Prep U - Inflammation
The nurse is providing care for a client who has experienced a type I hypersensitivity reaction. What client is having this type of reaction? A client with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis An older adult with rheumatoid arthritis A client with a skin reaction resulting from adhesive tape A child with an anaphylactic reaction after a bee sting
A child with an anaphylactic reaction after a bee sting
Which type of healing occurs when the edges are not approximated and the wound fills with granulation tissue? First intention Cellular necrosis Third intention Second intention
Second intention
When caring for the patient with acute glomerulonephritis, which of the following assessment findings should the nurse anticipate? Pyuria Low blood pressure Left upper quadrant pain Tea-colored urine
Tea-colored urine
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with pericarditis. What serious complication should this patient be monitored for? Decreased venous pressure Cardiac tamponade Hypertension Left ventricular hypertrophy
Cardiac tamponade
The nurse is providing instruction to a client with acne. The nurse promotes avoidance of which food(s)? Select all that apply. Chocolate Ice cream Onions Bananas
Chocolate Ice cream
Which is an accurate statement regarding cancer of the esophagus? It is three times more common in women than men in the United States. Chronic irritation of the esophagus is a known risk factor. It usually occurs in the fourth decade of life. It is seen more frequently in Caucasian Americans than in African Americans.
Chronic irritation of the esophagus is a known risk factor.
Which of the following is the most frequent route of exposure to a latex allergy? Cutaneous Inhalation Mucosal Parenteral
Cutaneous
A client with severe acute pancreatitis has a glucose level of 750 mg/dL. What does the nurse understand is the cause of this level of hyperglycemia? The client has diabetes as well as pancreatitis. The client has not been taking the insulin and eating simple carbohydrates. Imbalance of glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin Increase in circulating calcium
Imbalance of glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin
Ralph Wilson, is a 52-year-old client in the hospital unit where you practice nursing. He is being treated for myocarditis. Which of the following nursing interventions should you perform to reduce cardiac workload in a client with myocarditis? Elevate the client's head Maintain the client on bed rest Eliminate all phone calls and visitors Administer a prescribed antipyretic
Maintain the client on bed rest
The nurse is admitting a patient with COPD. The decrease of what substance in the blood gas analysis would indicate to the nurse that the patient is experiencing hypoxemia? PCO2 PaO2 HCO3 pH
PaO2
A client exhibits a sudden and complete loss of voice and is coughing. The nurse states "Do not use a humidifier; it will make your problem worse." "It is fine to speak in a whisper. This does not strain your voice." "The 'tickle' in your throat will improve with cold liquids." "Do not smoke and avoid being around others who are smoking."
"Do not smoke and avoid being around others who are smoking."
A 10-year-old client twisted an ankle playing soccer. The ankle can't support weight and has already begun to swell despite application of an ice pack. As part of the pain assessment, the nurse must determine the intensity of the client's pain. Which question will the nurse ask to obtain this information? "Do you feel the pain only in your ankle or does it hurt anywhere else?" "How long ago did you hurt your ankle?" "Tell me if it hurts when I touch your ankle here." "Which one of the faces on this card shows how much your ankle hurts?"
"Which one of the faces on this card shows how much your ankle hurts?"
A client is diagnosed as having serous otitis media. When describing this condition to the client, which of the following would be most accurate? "You have a common infection in one of the bones of your face." "You have some fluid that has collected in your middle ear but no infection." "It has resulted from the several recurrent episodes of acute otitis media you've had." "Your eardrum has ruptured because of the extreme pressure in your middle ear from the infection."
"You have some fluid that has collected in your middle ear but no infection."
A client is evaluated for severe pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant, which is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The physician diagnoses acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. For this client, which nursing diagnosis takes top priority? Deficient knowledge related to prevention of disease recurrence Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to biliary inflammation Anxiety related to unknown outcome of hospitalization Acute pain related to biliary spasms
Acute pain related to biliary spasms
The nurse is inserting a nasogastric tube for a patient with pancreatitis. What intervention can the nurse provide to allow facilitation of the tube insertion? Have the patient eat a cracker as the tube is being inserted. Have the patient maintain a backward tilt head position. Allow the patient to sip water as the tube is being inserted. Spray the oropharynx with an anesthetic spray.
Allow the patient to sip water as the tube is being inserted.
A client is diagnosed with uveitis. Which assessment finding is most important in determining likelihood of recurrence? Ankylosing spondylitis Extended contact use Chemical exposure Glaucoma
Ankylosing spondylitis
What are the two major processes involved in the inflammatory phase of wound healing? Collagen is remodeled, avascular scar forms. Blood clotting is initiated, WBCs move into the wound. Granulation tissue is formed, collagen is deposited. Bleeding is stimulated, epithelial cells are deposited.
Blood clotting is initiated, WBCs move into the wound.
A client received 2 units of packed red blood cells while in the hospital with rectal bleeding. Three days after discharge, the client experienced an allergic response and began to itch and break out with hives. What type of reaction does the nurse understand could be occurring? Anaphylactic reaction An immediate hypersensitivity response Sensitization Delayed hypersensitivity response
Delayed hypersensitivity response
You are caring for a 65-year-old male patient admitted to your unit 72 hours ago with pyloric stenosis. A nasogastric tube was placed upon admission and has been on low intermittent suction ever since. You notice that the patient's potassium is very low. What would you be concerned that the patient may be at risk for? Metabolic alkalosis Metabolic acidosis Hypercalcemia Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
To avoid the side effects of corticosteroids, which medication classification is used as an alternative to treating inflammatory conditions of the eyes? Cycloplegics Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Miotics Mydriatics
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
The nurse is monitoring a client's postoperative course after an appendectomy. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client has vomited, has abdominal tenderness and rigidity, and has tachycardia. The nurse reports to the physician that the client has signs/symptoms of which complication? Ileus Hemorrhage Peritonitis Pelvic abscess
Peritonitis
What intervention is a priority for a client diagnosed with osteoarthritis? Hydrotherapy Colchicine Allopurinol Physical therapy and exercise
Physical therapy and exercise
The period from infection with HIV to the development of antibodies to HIV is known as which of the following? Viral set point Anergy Primary infection Viral load
Primary infection
The nurse is teaching a client with allergic rhinitis about the safe and effective use of his medications. What would be the most essential information to give this client about preventing possible drug interactions? Prescription medications can be safely supplemented with OTC medications. Consult the internet before selecting an OTC medication. Read drug labels carefully before taking OTC medications. Use only one pharmacy so the pharmacist can check drug interactions.
Read drug labels carefully before taking OTC medications.
A client is admitted to the health care facility with abdominal pain, a low-grade fever, abdominal distention, and weight loss. The physician diagnoses acute pancreatitis. What is the primary goal of nursing care for this client? Relieving abdominal pain Teaching about the disease and its treatment Preventing fluid volume overload Maintaining adequate nutritional status
Relieving abdominal pain
A nurse has pharyngitis and will be providing self care at home. It is most important for the nurse to Stay in bed when experiencing a fever Place an ice collar on the throat to relieve soreness Properly dispose of used tissues Seek medical help if he experiences inability to swallow
Seek medical help if he experiences inability to swallow
The nurse is admitting a client to the medical-surgical unit after a diagnosis of cellulitis of the calf. What factors does the nurse know impact the processes of inflammation, repair, and replacement? Select all that apply. Nature of the injury Severity of the injury Familial support Social relationships Condition of the host
Severity of the injury Condition of the host Nature of the injury
A client asks a nurse, "What can I use to decrease my risk of exposure to HIV?" Which of the following would the nurse include as effective in reducing the risk of HIV exposure? Select all that apply. Polyurethane female condoms Sexual abstinence Lambskin condoms Latex male condoms Dental dams
Sexual abstinence Latex male condoms Polyurethane female condoms Dental dams
A nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with an exacerbation of chronic gastritis. What health promotion topic should the nurse emphasize? Safe technique for self-suctioning Techniques for positioning correctly to promote gastric healing Strategies for avoiding irritating foods and beverages Strategies for maintaining an alkaline gastric environment
Strategies for avoiding irritating foods and beverages
A patient is taking prednisone 60 mg per day for the treatment of an acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease. The patient has developed lymphopenia with a lymphocyte count of less than 1,500 mm3. What should the nurse monitor the client for? Diarrhea Abdominal pain The onset of a bacterial infection Bleeding
The onset of a bacterial infection
The nurse is caring for a patient with acute pancreatitis. The patient has an order for an anticholinergic medication. The nurse explains that the patient will be receiving that medication for what reason? To relieve nausea and vomiting To reduce gastric and pancreatic secretions To decrease metabolism To depress the central nervous system and increase the pain threshold
To reduce gastric and pancreatic secretions
It is cold season and the school nurse been asked to provide an educational event for the parent teacher organization of the local elementary school. What should the nurse include in teaching about the treatment of pharyngitis? There are no effective, evidence-based treatments for pharyngitis. Pharyngitis is more common in children whose immunizations are not up to date. Heat may increase the spasms in pharyngeal muscles. Use of warm saline gargles or throat irrigations can relieve symptoms.
Use of warm saline gargles or throat irrigations can relieve symptoms.
A nurse is preparing to examine a client with a suspected sinusitis. What is the most appropriate action the nurse should take before performing a physical examination? Assist the client to lay on the exam table. Put on gloves. Wash hands. Assess the client's height and weight.
Wash hands.
While auscultating the lungs of a client with asthma, the nurse hears a continuous, high-pitched whistling sound on expiration. The nurse will document this sound as which of the following? Rhonchi Wheezes Pleural friction rub Crackles
Wheezes
The nurse on a geriatric care unit is completing assessments of four clients. Which client is most likely to exhibit edema? an 81-year-old woman who has been admitted with chronic heart failure an 80-year-old woman who was admitted with a foot ulcer that is attributable to diabetes a 76-year-old man who is receiving treatment for a head injury and arm fracture suffered in a fall a 90-year-old man who will require surgery because of an enlarged prostate gland
an 81-year-old woman who has been admitted with chronic heart failure
If a client were to develop rheumatic carditis, which cardiac structure would most likely be affected? coronary arteries septum mitral valve inferior vena cava
mitral valve
The nurse is educating a patient with COPD about the technique for performing pursed-lip breathing. What does the nurse inform the patient is the importance of using this technique? It prolongs exhalation. It increases the respiratory rate to improve oxygenation. It will prevent the alveoli from overexpanding. It will assist with widening the airway.
It prolongs exhalation.
When the nurse is caring for a patient with acute pancreatitis, what intervention can be provided in order to prevent atelectasis and prevent pooling of respiratory secretions? Placing the patient in the prone position Perform chest physiotherapy Frequent changes of positions Suction the patient every 4 hours
Frequent changes of positions
A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group about hepatitis. Which of the following would the nurse include? Hepatitis C increases a person's risk for liver cancer. Hepatitis A is frequently spread by sexual contact. Hepatitis B is transmitted primarily by the oral-fecal route. Infection with hepatitis G is similar to hepatitis A.
Hepatitis C increases a person's risk for liver cancer.
The nurse is caring for a client who continues to have increasingly high intracranial pressure. Which complication is expected unless intracranial pressure is resolved? Herniation occurs through the foramen magnum. Blood vessels dilate circulating blood. Venous congestion occurs causing peripheral edema. Additional inflammation occurs in the brain.
Herniation occurs through the foramen magnum.
