PrepU Adult 2 Assignment 12

In a diagnosis of an upper urinary tract infection, which structures could be affected? Select all that apply.

-ureter -kidney

When fluid intake is normal, the specific gravity of urine should be:

1.010 to 1.025

Which term describes painful or difficult urination?

Dysuria

Retention of which electrolyte is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure?

Potassium

Which of the following is an age-related change associated with the renal system?

Renal arteries thicken

A client with a genitourinary problem is being examined in the emergency department. When palpating the client's kidneys, the nurse should keep in mind which anatomic fact?

The left kidney usually is slightly higher than the right one.

A client has undergone a renal biopsy. After the test, while the client is resting, the client complains of severe pain in the back, the arms, and the shoulders. In such a case, which of the following appropriate nursing interventions should be offered by the nurse?

Asses the patient's back and shoulder areas for signs of internal bleeding.

Following a renal biopsy, a client reports severe pain in the back, the arms, and the shoulders. Which intervention should be offered by the nurse?

Assess the patient's back and shoulder areas for signs of internal bleeding.

To obtain information about the chief complaint and medical history of an older male client, the nurse asks the client about his medication history. Why is it important to obtain medication history from the client?

Because the medication history may indicate multiple medications administered by the client

The nurse is caring for a client after a cystoscopic examination. Following the procedure, the nurse informs the client that which effect may occur?

Blood-tinged urine

A 24-year-old patient was admitted to the emergency room after a water skiing accident. The X-rays revealed two fractured vertebrae, T-12 and L1. Based on this information, the nurse would know to perform which of the following actions?

Check the patient's urine for hematuria.

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of sickle cell anemia. The nurse understands that this predisposes the client to which renal or urologic disorder?

Chronic kidney disease

A client develops decreased renal function and requires a change in antibiotic dosage. On which factor should the physician base the dosage change?

Creatinine clearance

The health care provider ordered four tests of renal function for a patient suspected of having renal disease. Which of the four is the most sensitive indicator?

Creatinine clearance level

Which term best describes a total urine output less than 500 mL in 24 hours?

Oliguria

A client undergoes renal angiography. The nurse prepares the client for the test and provides postprocedure care. Which intervention should the nurse provide to the client after renal angiography?

Palpate the pulses in the legs and feet

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Renin

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to the client following a bladder ultrasound. Which statement by the client indicates the client understands the instructions?

"I can resume my usual activities without restriction."

Which value represents a normal BUN-to-creatinine ratio?

10:1

The normal urine pH range should be:

4.6 to 8.0.

Which substance stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells?

Erythropoietin

The nurse is completing a routine urinalysis using a dipstick. The test reveals an increased specific gravity. The nurse should suspect which condition?

Decreased fluid intake

A creatinine clearance test is ordered for a client with possible renal insufficiency. The nurse must collect which serum concentration midway through the 24-hour urine collection?

Creatinine

Regulation of electrolyte balance is a management goal for patients suffering from renal disease. Which of the following lab results is considered the most life-threatening effect of renal failure?

Hyperkalemia

The nurse is providing instructions to the client prior to an intravenous pyelogram. Which statement by the client indicates teaching was effective?

"I will feel a warm sensation as the dye is injected."

A 24-hour urine collection is scheduled to begin at 8:00 am. When should the nurse initiate the procedure?

After discarding the 8:00 am specimen

A 32-year-old client is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography and you are in the midst of completing client education about the procedure and post-procedural assessments. What post-procedural assessment will you perform on the client?

All options are correct

A client is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography. What postprocedural assessment will the nurse perform on the client?

All options are correct.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been NPO for 2 days pending a diagnostic procedure that has been repeated cancelled. When evaluating this patient's urinalysis, what would the nurse anticipate?

An increased urine specific gravity

A creatinine clearance test has been ordered. The nurse prepares to:

Collect the client's urine for 24 hours.

The nurse discusses a care plan with a male patient who is to be discharged after a biopsy. He is instructed to maintain limited activity and report signs of systemic infection, urinary tract infection, or bleeding. Which additional instructions should the nurse include in the care plan?

Complete the prophylactic antibiotic therapy.

Which nursing assessment finding indicates the client has not met expected outcomes?

The client voids 75 cc four hours post cystoscopy.

Which value does the nurse recognize as the best clinical measure of renal function?

Creatinine clearance

A nurse, when caring for a client, notes that the specific gravity of the client's urine is low. What could have led to the low specific gravity of urine?

Excess fluid intake

A 42-year-old client is being seen by an urologist in the group where you practice nursing. She is experiencing some secretion abnormalities, for which diagnostics are being performed. Which of the following substances are typically reabsorbed and not secreted in urine?

Glucose

The nurse observes that the client's urine is orange. Which additional assessment would be important for this client?

Intake of medication such as phenytoin

To obtain information about the chief report and medical history of an older client, the nurse asks the client about any medication history. Why is obtaining a medication history important?

It may indicate multiple medications taken by the client.

Which is an effect of aging on upper and lower urinary tract function?

More prone to develop hypernatremia

Urine specific gravity is a measurement of the kidney's ability to concentrate and excrete urine. The specific gravity measures urine concentration by measuring the density of urine and comparing it with the density of distilled water. Which is an example of how urine concentration is affected?

On a hot day, a person who is perspiring profusely and taking little fluid has low urine output with a high specific gravity.

A client is scheduled for a renal arteriogram. When the nurse checks the chart for allergies to shellfish or iodine, she finds no allergies recorded. The client is unable to provide the information. During the procedure, the nurse should be alert for which finding that may indicate an allergic reaction to the dye used during the arteriogram?

Pruritus

A 32-year-old flight attendant is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography and you are in the midst of completing client education about the procedure. The client asks what the angiography will reveal. What is your response, as her nurse?

Renal circulation

The nurse is aware, when caring for patients with renal disease, that which substance made in the glomeruli directly controls blood pressure?

Renin

The nurse is reviewing the client's urinalysis results. The finding that is most suggestive of dehydration of the client is:

Specific gravity 1.035

A client in a short-procedure unit is recovering from renal angiography in which a femoral puncture site was used. When providing postprocedure care, the nurse should:

check the client's pedal pulses frequently.

A client is experiencing some secretion abnormalities, for which diagnostics are being performed. Which substance is typically reabsorbed and not secreted in urine?

glucose

A client is having a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test. BUN level is:

increased in renal disease and urinary obstruction.

A client is reporting hematuria, or the presence of red blood cells in the urine. What is not a cause of hematuria?

lithium toxicity

A client with a history of bladder retention hasn't voided for 8 hours. A nurse concerned that the client is retaining urine notifies the physician. He orders a bladder ultrasonic scan and placement of an indwelling catheter if the residual urine is greater than 350 mL. The nurse knows that using the bladder ultrasonic scan to measure residual urine instead of placing a straight catheter reduces the risk of:

microorganism transfer.

The nurse is caring for a client who reports orange urine. The nurse suspects which factor as the cause of the urine discoloration?

phenazopyridine hydrochloride

A client is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography. This test will reveal details about:

renal circulation.