Pre-lab: Invertebrate Animals

Many animals can be categorized as either protostomes and deuterostomes based on certain features of their embryonic development. Determine whether each of the following terms applies to only protostomes, only deuterostomes, both protostomes and deuterostomes, or neither. Drag each item to the appropriate bin. To review protostome and deuterostome characteristics, see the Hints.

Protosome: Mouth from blastosphere; Spiral, determinate cleavage; coelum from solid masses of mesoderm Deuterostome: Anus from blastosphere; radial, indeterminate cleavage; coelum from folds of archenteron Both: Tripoblast Neither: Diploblast

Nematodes and arthropods are the largest ecdysozoan phyla. Which of the following statements are true?

-Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle. -Arthropods possess an open circulatory system. -Some nematodes are parasitic on humans. -Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size. -Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages.

Which type of symmetry does each of the following animals display? Drag each picture to the appropriate bin.

Asymmetry: SpongeRadial Symmetry: Jelly, HydraBilateral Symmetry: Bobcat, Turtle, Snake, Octopus

Animal tissues develop from embryonic germ layers. Triploblastic animals have three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) and three basic body plans related to body cavities (acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, and coelomate).

A diploblast has no mesoderm. In a coelomate, the tissue lining the inner side of the body cavity arises from the same germ layer as the tissue lining the outer side of the body cavity. A pseudocoelom has the same functions as a true coelom.

The phylum Arthropoda includes four major lineages: cheliceriforms (also called chelicerates); myriapods; insects and their relatives (together called hexapods); and crustaceans. Drag each word or phrase to the appropriate bin.

Chelicaeriforms: Arachnids, Horseshoe Crab, Possess Clawlike Feeding Appendages Myriapods: Millipedes and Centipedes, Exclusively Terrestrial Insects: Butterfly, Wings allow Flight, Body divided into Head, Thorax, and Abdomen,Three pairs of walking legs Crustaceans: Primarily Aquatic,Crabs and Isopods,Two pairs of Antennae

18. Insects are the most diverse group of organisms, in terms of numbers of species, dominating terrestrial habitats. More than 30 orders of insects have been described, with the order Coleoptera being the largest. Classification is based on traits such as wings and mouthparts. All insects have a three-part body plan consisting of a head, thorax, and abdomen; three pairs of walking legs; and one or two pairs of wings. The chart below indicates defining characteristics for eight of the more than 30 orders of insects.Complete the chart by following these steps:Drag blue labels onto blue targets only to identify wing characteristics. Drag white labels onto white targets only to identify the type of development.Drag pink labels onto pink targets only to identify examples of insects in each order.

Coleoptera: Hard forewings protect membranous hindwings, Complete metamorphosis, Beetles Diptera: Hindwings reduced to stabilizers, Complete metamorphosis, Flies Hemiptera: Thick forewings (except at tips), Incomplete metamorphosis, "True Bugs" Hymenoptera: Membranous forewings and hindwings, Complete metamorphosis, Ants, Bees, Wasps Lepidoptera: Wings have scales, Complete metamorphosis, Butterflies, Moths Orthoptera: One pair leathery, one pair membranous, Incomplete metamorphosis, Grasshopper, crickets Trichoptera: Hairy wings, Complete metamorphosis, Caddisflies