Prelude to Programming: Chapter 2
Base 10 System
What type of system is the decimal system?
Absolute value
The value of the number without its sign
0-9/A-F
What are the hexadecimal digits?
Positive/zero/negative mix
What does it mean when integers are said to be signed?
All nonnegative
What does it mean when integers are said to be unsigned?
000000
What hexadecimal digit represents the color black?
0000FF
What hexadecimal digit represents the color blue?
00FF00
What hexadecimal digit represents the color green?
FF0000
What hexadecimal digit represents the color red?
FFFFFF
What hexadecimal digit represents the color white?
0001
What is 1 in binary?
1010
What is 10 in binary?
A
What is 10 in hexadecimal?
1011
What is 11 in binary?
B
What is 11 in hexadecimal?
1100
What is 12 in binary?
C
What is 12 in hexadecimal?
1101
What is 13 in binary?
D
What is 13 in hexadecimal?
1110
What is 14 in binary?
E
What is 14 in hexadecimal?
1111
What is 15 in binary?
F
What is 15 in hexadecimal?
0010
What is 2 in binary?
0011
What is 3 in binary?
0100
What is 4 in binary?
0101
What is 5 in binary?
0110
What is 6 in binary?
0111
What is 7 in binary?
1000
What is 8 in binary?
1001
What is 9 in binary?
Bit
What is a single binary digit called?
5
What is the base in the following: 5^2
Hexadecimal Notation
A number system that uses 16 digits to represent numbers; also called a base 16 number system
2
What is the exponent in the following: 5^2
Binary System
A system in which numbers are represented using only the digits 0 and 1
Two's complement
A system used in some computers to represent negative numbers in binary. Each bit of the number is inverted (zeros are replaced with ones and vice versa), as for ones complement, but then one (000...0001) is added (ignoring overflow). This avoids the two representations for zero found in ones complement by using all ones to represent -1.
Expanded Notation
A way of writing numbers in which the numbers are written to show the place value of each digit (639 = 600 + 30 + 9)
Hexadecimal System
Base-16 number system. Hexadecimal numbers are written with sixteen digits, 0-9 and A-F, with power-of-16 positional multipliers
Base 10 System
A number system in which all numbers are expressed using the digits 0-9
two-eight-A
How is 28A read in the hexadecimal system?
4
How many bits are in a single hexadecimal digit?
10
In binary, what is 1 plus 1?
110
In binary, what is 101 + 1?
100
In binary, what is 11 + 1?
One's complement method
In this method, positive integers are represented as the would be in sign-and-magnitude format. The leftmost bit is still used to represent the sign (i.e. -,+)
Range
The span of numbers, from the smallest to the largest, that can be represented
Binary Notation
This handles enormous strings of data, which is all represented in 0's and 1's
Binary point
This has the same function as a point. The only difference is that this is used with binary numbers
Magnitude
This is a number's absolute value
Point
This is the name of the dot between the integer and the fraction
Floating point number
This number has both an integer part and a fractional part
Unsigned form of an integer
This occurs when 0's are added to the left of a number in order to fill up the memory needed for a memory location
Sign and magnitude format
This provides a way to represent negative integers. The left-most bit represents the symbol (i.e. -, +)
Decimal System
This system uses a base of 10
Complement
To do this to a binary digit, you change a 1 to a 0, or a 0 to a 1
Negative
When an exponent is in the denominator of a fraction, it is considered to be a ________ exponent.
Overflow
When an unsigned integer that is bigger than the maximum unsigned value that can be handled by the computer is attempted to be stored, this condition occurs