. random letter d. invented spelling

Federalism describes a system of government in which a. a monarch rules as a figurehead of the state, but a separate parliament utilizes the authority over the land. b. the government is formed by a voluntary gathering of people who consent to be ruled by a constitutionally limited central body. c. an emphasis is placed on the decentralization of power with more power given to smaller political units, such as states. d. the government owns and controls all means of production and does not allow any private interest to generate profits.

Fishing regulations state that a sole caught in the ocean must be a minimum of 25 centimeters or it must be thrown back. A fisherman catches the following sole and measures it with a meter stick. The fisherman determines that the sole is about 20.5 centimeters long.How much more does the sole have to grow, in millimeters, before it can be legally kept? How much more does the sole have to grow, in millimeters, before it can be legally kept? a. 4.5 millimeters b. 45 millimeters c. 55 millimeters d. 205 millimeters

Frederick Douglass, a former slave and the publisher of the antislavery newspaper, The North Star, was most famous for his role as a. the author of the Thirteenth Amendment . b. an abolitionist. c. a general under President Abraham Lincoln. d. a slaveholder.

George Orwell wrote Animal Farm in the style of a a. comedy. b. fable . c. legend. d. tall tale

How are regions for time zones defined across the world? a. the prime meridian b. lines of longitude c. the equator d. satellite images

If the circumference of a circle is 100π centimeters, the radius of the circle is a. 10 centimeters. b. 50 centimeters. c. 100 centimeters. d. 50π centimeters.

If x + 5 = 10, then x + 9 = ? a. 5 b. 14 c. 17 d. 19

In 1605, France established its first territory in North America, which extended from modernday Quebec to Philadelphia. What was the name of this territory? a. Acadia b. New France c. Montreal d. Nova Scotia

In the United States, citizens have to serve on a jury if they a. pay taxes. b. are selected to do so. c. are registered with the Selective Service System. d. vote in a local or national election.

JoAnne packs a box with hardcover and paperback books. Each paperback book weighs 2 pounds. Each hardcover book weighs 5 pounds. The weight of the box is 18 pounds. There is at least one paperback book and one hardcover book in the box. How many paperback books are in her box? a. 2 b. 4 c. 8 d. 9

Many poorer countries produce agricultural crops called cash crops with the help of foreign assistance that is most often in the form of a. international drug enforcement teams. b. bank loans. c. donated medical supplies. d. credit cards.

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door— Only this, and nothing more." Which best describes the tone that Edgar Allan Poe sets in the first stanza of "The Raven"? a. merry b. melancholy c. musical d. quaint

One of the grandparents of a student in a classroom is a Vietnam veteran and has volunteered to share information about his time as a soldier with the class. Which technique should the teacher encourage his or her students to use to gain the most from the experience? a. ask the veteran pertinent questions about his wartime experiences b. memorize the dates of the soldier's enrollment with the U.S. army c. record the veteran's conversation and transcribe his words on a computer d. determine whether the veteran's statements are factually correct

Read the following excerpt, then answer Questions 18 and 19. DEAR SON: I have ever had pleasure in obtaining any little anecdotes of my ancestors. You may remember the inquiries I made among the remains of my relations when you were with me in England, and the journey I undertook for that purpose. Imagining it may be equally agreeable to you to know the circumstances of my life, many of which you are yet unacquainted with, and expecting the enjoyment of a week's uninterrupted leisure in my present country retirement, I sit down to write them for you. Having emerged from the poverty and obscurity in which I was born and bred, to a state of affluence and some degree of reputation in the world, and having gone so far through life with a considerable share of felicity, the conducing means I made use of, which with the blessing of God so well succeeded, my posterity may like to know, as they may find some of them suitable to their own situations, and therefore fit to be imitated. That felicity, when I reflected on it, has induced me sometimes to say, that were it offered to my choice, I should have no objection to a repetition of the same life from its beginning only asking the advantages authors have in a second edition to correct some faults of the first. So I might, besides correcting the faults, change some sinister accidents and events of it for others more favorable. But though this were denied, I should still accept the offer. Since such a repetition is not to be expected, the next thing most like living one's life over again seems to be a recollection of that life, and to make that recollection as durable as possible by putting it down in writing. —Benjamin Franklin In the excerpt from his book, the author a. implies that he had a perfect life. b. regrets a few incidents along the way. c. would like to change his life and start over. d. wishes to return with his son to England.

Read the following: Little brown baby wif spa'klin' eyes, Come to yo' pappy an' set on his knee. What you been doin', suh—makin' san' pies? Look at dat bib—you's es du'ty ez me. Source: "Little Brown Baby," Paul Laurence Dunbar This is an example of a. colloquialism. b. dialect. c. jargon. d. slang.

Students can benefit from using graphic organizers in reading and language arts in all the following ways EXCEPT that graphic organizers a. can help students visualize how knowledge is connected. b. are quickly constructed and are always an efficient use of time. c. can help students learn to make meaning from the text. d. have been proven to improve a student's vocabulary

The Cambrian Period was a period on Earth when life diversified from mostly single-cell organisms to more complex animal groups, some of which still exist today. Ranging from about 542 to 488 million years ago, the period represented an explosion of innovative lifeforms. In fact, the term Cambrian explosion is often used to describe the rapid diversification of species on our planet. Although scientists are enthralled by this evolutionary epoch, they don't agree on the reasons for the immense increase of life. What was the author's purpose in including the final sentence of the passage? a. to explain a scientific phenomenon b. to mention an unexplained aspect of the period c. to provide additional information about the time period d. to disprove a common claim about a scientific theory

The Northwest Passage refers to the a. direct route over the North Pole taken by aircraft seeking the shortest distance to a destination. b. sea route through the Arctic Ocean, made more navigable by the melting ice created by climate change. c. ancient trade routes developed to facilitate business between Southeast Asia northwest toward Europe. d. the first cross-continental rail line connecting the eastern and western United States.

The climate in the United Kingdom is warmer than its northern position on the globe might suggest. Which of the following has the greatest warming effect on the island nation? a. the prime meridian b. the North Atlantic current c. great amounts of rainfall d. population density

The clownfish protects the anemone that acts as its home by interfering with fish that would ordinarily eat the anemone. The anemone has stinging tentacles that do not affect the clownfish but protect it from predatory fish that might otherwise eat the clownfish. Which term best describes the relationship between the clownfish and the anemone? a. commensalism b. mutualism c. competition d. parasitism

The formation of Long Island, the largest island in the contiguous United States and the country's most populous island, is largely a result of a. rocks created from volcanic overflow. b. land left over after the retreat of glaciers. c. receding sea waters from the Long Island Sound. d. landfill created by early settlers to the New York City area.

The freewriting technique for writing is most closely associated with which stage of the writing process? a. publishing b. prewriting c. revising d. outlining

The graph shown here is missing its title. Which title fits the information it provides? a. Total Immigration to the United States b. Dow Jones Industrial Average c. Land Area of the United States d. Casualties of WWI

The historic Supreme Court case Dred Scott v. Sanford was notable for its impact on civil rights in the United States because it a. maintained that racial segregation was acceptable as long as separate facilities provided equal amenities. b. declared that black men and women in the United States could never become U.S. citizens. c. desegregated public school classrooms for the first time. d. provided freed slaves the opportunity to become U.S. citizens

The integers from 1 through 9 are written on pieces of paper and put into a hat. What is the probability that an even number will be selected from the hat at random? a. 1/9 b. 4/9 c. 1/2 d. 5/9

The numbers shown here are the first three terms of a number pattern. The pattern is created by subtracting 1 from the product of the previous number and 2. What is the sixth number in the pattern? 3, 5, 9, . . . a. 32 b. 65 c. 66 d. 72

The period of American history called the Gilded Age (1865-1893) earned its nickname for a. the yellow journalism engaged in by many newspapers. b. the great wealth displayed and obtained by American businessmen in the second industrial revolution. c. the gold rushes that occurred in the Western states. d. the abandonment of the gold standard

The poll tax was outlawed by the TwentyFourth Amendment because a. the revenue generated from the tax was insignificant. b. a tariff interferes with a citizen's right to vote. c. elections had become efficient enough to not necessitate their own tax. d. U.S. leaders wanted to continue to disenfranchise poor voters.

The regular pentagon has two points labeled M and N on its corners, as shown. The figure is rotated about its center, shown with the dot inside the pentagon. How many degrees must the figure be rotated clockwise for point M to move to the location occupied by point N? a. 72° b. 144° c. 180° d. 216°

The solid line drawn on the preceding map represents the a. equator. b. Tropic of Cancer. c. prime meridian. d. Tropic of Capricorn.

The spread of the Black Death throughout Europe in the 1300s was most likely initially caused by a. the introduction of domestic animals to European farming. b. disease-carrying fleas and rats aboard merchant ships from Asia. c. the dense urban centers of the European capital cities. d. a native population that had been unexposed to such deadly bacteria.

The value of a home in 2005 was $200,000. In 2010 the home had a value of $209,000. By what percentage did the value of the home increase from 2005 to 2010? a. 4.3% b. 4.5% c. 9% d. 45%

What is the approximate distance between the densely populated El Paso County, in the western corner of Texas, and the densely populated San Diego County, in the southwest corner of California? a. 300 miles b. 700 miles c. 1,200 miles d. 2,000 miles

What is the error in the following sentence? The bald eagle, one of the symbols of the United States, is easily recognized by their white heads and hooked beaks. a. The subject and verb are not in agreement. b. The pronoun does not match the subject. c. The words "heads" and "beaks" should include apostrophes. d. Both of the commas should not be included.

What is the study of word formation in a language, including inflection, derivation, and compound formations? a. etymology b. morphology c. metonymy d. orthography

What is the value of 1^5? a. 0 b. 1 c. 5 d. 6

What type of error is included in the following sentence? The squirrel was dodging from place to place grabbing acorns, stuffing them into their cheeks, and rushing back to its home to stash the treasures away. a. subject-verb agreement b. noun-pronoun agreement c. adverb form d. dangling modifier

Which digit is in the tenths place in the following decimal? 174.56 a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7

Which figure was most responsible for the spread of Greek culture between 400 and 300 BCE? a. Socrates b. Alexander the Great c. Euclid of Alexandria d. Aristotle

Which nineteenth-century term is used to describe the American belief that the United States was fated to control the land between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans? a. Monroe Doctrine b. Manifest Destiny c. Magna Carta d. Bill of Rights

Which number below is the additive inverse of -1/2? a. -2 b. 1/2 c. 1 1/2 d. 2

Which number sentence below correctly illustrates the commutative property? a. 4 + 5 > 3 + 5 b. 2 + 5 = 5 + 2 c. 2 + 5 = 3 + 4 d. 2 + 5 ≤ 2 + 5

Which of the following best defines active listening? a. listening without talking b. listening for meaning c. agreeing with the speaker d. sitting up straight in a chair

Which of the following is NOT a multiple of 7? a. 7 b. 27 c. 42 d. 77

Which of the following is NOT a significant environmental concern of nuclear reactors for energy creation? a. disposal of nuclear waste b. creation of greenhouse gases c. prevention of radioactivity d. warming of local waterways

Which of the following is NOT an example of a simple machine? a. wedge b. calculator c. pulley d. wheel and axle

Which of the following is NOT caused by the movement of tectonic plates? a. earthquakes b. monsoons c. tsunamis d. volcanoes

Which of the following is a vestigial organ of the human body? a. kidney b. appendix c. skin d. gallbladder

Which of the following is an example of a compound sentence? a. Jane went to the store to buy milk, eggs, vanilla, and flour for the cake. b. Maria dressed herself slowly, and then she headed down the stairs. c. After walking for a few minutes to warm up, Jonathan began to jog. d. Ivan and Meredith both knew that something was wrong when they walked outside.

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of Earth's interior, starting with Earth's surface? a. crust, lithosphere, mantle, inner core, outer core b. crust, lithosphere, mantle, outer core, inner core c. inner core, outer core, mantle, lithosphere, crust d. mantle, outer core, inner core, lithosphere, crust

Which of the following is the multiplicative inverse of x + 8? a. x - 8 b. 1 x + 8 c. -(x + 8) d. 1 x + 8

Which of the following must be true about an organism that reproduces asexually? a. It is a single-celled organism. b. It reproduces with the use of a single parent. c. It combines genetic information from another organism to reproduce. d. It does not have the physical capability to reproduce.

Which of the following numbers represents a whole number? a. -5 b. 0 c. 0.75 d. 9 10

Which of the following processes produces identical cells? a. meiosis b. mitosis c. gamete formation d. fertilization

Which of the following represents an example of potential energy? a. An ocean wave crashes on the seashore. b. A rubber band is stretched to capacity. c. Sound waves echo in a concert hall. d. A microwave heats a frozen dinner.

Which of the following represents the multiplicative inverse of 16? a. -16 b. 1/16 c. 16/1 d. 61

Which of the following research tools would most likely provide the most accurate information about a historical event? a. a peer-reviewed journal b. a series of diary entries c. a movie adaptation of the event d. a work of historical fiction based around the event

Which of the following shows the net for a cube? a b c d

Which of the following techniques is least helpful for a student who is unsure of the meaning of a word in a text? a. reading several lines before the unknown word b. looking for synonyms or antonyms within the text c. looking for a homonym within the text d. reading several lines after the unknown word

Which of the following was an outcome of the Three-Fifths Compromise? a. Former slaves were only allowed to own three-fifths as much land as white owners. b. Three-fifths of the slave population would count toward representation and taxes. c. The votes of slaves would only count three fifths as much as the votes of white voters. d. All income earned by former slaves would be taxed at an elevated rate of three-fifths.

Which of the following words describes the most likely weather condition in Michigan during this time? a. cold b. cloudy c. hail d. calm

Which of the following would be most beneficial to an ELL student when a teacher asks the student a question about a text? a. asking the question more loudly b. providing the student with increased wait time c. letting the student write the answer on the board d. supplying the student with several possible choices

Which stage of writing development is characterized by the first appearance of letters on a student's drawing? a. scribble writing b. random letter c. conventional d. transitional

Which was the deadliest U.S. war in terms of American lives lost? a. the Revolutionary War b. the Civil War c. World War I d. World War II

. A monetary union occurs when a. one country merges its denominations of notes. b. a die used to mint money melts into the coin it is creating. c. two or more governments decide to use the same currency. d. one country is under a state of war and creates a unique form of currency for internal use

. Angkor Thom, once the thriving capital of the Khmer Empire, is located in which Southeast Asian country? a. Thailand b. Cambodia c. Vietnam d. Laos

. During which time in Earth's history did the first life forms appear on the planet? a. Phanerozoic Eon b. Cambrian Era c. Archeozoic Eon d. Mesozoic Era

. Each of the following events contributed to the American colonies initiating the Revolutionary War EXCEPT a. the Boston Massacre. b. the passage of the Stamp Act. c. the Louisiana Purchase. d. the passage of the Tea Act

. Eduardo has to make a speech to his classmates about his favorite type of pet. He wants to begin his speech with a thesis statement that tells the listeners what he thinks and feels about the subject. Which of the following sentences best represents a possible thesis statement to begin Eduardo's speech? a. Many different types of animals can be kept as pets. b. Which is your favorite animal to keep as a pet? c. Considering all their great attributes, dogs are the best pets. d. Cats sharpen their claws on furniture and can ruin a couch.

. In the 1870s, thousands of Chinese men were allowed into California and Nevada to build the Central Pacific Railroad. Yet in 1882, Chinese immigrants were prohibited from entering America by a. Executive Order 9066. b. California's new constitution. c. the Chinese Exclusion Act. d. the Geary Act

. Jorge measured the temperature when he woke up at 7 A.M. and found that it was 66°F. The temperature changed by the same rate throughout the day. At 2 P.M. Jorge measured the temperature again and found that it was 87°F. What was the temperature at noon? a. 69°F b. 71°F c. 81°F d. 84°F

. Research has shown that accessing a student's prior knowledge can improve reading comprehension. Which of the following is NOT considered a prior knowledge connection to improve comprehension? a. text-to-self b. text-to-world c. self-to-world d. text-to-text

. The Eighth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution does not allow cruel and unusual punishment, such as and including which of the following penalties? a. capital punishment b. a life sentence for fraud crimes totaling less than $500 c. deprivation of a natural-born citizen of his or her citizenship d. a monetary fine

. The population of a species may, over time, develop more common traits that help the species reproduce and thrive within an environment. The name of this process is a. mutation. b. population decline. c. natural selection. d. diversification.

. Use the order of operations to find the value of the following expression. 5 + 10 × 2 - 4 ÷ 2 a. 5 b. 13 c. 23 d. 28

. Which manmade waterway was built to connect the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, providing a passageway from Europe to Asia without requiring navigation around Africa? a. Panama Canal b. Erie Canal c. Suez Canal d. Black Sea

. Which of the following can NOT be expressed as a fraction with integers in both the numerator and denominator? a. -25 b. 0 c. π d. 5.5

1 In 1911, Roald Amundsen became the first 2 person to reach the South Pole. However, the 3 exploration of Antarctica was not yet complete. 4 Sir Ernest Shackleton left England in 1914 with 5 the goal of being the first to cross the entire 6 Antarctic continent by land. During the 7 Antarctic summer of 1914-1915, however, 8 Shackleton's ship Endurance was slowly 9 enveloped by increasingly dense pack ice, like a 10 fog closing in on a city. By April 1915, the ship 11 was completely trapped by the ice. As the cold 12 winter months hardened the ice, the pressure 13 on the ship became tremendous. Crunch! 14 The frozen ice squeezed the ship's hull. The hull 15 cracked, and water spilled in to the ship. In 16 October 1915, the crew abandoned the ship and 17 set out to camp on the ice. What followed over 18 the next year was one of the greatest stories of 19 survival and endurance in history A student reads the passage and is unsure of the meaning of the word "enveloped," Which of the following techniques would be most useful to help him or her understand the word's definition? a. identifying the individual phonemes that comprise the unknown word b. retelling the main idea and supporting details of the given passage c. reading the sentence before and after the word looking for synonyms or antonyms d. identifying the suffix and considering vocabulary words that share the same suffix

1 My brother and I both have short, brown, curly 2 hair. We're both about the same height. We 3 both enjoy sandwiches. But the similarities end 4 there. Last weekend was one of the most 5 beautiful weekends of the year. Between riding 6 my bike around town, walking to my friend's 7 house, and playing roller hockey, I spent a total 8 of three minutes indoors throughout the entire 9 weekend. I don't even know whether my 10 brother left the living room. He told me he's 11 enjoying his new book about arachnids. I can't 12 even look at a spider; the last thing in the world 13 I'd want to do is spend a beautiful weekend 14 reading about them. Of course, the fact that 15 he's a pale-faced spider nerd doesn't make me 16 love him any less. He's my brother, after all. 1. What is the primary purpose of the passage? a. to make fun of a boy who never leaves the house b. to demonstrate that even spiders can be interesting if there is a good book about them c. to show that differences don't interfere with the bond between brothers d. to describe two children as having nearly the same height and hair style

1 My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; 2 Coral is far more red than her lips' red 3 If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; 4 If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head . 5 I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, 6 But no such roses see I in her cheeks; 7 And in some perfumes is there more delight 8 Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. 9 I love to hear her speak, yet well I know 10 That music hath a far more pleasing sound; 11 I grant I never saw a goddess go; 1 2 My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground: 13 And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare 14 As any she belied with false compare. —William Shakespeare In what way does Shakespeare compliment his mistress in the poem? a. He compares her eyes to the beauty of the sun. b. He takes pleasure in the music that she creates. c. He says that he enjoys hearing her talk. d. He states that her lips are redder than coral

1 My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; 2 Coral is far more red than her lips' red 3 If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; 4 If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. 5 I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, 6 But no such roses see I in her cheeks; 7 And in some perfumes is there more delight 8 Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. 9 I love to hear her speak, yet well I know 10 That music hath a far more pleasing sound; 11 I grant I never saw a goddess go; 12 My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground: 13 And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare 14 As any she belied with false compare. —William Shakespeare Line 11 in the poem provides an example of which literary device? a. metaphor b. hyperbole c. alliteration d. simile

2. Four groups of mice consume different amounts of artificial sweetener in their food. The control group is the one that receives a. 10 mg/day of sweetener. b. 50 mg/day of sweetener. c. no sweetener. d. milk instead of water

3. All the Galilean moons are roughly spherical. Which Galilean moon has the greatest circumference at its equator? a. Io b. Europa c. Ganymede d. Callisto

44% Aquarium, Box Factory 6%, Museum 30%, and Zoo 20% The circle graph shows the percentage of students in a middle school who voted for each of four possible field trips. If 45 students voted for the museum, what is the total number of students who voted for the four field trips? a. 67 b. 115 c. 150 d. 250

6CO2 + 12H2O + energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H20 Where does the energy in the first part of the reaction come from? a. heat b. water c. light d. oxygen

A bag has 5 white gumballs, 4 polka-dotted gumballs, and 7 striped gumballs. What is the probability of pulling out a striped gumball? a. 4/16 b. 5/16 c. 7/16 d. 9/16

A basketball player has an average (arithmetic mean) of 22 points in five games. The player scored 18, 16, and 20 points during the first three games. Which shows a possible number of points that the basketball player scored in the next two games? a. 22 and 22 b. 24 and 28 c. 27 and 29 d. 30 and 36

A florist calculates the number of different flowers that she sells during a week at her store. She creates the following circle graph to organize and display the results. Iris ?,Daisy 22%, Tulip 12%, Lily 15%, and Rose 40%. The florist sold a total of 500 flowers. Based on her circle graph, how many irises did she sell? a. 11 b. 22 c. 55 d. 100

A government that is defined as oligarchic a. is controlled by a single ruler for life. b. believes in the abolishment of the class system. c. is governed by a small group of elites. d. has free and open elections.

A group of students is working independently to write about a topic. Which of the following steps would NOT help them in their prewriting? a. brainstorming about the different topics that interest them b. clustering the ideas into smaller groups c. checking for spelling errors or grammatical mistakes d. considering the audience and the purpose of the writing

A guitar instructor comes to her customers' homes to give private lessons. She charges her customers according to the following formula, where C is the total cost in dollars, h is the number of hours of the lesson and t is the travel time, in hours, that the instructor spends getting to and from her customer's home. C = 30t + 50h What does the instructor charge for a private lesson that lasts for 1.5 hours if she also spends 30 minutes getting to and from the customer's home? a. $70 b. $80 c. $90 d. $975

A lighthouse beam flashes every 6 seconds. Robert's watch is set to beep every 10 seconds. Robert's watch beeps and the lighthouse beam flashes at the exact same time. How much time will elapse before Robert's watch beeps and the lighthouse beam flashes at the same time again? a. 2 seconds b. 16 seconds c. 30 seconds d. 1 minute

A local phone company offers a long-distance plan that costs $6.95 per month and includes 100 free long-distance minutes. After the first 100 minutes, each additional minute costs 5 cents per minute. If John uses 240 longdistance minutes in March, how much will his long-distance bill be? a. $7 b. $12 c. $13.95 d. $18.95

A meteorologist predicts the weather using a combination of data, including temperature, air pressure, wind speed, and humidity. Which instrument can the meteorologist use to determine the air pressure of the atmosphere? a. thermometer b. hygrometer c. barometer d. anemometer

A stationery store sells pencils for $0.75 each and pens for $1.00 each. One day the store made a total of $6.00 selling pens and pencils, and at least one pen and one pencil were sold. How many pencils did the store sell during the day? a. 1 b. 3 c. 4 d. 8

A student struggles with reading the word "shop." The teacher suggests breaking the word into its distinct phonemes. How many phonemes are in the word "shop"? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

A teacher uses a running record to evaluate a student's accuracy rate when reading a book aloud. Which accuracy rate percentage shows that the level of the text is "instructional," which means the student has the ability to read the book with the help of the teacher? a. 72% b. 84% c. 92% d. 99%

According to Newton's First Law of Motion, which of the following affects the motion of an object while it is in motion? a. a simple machine b. an opposite reaction c. an external force d. gravity

According to current theory, about how many years ago was the planet Earth formed? a. 4,500 years b. 5 million years c. 4.5 billion years d. 13.75 billion years

Annabelle takes a piano lesson every 8 days. She also takes a swimming lesson every 10 days. One day Annabelle has both a piano lesson and a swimming lesson. In how many more days will Annabelle next have a piano lesson and a swimming lesson on the same day? a. 2 b. 20 c. 40 d. 80

During the nineteenth century, China fought the First and Second Opium Wars to prevent a. the British from growing opium in China. b. the British from selling Chinese opium abroad. c. the British from requiring China to import British opium from India. d. the British from requiring China to import American opium.

Earthquakes are a process by which rock suddenly breaks along a flat surface called a fault. These events cause waves of vibrational energy to move throughout the rock. What is the study and measurement of sound vibrations within the Earth called? a. geology b. vulcanology c. seismology d. audiology

Erik bought four items at the grocery store: eggs, juice, bread, and a pineapple. Not including tax, the average (arithmetic mean) of the items was $2.95. He bought a dozen eggs for $2.75, a gallon of juice for $3.80, and a loaf of bread for $2.25. What was the cost of the pineapple, not including tax? a. $2.85 b. $2.95 c. $3.00 d. $3.10

How many chromosomes does a normal human cell contain? a. 23 b. 45 c. 46 d. 47

If the radius of a circle is 8 inches long, the circumference of the circle must be a. 8 inches. b. 16 inches. c. 16π inches. d. 64π inches.

In preparing your students for a writing assignment, you are encouraging them to form a clear thesis, find strong supporting evidence, find evidence to provide possible opposition to their thesis, and form a conclusion that will restate the thesis or provoke an action. Your students are engaged in a. narrative writing. b. expository writing. c. persuasive writing. d. technical writing

Juice 18% Milk 42% Water 28% Seltzer The circle graph shows the beverages sold in a school cafeteria during the month of November. If a total of 500 beverages were sold in the cafeteria in November, how many seltzers were sold? a. 12 b. 50 c. 60 d. 110

Maid Quiet by William Butler Yeats 1 Time drops in decay, 2 Like a candle burnt out, 3 And the mountains and woods 4 Have their day, have their day; 5 What one in the rout 6 Of the fire-born moods 7 Has fallen away? . Which type of literary device is used in line 1 of the poem? a. simile b. metaphor c. personification d. onomatopoeia

One centimeter on a map is equivalent to 200 meters. A rectangular park on the map has a length of 3.5 centimeters and a width of 4 centimeters. What is the area of the park, in square meters? a. 1,100 b. 1,800 c. 2,800 d. 3,000

Read the following sentence: Did you know that it rained three inches last night? This is an example of a(n) a. imperative sentence. b. exclamatory sentence. c. interrogative sentence. d. declarative sentence.

Read the following: "Hickory Dickory Dock The mouse ran up the clock The clock struck one The mouse ran down Hickory Dickory Dock" Source: Mother Goose Nursery Rhyme This nursery rhyme is an example of a(n) a. cinquain. b. elegy. c. limerick. d. lyric.

The Cambrian Period was a period on Earth when life diversified from mostly single-cell organisms to more complex animal groups, some of which still exist today. Ranging from about 542 to 488 million years ago, the period represented an explosion of innovative lifeforms. In fact, the term Cambrian explosion is often used to describe the rapid diversification of species on our planet. Although scientists are enthralled by this evolutionary epoch, they don't agree on the reasons for the immense increase of life. The first sentence of the passage provides the readers with a a. comparison. b. contrast. c. definition. d. symbol.

The aspect of the Ford Model T that transformed the American automobile industry was its a. style. b. high speed. c. affordability. d. safety measures

The conclusion of World War II led to the formation of which of the following countries? a. Czechoslovakia b. Israel c. USSR d. Italy

The following rectangle is rotated a certain number of degrees. Which degree of rotation will NOT affect the orientation of the rectangle? a. 100° b. 270° c. 540° d. 600

The northern lights, also known as the aurora borealis, are the result of which event? a. meteor showers b. the moon passing between the sun and Earth c. the collision of high-energy particles with the gases in the atmosphere d. wind acting on magnetic particles

The primary difference between a meteoroid and a meteorite is that only a meteorite a. contains life-forms. b. orbits the Sun. c. touches Earth's surface. d. contains frozen water.

The process of asexual reproduction is characterized by a. cell division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is halved. b. the fertilization of gametes outside of the body. c. the duplication of an organism with a single parent. d. the development of babies in the pouch of the mother.

The reading process primarily occurs a. through the eyes. b. through the ears. c. in the brain. d. with the hands

The right to vote was extended to American women with the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment. In what year were the voting rights of the American citizens extended to female citizens? a. 1848 b. 1944 c. 1920 d. 1756

There are three different colored pens in Ming's drawer. The ratio of black to blue to red pens is 5:2:1, respectively. If there are a total of 40 pens in his drawer, how many blue pens does Ming have? a. 2 b. 5 c. 10 d. 20

What aspect of the following diagram of Earth and the moon is MOST inaccurate? a. the proportion of the diameter of the moon to the diameter of Earth b. the relationship between the shapes of Earth and its moon c. the distance of the moon from Earth relative to its diameter d. the proportion of the circumference of the moon at its equator to the circumference of Earth at its equator

What is the product of the two smallest prime numbers greater than 10? a. 24 b. 132 c. 143 d. 187

What is the type of error in the following sentence? The island of Midway, a 2.4-square mile territory of the United States, is best known for their military and geographic importance about halfway between Japan and California. a. subject-verb agreement b. verb tense c. pronoun agreement d. adverb form

What is the value of 5^5 ? a. 2,500 b. 3,025 c. 3,125 d. 55,555

What is the value of the following expression? 10 + (18 - 4) × 3 a. 16 b. 42 c. 52 d. 72

What is the value of z in the following equation? 5(3z - 12) = 3(5 × 2) a. -2 b. 2 4/5 c. 6 d. 90

What is the volume of a rectangular solid if its length is 2, its width is 3, and its height is 5? a. 10 cubic units b. 15 cubic units c. 30 cubic units d. 38 cubic units

When the value of r is -5 in the equation shown, what is the value of q? 10q + 5 = r a. -45 b. -10 c. -1 d. 0

Which American innovation does NOT represent an important technological or agricultural advancement in the pre-Civil War era? a. invention of the cotton gin b. improvements to the mechanical reaper c. construction of the first airplane d. development of the first steamboat

Which explanation best describes the value for a student in indentifying the root of a vocabulary word? a. The root of a vocabulary provides essential context clues for meaning within a text. b. By identifying the root, a student can recognize other words that share the same ending sound. c. The root can help a student understand the core meaning of the vocabulary word. d. The root of a vocabulary word is the key to decoding the word's sound segmentation.

Which of the following best defines a peninsula? a. a land area with access to ample freshwater b. a series of islands formed tectonically c. a land mass surrounded by water on three sides d. a landlocked state or nation

Which of the following does NOT include examples of narrative writing? a. Short story, novel, and epic b. Sonnet, ode, and ballad c. Essay, directions, and editorial d. Legend, elegy, and tragedy

Which of the following economic measures is NOT indicative of a recession in the economic system? a. negative GDP growth b. decrease in capacity utilization c. reduced unemployment rates d. decreased consumer spending

Which of the following events represents an example of kinetic energy? a. A bike rider prepares to head downhill from the top of a slope. b. A cannonball is loaded into a cannon and loaded with gunpowder. c. An apple falls to the ground from an apple tree. d. A pair of shoes rests on the ground

Which of the following events triggered United States involvment in the World War II conflict? a. the German invasion of Poland b. the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand c. the attack on Pearl Harbor d. the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima

Which of the following groups reached the Americas before the others? a. Christopher Columbus and his expedition b. the Pilgrims from England c. the Vikings from Scandinavia d. Ponce de Leon and his expedition

Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change? a. A piece of paper is cut into hundreds of pieces. b. An iceberg melts into the ocean. c. An apple rots on a kitchen table. d. Liquid mercury is boiled to a gas.

Which of the following is a device that converts stored chemical energy into moving energy of electrons running through a wire? a. telescope b. gyroscope c. battery d. prism

Which of the following is associated with physical anthropology? a. the development of the written language b. the discovery of early stone tools c. the development of the human body d. the study of religion, traditions, and beliefs

Which of the following is the greatest common factor of 15 and 75? a. 3 b. 5 c. 15 d. 75

Which of the following produce(s) energy through the process of photosynthesis? a. I only b. II only c. II and III only d. I, II, and III

Which of the following produces oxygen? a. phytoplankton b. amphibians c. mammals d. zooplankton

Which of the following scientific advancements had the greatest effect on the eradication of smallpox? a. the increasingly popular use of antibacterial gels and liquids b. the forced isolation of patients infected with the disease c. the advent and mass production of a smallpox vaccine d. the destruction of the smallpox environment through radiation

Which of the following statements provides the best reason to have young students read nonfiction texts? a. They expose students to a wide variety of literary devices. b. Students enjoy playful stories such as those with talking animals. c. They help teach students about the world around them. d. They are much easier to read than fiction texts.

Which of the following values can NOT be expressed as an integer? a. -5 b. 0 c. 0.5 d. 5/1

Which of the following was NOT a reason why Christopher Columbus sailed west from Spain in 1492? a. Columbus wanted to find a more efficient trade route to India. b. The Spanish king and queen wanted to enter the profitable spice trade. c. Columbus wanted to discover a new trading partner with which to exchange European goods. d. Tensions between Christian Europeans and the Islamic kingdoms of the Middle East made overland travel dangerous.

Which part of the following sentence contains an error? The decision to rest his best player weighed heavy on the manager's shoulders. a. to rest b. weighed c. heavy d. manager's

Which statement is NOT true for all mammals, without exception? a. Mammals are warm-blooded. b. Mammals have a backbone. c. Mammals give birth to live young. d. Mammals have hair

Which type of text is most often told from the first-person point of view? a. fable b. short story c. memoir d. fantasy

While Pablo Picasso became perhaps the greatest painter of the twentieth century with his surreal and abstract images, Chuck Close established his greatness with an uncanny ability to recreate the detail of a photograph with paint. An American painter, Close created large-scale portraits that appeared to be as accurate as photographs, even when viewed from a close vantage point. This genre of painting is understandably referred to as photo-realism. Close suffered a paralyzing event in 1988 that left him wheelchair bound with limited mobility of his hands and arms. Using a brush strapped to his wrist, Close continued to create lifelike portraits using larger strokes within grids, similar to pixilation. Viewed from up close, his modern works may appear haphazard, though the effect of photo-reality can be observed from farther away. Close's paintings since 1988 are different but no less astounding than his earlier works. The paralysis merely challenged him to rethink his artistic process Which best describes the function of the last sentence of the passage? a. to show that a disability does not have to end an artist's career b. to provide details that show the difficulties Close faced as an artist in a wheelchair c. to explain that Close's paralysis shifted the artist's style but not his talent d. to describe the processes that Close needed to invent to continue his profession

While bodies of water separate most of the continents, the people in Europe and Asia have been separated by a. Russia. b. the prime meridian. c. the Ural Mountains. d. the Red Sea.

Who was the civil rights activist who helped to inspire the Montgomery Bus Boycott by refusing to vacate a seat to a white passenger on the bus? a. Martin Luther King, Jr. b. Jim Crow c. Rosa Parks d. Malcolm X

x f(x) 5 14 7 20 9 26 11 Which number is missing from the function table shown here? a. 20 b. 28 c. 32 d. 34

. A U.S. senator who served for three full terms spent how many years in the Senate? a. 3 b. 6 c. 12 d. 18

. A student is unfamiliar with a word in a book. Which of the following would NOT help a student decipher its meaning? a. analyzing the prefix or suffix of the word b. looking up the word in a dictionary c. reading the few lines before and after the word d. identifying literary devices in the sentence

. The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world, so large that it splits the continent of Africa into two regions, which lie a. in the countries of North Africa and South Africa. b. east or west of the Sahara. c. on opposite sides of the Nile River. d. within and north of the Sahara or south of the Sahara

. The expansive stretch of land between the east and west coasts of Australia is largely uninhabited by people because of a. dangerous dingo populations. b. jails set up in the areas. c. overgrazing from farm animals. d. low and inconsistent rainfall.

. The figure shown here is rotated so that it looks exactly the same. Which of the following degrees of rotation could the figure have been rotated? a. 90° b. 142° c.180° d. 288°

. Which is the best way to improve the comprehension of a speech for English language learners? a. Avoid eye contact. b. Speak more quickly. c. Include a series of directions. d. Include visual aids.

. Which of the following shows the life cycle of a butterfly in correct chronological order? a. egg, pupa, larva, adult b. adult, pupa, larva, egg c. egg, larva, adult, pupa d. egg, larva, pupa, adult

1 My brother and I both have short, brown, curly 2 hair. We're both about the same height. We 3 both enjoy sandwiches. But the similarities end 4 there. Last weekend was one of the most 5 beautiful weekends of the year. Between riding 6 my bike around town, walking to my friend's 7 house, and playing roller hockey, I spent a total 8 of three minutes indoors throughout the entire 9 weekend. I don't even know whether my 10 brother left the living room. He told me he's 11 enjoying his new book about arachnids. I can't 12 even look at a spider; the last thing in the world 13 I'd want to do is spend a beautiful weekend 14 reading about them. Of course, the fact that 15 he's a pale-faced spider nerd doesn't make me 16 love him any less. He's my brother, after all. Which best describes the organization of the passage? a. cause and effect b. chronological order c. order of importance d. compare and contrast

1 My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; 2 Coral is far more red than her lips' red 3 If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; 4 If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. 5 I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, 6 But no such roses see I in her cheeks; 7 And in some perfumes is there more delight 8 Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. 9 I love to hear her speak, yet well I know 10 That music hath a far more pleasing sound; 11 I grant I never saw a goddess go; 12 My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground : 13 And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare 1 4 As any she belied with false compare. —William Shakespeare This poem is an example of a a. cinquain. b. haiku. c. limerick. d. sonnet

4. The wavelength of a microwave is approximately 1 centimeter. Which of the following lengths could represent the wavelength of a radio wave? a. 0.1 millimeter b. 0.5 centimeter c. 1 centimeter d. 1 mile

6CO2 + 12H2O + energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H20 What reaction is summarized in the box? a. respiration b. oxidation c. fermentation d. photosynthesis

A K-W-L chart is an effective tool to aid in a student's comprehension. What does the "W" stand for in the acronym? a. what I know b. why it is c. when it happened d. want to learn

A distance of 3 inches on a topographical map is equivalent to 100 miles. The distance between two mountain peaks on the map is 5 inches. Which is the most accurate length of the distance between the two mountain peaks? a. 60 miles b. 102 miles c. 160 miles d. 167 miles

A shoe shiner at the airport can shine a pair of shoes in 5 minutes. Which expression shows the number of pairs of shoes that he or she can shine in h hours? a. h/5 b. 5h c. 10h d. 12h

A teacher should consider each of the following attributes of speech when speaking to a group of students EXCEPT a. purpose. b. volume. c. tone. d. punctuation

A whole number is multiplied by an unknown real number. The product is a positive number less than 1. The unknown number must be a(n) a. integer. b. negative number greater than -1. c. decimal value with digits in the tenths and hundredths places. d. fraction with a denominator greater than its numerator.

According to Einstein's theory of relativity that connected mass to energy, energy is equivalent to a. mass times the speed of light. b. mass times velocity. c. mass plus half the speed of light. d. mass times the speed of light squared

After invading in 1066 CE, Duke William of Normandy introduced which of the following systems of land ownership to England? a. communal property b. land grants c. cash tenancy d. the feudal system

As a result of the Mexican-American War, the United States gained the Mexican territories of Alta California and Santa Fé de Nuevo México through the a. Adams-Onís Treaty. b. Treaty of San Francisco. c. Treaty of Alliance. d. Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo.

Aubrey wants to wear an outfit based on a pair of shoes, a pair of pants, and a top. She has 4 different pairs of shoes, 5 different pairs of pants, and 8 different tops to choose from. How many possible outfits can she wear consisting of one pair of shoes, one pair of pants, and one top? a. 17 b. 28 c. 80 d. 160

During the 1950s, Joseph McCarthy, a U.S. senator, used prolonged investigations to question many members of the entertainment industry and political world about a. their participation in the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC). b. their service against the Japanese in World War II. c. different rock-and-roll groups. d. their suspected role in the Communist Party.

During the Apollo 15 mission, an astronaut on the moon conducted an experiment by dropping a hammer and a feather at the same time. Both the hammer and the feather hit the surface of the moon at the same time. Which is a reasonable conclusion that can be made from the astronaut's experiment? a. The feather and the hammer have the same mass. b. The gravitational force on the moon is less than that on Earth. c. Distance from the sun affects the way an object falls. d. Objects fall at the same rate regardless of mass.

Each year millions of Muslims travel to Mecca for an annual pilgrimage called a Hajj. In which country is Mecca located? a. Egypt b. India c. Iraq d. Saudi Arabia

First, later, immediately following, and soon after are all signal words for expository text that a. shows cause and effect. b. compares and contrasts. c. provides a description. d. denotes a chronological order.

For about 47 years, from 1912 to 1959, the official design of the United States flag did not change. How many stars did the flag have during this period? a. 47 b. 48 c. 49 d. 50

How many inches are there in a yard? a. 3 b. 12 c. 30 d. 36

Identify the word or phrase in the following sentence that represents an error: The three most preferred activities in gym class are basketball, gymnastics, and playing dodgeball. a. most preferred b. gym class c. are d. playing

If 2m + 22 = 6n, what is the value of m in terms of n? a. 3n + 11 b. 6n - 11 c. 6n + 22 d. 3n - 11

In Robert Frost's poem "The Road Not Taken," the forked road represents choices in life. The road in the poem's title is an example of a a. personification. b. metaphor. c. simile. d. symbol

In the following graph, the y-axis depicts the percentage of a population who are 15% greater than their recommended body weight. Which statement can be proven from the graph? a. In Spain, a greater percentage of men are overweight as compared to women. b. In the United States, women are overweight by a greater percentage of their recommended body weight than women in France. c. Fewer men are overweight in Spain than in France. d. In the United States, a greater percentage of women are overweight than men.

In the number 3,756.192, which number is in the hundredths place? a. 2 b. 5 c. 7 d. 9

On July 20, 1969, the United States became the first country to land a man on the moon. What was the name of the first American astronaut to walk on the moon? a. Buzz Aldrin b. John Glenn c. Alan Shepherd d. Neil Armstrong

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. "'Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door— Only this, and nothing more." Which rhyme scheme does Poe use for this stanza of his poem, not considering any internal rhyme? a. ABCABC b. ABCDDD c. ABCBAB d. ABCBBB

The Indus River Valley and the Mesopotamia River Valley are alike in that they both a. house tributaries of the Yellow River. b. were inhabited by Pharaohs. c. contain rivers that have not been dammed. d. were home to ancient civilizations.

The author Samuel Clemens used the pseudonym Mark Twain. The prefix pseudoin the word pseudonym means a. magic. b. temporary. c. mistaken. d. false

The chemical compound carbon dioxide, one of the greenhouse gases responsible for climate change, has which of the following chemical formulas? a. H2O b. C2O c. C2O2 d. CO2

The construction of the Hoover Dam in the early 1900s was most important for the development of the American West because it a. prevented the annual flooding of Lake Mead. b. encouraged the growth of the populations of several native fish. c. created a route for automobiles to cross the Colorado River. d. provided electric power to the western states.

The cost of a family dinner was $42.50, not including a tip. With the tip, the family paid $50.15. What percentage of the original cost of the dinner did the family leave for a tip? a. 0.18% b. 7.65% c. 15% d. 18%

The cost of fruits and vegetables in Japan can be higher than in other countries. The best explanation for this is that a. the country does not possess the technology to harvest the fruits and vegetables efficiently. b. the seeds for the fruits and vegetables do not exist on the island nation of Japan. c. not much land is available for crops, so Japan must import the fruits and vegetables from other places. d. the Japanese population does not eat the same fruits and vegetables as people do in other countries, so they are specialty items.

The economic principles of laissez-faire state that a government should a. prevent industrial monopolies from developing. b. provide healthcare to all of its citizens. c. tax its wealthier residents at a higher rate. d. allow industry to bloom without intervention.

The elected officials of a township are considering passing a bill that would convert some natural land in the town into a series of condominiums. This would help the town to generate revenue, which could be used to support the town library. Some of the students in a classroom feel strongly that the loss of the natural land would not be worth the short term financial gain for the town. The students intend to write a letter to the elected officials in their town to express their position on the possible bill. What type of letter should the students work to create? a. fictional b. expository c. narrative d. persuasive

The first four numbers of a pattern are 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, and 1/16. If the pattern is continued, what will be the denominator of the tenth term? a. 1 b. 64 c. 512 d. 1,024

The mantle of Earth can be described as a. the metallic core. b. containing hot, melted rock. c. the surface of Earth. d. primarily mineral in content.

The numbers shown are the first four terms of a number pattern. The pattern is created by finding the sum of the previous two terms. What is the seventh term in the pattern? 1, 2, 3, 5, . . . a. 8 b. 13 c. 19 d. 21

Three points of a rectangle on a coordinate grid have ordered pairs of (-2,7), (6,4), and (-2,4). Which must be the ordered pair of the fourth point of the square? a. (7,6) b. (2,-7) c. (-6,7) d. (6,7)

West Germany and East Germany were reunified to form the modern-day nation of Germany as a result of which of the following twentieth-century developments? a. the invasion of the Soviet Union b. the rise of the Third Reich c. the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte d. the dismantling of the Iron Curtain

What is the minimum age to be eligible to be U.S. president, according to the constitution? a. 18 b. 25 c. 30 d. 35

What is the most beneficial reason to include video screens in a classroom? a. The teacher can relax while he or she is screening a video. b. All students prefer to watch videos in a classroom. c. Video screens are the most dependable medium for learning. d. A video may aid students' understanding of a certain topic.

What is the primary function of the nucleus of a cell? a. act as a protective wall b. pack proteins for export to other cells c. digest organic material d. house the DNA of the cell

What is the value of 3^5 ? a. 15 b. 53 c. 81 d. 243

What is the value of the following expression? 20 - (15 - 6) ÷ 3 a. -1/3 b. 3 c. - 11/3 d. 17

Which American state was created as a result of volcanic activity? a. Florida b. Alaska c. California d. Hawaii

Which digit is in the hundredths place in the following decimal? 438.591 a. 1 b. 4 c. 5 d. 9

Which event signaled the end of the War of 1812? a. William Hull invaded Canada. b. Andrew Jackson defeated the British in the Battle of New Orleans. c. The Creeks surrendered to Andrew Jackson after the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. d. The United States Senate ratified the Treaty of Ghent

Which geographic term best describes the 17,508 islands that comprise the nation of Indonesia? a. peninsula b. isthmus c. shoal d. archipelago

Which is the best explanation for why a ripe banana appears yellow when viewed in sunlight? a. The banana absorbs the yellow light and reflects all other frequencies of visible light. b. The sunlight provides only a yellow range of visible light, which is then reflected by the banana. c. The air in between the banana and the viewer scatters all wavelengths of visible light except yellow. d. The banana reflects the yellow light and absorbs all other frequencies of visible light

Which is the thickest layer of Earth? a. the crust b. the inner core c. the outer core d. the mantle

Which layer of Earth's atmosphere contains enough oxygen for human beings to survive? a. exosphere b. stratosphere c. mesosphere d. troposphere

Which number is missing from the function table? x f(x) 1.5 12 2.5 20 3.5 28 5 a. 36 b. 36.5 c. 38 d. 40

Which of the following actions for a classroom library would least encourage the students in the class to use and enjoy the library? a. involving the students in the organization of the books in the library b. including as many appropriate books as possible, including copies of the popular books c. displaying the books so that the covers are visible, changing the display periodically d. providing only leveled books based on the reading abilities of the students

Which of the following atmospheric conditions is most likely to form a tornado? a. cirrus clouds b. a contrail cloud c. cool, dry air d. a supercell

Which of the following do human beings produce from sunlight? a. vitamin A b. vitamin B1 c. vitamin C d. vitamin D

Which of the following does NOT represent a physical change? a. A sugar tablet is dissolved in a cup of water. b. A glass is shattered into hundreds of pieces. c. The temperature of oxygen is lowered to form a liquid fuel. d. Vinegar is mixed with baking soda, creating bubbles.

Which of the following is NOT a prime number? a. 2 b. 11 c. 29 d. 51

Which of the following is a negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of the atom? a. molecule b. neutron c. proton d. electron

Which of the following is a possible solution for z in the following inequality? 4z + 8 > 16 - 4 a. -1 b. 0 c. 1 d. 2

Which of the following is a pure substance, as opposed to a mixture? a. blood b. soil c. wood d. copper

Which of the following is an example of a simple sentence? a. Damien took the poster off his wall, and then he rolled it into a tube. b. After eating lunch, Lori waited 30 minutes before jumping into the pool. c. Because I am so incredibly tired. d. Christina worked 15 hours of overtime last week at the grocery store.

Which of the following is the least effective behavior for improved listening? a. repeating a speaker's words b. evaluating the tone and volume of the speaker c. sitting upright if seated, and remaining focused d. remaining completely still and quiet

Which of the following must have exactly five lines? a. haiku b. sonnet c. couplet d. limerick

Which of the following number sentences shows the associative property? a. (5 + 8) + 2 > 5 + (8 + 2) b. 5 + 8 + 2 < 5 + 8 + 2 c. 5 + 8 + 2 = 2 + 5 + 8 d. 5 + (8 + 2) = (5 + 8) + 2

Which of the following sentences can be described as interrogative? a. The color of the truck was darker than the car. b. Watch out that you don't burn yourself! c. Even though Jackson had never tried it. d. Why did the bird fly away from the tree?

Which of the following terms can NOT be used to describe a plant? a. autotroph b. producer c. photosynthetic organism d. herbivore

Which of the lines on the following graph best represents how a demand curve affects price in economics? a. line A b. line B c. line C d. line D

Which organ is most associated with its role in the excretory system of a human being? a. stomach b. heart c. esophagus d. kidney

Which part of a story most likely occurs at point 3 on the diagram? a. resolution b. complication c. exposition d. climax

Which president was known for using the political slogan "Speak softly and carry a big stick"? a. Harry S Truman b. Franklin D. Roosevelt c. John F. Kennedy d. Theodore Roosevelt

Which process was most directly responsible for the creation of the Grand Canyon? a. natural selection b. plate tectonic shifting c. magnetic striping d. erosion

Which process yields four gametes, each containing half the chromosome number of the parent cell? a. morphogenesis b. mitosis c. metamorphosis d. meiosis

Which provides the best explanation for the decade of the 1920s in the United States being referred to as the "Roaring Twenties"? a. It was defined by a rise in popularity of zoos and the introduction of exotic creatures, including lions. b. Wartime attacks included thunderous raids that affected large segments of urban populations. c. The Wall Street Crash forced millions out of work and into an economic depression. d. Economic boom times provided a setting for cultural, technological, and artistic dynamism.

Which solid figure can be constructed from the net shown? a. pentagonal prism b. triangular prism c. square pyramid d. triangular pyramid

Which state has a population density of at least 250 people per square mile for the greatest percentage of its land? a. California b. Alaska c. New York d. New Jersey

While Pablo Picasso became perhaps the greatest painter of the twentieth century with his surreal and abstract images, Chuck Close established his greatness with an uncanny ability to recreate the detail of a photograph with paint. An American painter, Close created large-scale portraits that appeared to be as accurate as photographs, even when viewed from a close vantage point. This genre of painting is understandably referred to as photo-realism. Close suffered a paralyzing event in 1988 that left him wheelchair bound with limited mobility of his hands and arms. Using a brush strapped to his wrist, Close continued to create lifelike portraits using larger strokes within grids, similar to pixilation. Viewed from up close, his modern works may appear haphazard, though the effect of photo-reality can be observed from farther away. Close's paintings since 1988 are different but no less astounding than his earlier works. The paralysis merely challenged him to rethink his artistic process. The author's purpose in writing the first sentence of the passage is to provide the readers with a a. solution. b. definition. c. comparison. d. contrast.

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