Preschooler Prep U questions

The father of a preschool boy reports concerns about the short stature of his son. The nurse reviews the child's history and notes the child is 4 years old and is presently 41 in (104 cm) tall and has grown 2.5 in (6.35 cm) in the past year. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? "Your son is slightly below the normal height for his age group but may still grow to be a normal height in the coming year." "Is there a reason you are concerned about your child's height?" "Your son is slightly below the normal height for his age but he had demonstrated a normal growth rate this year." "Both your son's height and rate of growth are within normal limits for his age."

"Both your son's height and rate of growth are within normal limits for his age."

A nurse is teaching a group of parents of preschoolers about safety. Which information would the nurse include? Select all that apply. "Do not allow your child to approach strange dogs." "Allow your child to ride in the front seat of the car." "Role-model bicycle safety by wearing a helmet too." "Do not refer to medicines as candy."

"Do not refer to medicines as candy." "Do not allow your child to approach strange dogs." "Have your child hold hands with a grown-up in parking lots." "Role-model bicycle safety by wearing a helmet too." Explanation: Appropriate safety measures include not referring to medicines as candy, not allowing the child to approach strange dogs, having the child continue to ride in the back seat of the car, ensuring that the child holds an adult's hand when in parking lots, and role-modeling bicycle safety by wearing a helmet themselves.

The parents of a 5-year-old boy tell the nurse that their son is having frequent episodes of night terrors. Which statement would indicate that the boy is having nightmares instead of night terrors? "It usually happens about an hour after he falls asleep." "He is completely unaware that we are there." "When we try to comfort him, he screams even more." "He will tell us about what happened in his dream."

"He will tell us about what happened in his dream." - During nightmares they can recall their dreams and they awaken at night vs night terrors they are not awake they will appear so but they will not be able to recall their dreams. Best thing to do with night terrors is let them sleep through it.

The nurse is preparing to conduct a health history with the parents of a preschool-age child admitted for an appendectomy. Which questions should the nurse plan to use to learn more about the child's ability to manage pain? Select all that apply. "How does your child usually react to pain?" "How do you know when your child is in pain?" "Does your child use pain as a control mechanism?" "What do you do for your child when your child is hurting?" "Are you concerned about addiction to pain medication?"

"How does your child usually react to pain?" "How do you know when your child is in pain?" "What do you do for your child when your child is hurting?"

During a routine wellness examination, the nurse is trying to determine how well a 5-year-old boy communicates and comprehends instructions. Which of the following is the best specific trigger question to determine the preschooler's linguistic and cognitive progress? "Would you say your son has a vocabulary of about 900 words?" "How well does your son communicate or follow instructions?" "Is your son's speech clear enough that anyone can understand it?" "Does your son speak in complete sentences all the time?"

"How well does your son communicate or follow instructions?" Explanation: Asking how well the boy communicates and follows instructions is the best trigger question because it is open-ended. Asking if the child uses complete sentences or speaks clearly will elicit a yes or no answer about only those specific areas of development. The parents would have no way of judging the size of their child's vocabulary.

A father tells the nurse that his son has been asking questions about his genitals. The father states that he is unsure how to answer the questions of a 4-year-old. How should the nurse respond? "I would suggest getting books with pictures to help explain the differences between male and female genitalia." "That is a difficult subject to address. I'm not sure what is the best way to answer that question." "You should answer his questions by whatever feels most comfortable to you." "It's best to answer his questions using accurate anatomical names and keep your answers simple."

"It's best to answer his questions using accurate anatomical names and keep your answers simple."

school nurse has completed an educational program for parents of preschool children. Which statement by a participant indicates a need for further education? "My 3-year-old is doing fine, he can hop on one foot already." "My 5-year-old son still needs me to dress and undress him." "I'm glad to know that it's okay that my 5-year-old is learning to skate." "I need to work with my 4-year-old; she should be able to cut paper with scissors on her own."

"My 5-year-old son still needs me to dress and undress him."

The nurse is discussing nutritional issues and concerns with the caregivers of preschoolers. Which statement made by a caregiver best indicates a common aspect of the diet and nutrition of the preschool child? "Our child gets into food jags where he will only eat one food all day long." "My spouse is insistent that our 5-year-old not eat any snacks so that he will eat all of his meal at mealtime." "My 4-year-old eats as much as my teenager does every day." "My child is so picky and eats the same thing every day for days on end!"

"My child is so picky and eats the same thing every day for days on end!" - Food jags are common in toodlers. Explanation: The preschooler's appetite is erratic. At one sitting the preschooler may devour everything on the plate, and at the next meal he or she may be satisfied with just a few bites. Food jags, such as eating the same thing for days on end, are common in the toddler, not the preschooler. Preschooler's are picky eaters. They may eat only a limited variety of foods or foods prepared in only one way. Portions for preschoolers are smaller than adult-sized portions, so the child may need to have meals supplemented with nutritious snacks. Giving the child non-nutritious snacks may cause the child not to eat at mealtimes. The child eating as much as the adolescent sibling is being set up for obesity.

The nurse is providing teaching about proper dental care for the parents of a 5-year-old girl. Which response indicates a need for further teaching? "We should use only a pea-sized amount of toothpaste." "Too much fluoride can contribute to fluorosis." "She should see a dentist every 6 months." "She needs to floss her teeth before brushing."

"She needs to floss her teeth before brushing."

During a routine wellness exam for a 5-year-old boy, the parent confides that the boy repeatedly touches and rubs his penis in public. The parent is concerned because he is starting kindergarten in six weeks. After assuring the parent that this is normal behavior, how should the nurse respond? "Check to see that your son's underclothing fits properly." "You must forbid your son from masturbating anywhere." "Be careful how you react; it could produce unnecessary guilt." "Tell your son that it is okay to touch his penis, but not in public."

"Tell your son that it is okay to touch his penis, but not in public."

he nurse is speaking with the parent of a 4-year-old child. Which statement by the parent would suggest a need for further investigation? "When we go to the park, my child never wants to play with the other children." "My child loves to play dress-up with friends at day care." "Sometimes I wish my child would play with a toy in the way it was intended. My child is constantly pretending it is something else." "I think it is so cute when my child wants to help my spouse with yardwork." "My son loves to follow around his older sister."

"When we go to the park, my child never wants to play with the other children." - During preschool they should be being more interactive and social! During toodler yrs is when they are parellel players! They are around other kids but they are playing with their own toys. During preschool they should be playing with others. 3 yr olds are capable of sharing toys, but remember to keep reminding them to share their toys. Preschoolers who are exposed to other playmates have an easier time learning to relate to people than those raised in an environment where they rarely see other children of the same age. For those children who are only childs encourage parents to take them to places where they can interact with others.

The mother of a 3-year-old tells the nurse that she is concerned that her child is not developing motor skills quickly enough. She states that, "My son can't skip and cannot stand on one foot for any length of time while playing." How should the nurse respond? "I am sure he will become more proficient in these activities soon." "Your child is not expected to be able to perform those activities at 3 years of age." "I wouldn't be too concerned since he seems fine during my assessment." "Maybe practicing these activities with him would help him improve these motor skills."

"Your child is not expected to be able to perform those activities at 3 years of age." - At 3 yrs hey should be able to ride a TRIcyle, walk up/down stairs on one foot on each step, jump forward and run. At age 4 they should be able to stand on 1 foot/climb/hop and catch a bounced ball. At age 5 they should swing, climb and stand on 1 foot for 10s and do somersaults.

The nurse is conducting a well-child examination of a 4-year-old and is assessing the child's height. By how much should the nurse expect the child's height to have increased since last year's examination? 2.5 to 3 inches (6.35 to 7.62 cm) 3.5 to 4 inches (8.89 to 10.16 cm) 1 to 2 inches (2.54 to 5.07 cm) 0.5 to 1 inch (1.27 to 2.54 cm)

2.5 to 3 inches (6.35 to 7.62 cm)

The nurse is conducting a well-child examination of a 5-year-old girl who was 40 inches tall at her last examination at age 4. Which height measurement would be within the normal range of growth expected for a preschooler? 41 inches 43 inches 45 inches 47 inches

43 inches

The nurse is conducting a well-child examination of a 5-year-old girl who was 40 inches tall at her last examination at age 4. Which height measurement would be within the normal range of growth expected for a preschooler? 41 inches 45 inches 47 inches 43 inches

43 inches Explanation: The average preschool-age child will grow 2.5 to 3 inches (6.5 to 7.8 cm) per year. The average 3-year-old is 37 inches tall (96.2 cm), the average 4-year-old is 40.5 inches tall (103.7 cm), and the average 5-year-old is 43 inches tall (118.5 cm).

If the child is gaining weight at an expected rate, a child who weighs 36 lb (16.3 kg) at 3 years of age would weigh what amount at age 5? 50 to 52 lb (22.7 to 23.6 kg) 38 lb to 40 (17.2 to 18.1 kg) 58 to 60 lb (26.3 to 27.2 kg) 44 to 46 lb (20 to 21 kg)

44 to 46 lb (20 to 21 kg) -Explanation: The preschool age child gains about 4 to 5 lb (1.8 to 2.3 kg) each year and grows about 2.5 to 3 in (6.3 to 7.6 cm). So a 36 lb (16.3 kg) child at 3 years gaining 4 to 5 lb (1.8 to 2.3 kg) per year would be 44 to 46 lb (36 lb + 8 lb = 44 lb; 36 lb + 10 lb = 46 lb).

The nurse is interacting with preschool-aged children in a day care center. Which situation(s), if observed by the nurse, would alert the nurse to further assess the child for a developmental concern? Select all that apply. A child points to a snack and looks at the care provider to indicate wanting the snack. A child states, "I cold" when wanting a blanket to cover up with during story time. A child correctly responds "blue, yellow, purple and green" when naming the colored flowers. A child counts 10 blocks while sitting on the floor in the play area. A child states, "My dad rides a bike sometimes and uses a stove to cook." A child states, "My mom will be here when we have snacks later today."

A child points to a snack and looks at the care provider to indicate wanting the snack. A child states, "I cold" when wanting a blanket to cover up with during story time.

The nurse is helping parents enhance the developmental task of initiative in their preschool-age child. Which activity would the nurse suggest the parents implement? Allow the child to experiment with molding clay. Provide the child with clothes that snap rather than button. Teach the child how to cross the street safely. Help the child learn how to follow rules.

Allow the child to experiment with molding clay. xplanation: To gain a sense of initiative, preschoolers need exposure to a wide variety of play materials so they can learn as much about how things work as possible. The parents should be urged to provide play materials that encourage creative play such as modeling clay. Any experience with free-form play is helpful. Street-crossing safety, following rules, and providing clothes that snap will not support the developmental task of initiative as much as providing a substance to experiment during play.

A 3-year-old is hospitalized unexpectedly and is frightened about the experience. What action could the nurse take to minimize the anxiety the child is experiencing? Insist that the parents stay with the child at all times. Provide all of the child's care, including all ADLs. Allow the child to handle the equipment before it is used on the child. Tell the child that everything will be fine and not to worry.

Allow the child to handle the equipment before it is used on the child.

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old who has been hospitalized after an episode of asthma. As the nurse prepares to teach the child how to use the nebulizer, which action should the nurse prioritize? Use a poster or brochure to illustrate to the child how the machine works. Show the child how to use the nebulizer and tell the child how much easier it is to breathe afterward. Explain that the child will feel better after the treatment and allow the child to ask questions. Allow the child to touch and play with the nebulizer for a few minutes before the treatment.

Allow the child to touch and play with the nebulizer for a few minutes before the treatment.

Which activity would the nurse least likely include as exemplifying the preconceptual phase of Piaget's preoperational stage? Use of active imaginations Understanding of opposites Beginning questioning of parents' values Displays of animism

Beginning questioning of parents' values Explanation: In the intuitive phase of Piaget's preoperational stage, the child begins to question parents' values. Animism, active imaginations, and an understanding of opposites would characterize the preconceptual phase of Piaget's preoperational stage.

Parents ask for disciplinary guidance for their 4-year-old. The nurse suggests which of these actions? Select all that apply. A time-out of about 8 minutes would be appropriate for intentional misbehavior. Books and stories can help preschoolers master proper behavior. When discussing improper behavior, call the behavior "bad" or "naughty," not the child. Spank with an open hand only and never with an object. Anticipate situations likely to cause misbehavior and redirect the child to another activity.

Books and stories can help preschoolers master proper behavior. When discussing improper behavior, call the behavior "bad" or "naughty," not the child. Anticipate situations likely to cause misbehavior and redirect the child to another activity.

he parent of 3 1/2-year-old preschooler tells the nurse that the child argues quite a bit and says that the child is always right. The nurse interprets this information as indicating: guilt. initiative. conservation. centering.

Centering Explanation: At age 3 years, cognitive development is still preoperational. Although children during this period do enter a second phase called intuitional thought, they lack insight to view themselves as others see them or put themselves in another's place. This is called centering. Because preschoolers cannot make this kind of mental substitution, they feel they are always right and causes them to argue. Conservation is reflected in the child's ability to distinguish that two items of equal size are the same despite a change in form. Initiative is the developmental task of preschoolers and is reflected in the child attempting to learn as much as possible about the world around them by trying new activities or having new experiences. Guilt occurs if children are punished or criticized for attempts at initiative.

During a previous well-child visit, the nurse reviews the importance of immunizations for the preschool-age child with the parents. Which outcome indicates that the nurse's instruction to the parents has been effective? Child has all immunizations up-to-date. Parents plan to have the child receive needed immunizations within a year. Child began to cry during an immunization, and the decision was made to try again later. Primary care physician changed the appointment for immunizations to another day in a month.

Child has all immunizations up-to-date.

The nurse is organizing an indoor play area for preschool-age children. Which play materials are least important? Cut, paste, drawing, and painting materials Balls, blocks, and puzzles Dress-up clothes and hats and puppets Electronic teaching toys CD player with music and musical instruments

Electronic teaching toys

The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child who reports having ear pain. What would the nurse incorporate into the assessment? Avoid having the child see or touch the otoscope prior to the examination. Grasp the pinna and pull up and back gently in order to assess the ear. Use diagrams and pictures to explain how the nurse will assess the ear. Sit the child on the examination table before examining the child's ears.

Grasp the pinna and pull up and back gently in order to assess the ear.

A 4-year-old is hospitalized with a urinary tract infection. Based on what you know of her cognitive development, which approach would be best to prepare her for a radiograph? Help her pretend the x-ray machine is a camera. Explain that she must behave because the technician is busy. Tell her she must follow directions or she will be hurt. Tell her a radiograph is a picture of the dark inside her body.

Help her pretend the x-ray machine is a camera.

The nurse is presenting an in-service on the types of playing that children may engage in. The nurse determines the session is successful when the attending nurses correctly choose which example as representing cooperative play? Playing independently and are side-by-side. Playing in an organized group with each other. Playing together in an activity without organization. Playing apart from others without being part of a group.

Playing together in an activity without organization. Explanation: During cooperative play, children play in an organized group with each other as in team sports. Solitary independent play means playing apart from others without making an effort to be part of the group or group activity. Associative play occurs when children play together and are engaged in a similar activity but without organization, rules, or a leader, and each child does what she or he wishes. Parallel play occurs when the toddler plays alongside other children but not with them.

A parent tells a nurse that the child has recently established some friendships for the first time. In which age group do you expect this child to be? Toddler Adolescence School age Preschool

Preschool Explanation: During the preschool years the preschooler learns to cooperate with other children. Learning how to make a friend is an important part of social development. Preschoolers need a special friend they can talk to, care about, and play with. The toddler is aware of other children but plays parallel to other toddlers; they do not interact or form friendships at their developmental level. School-age children have developed friendships and often have close relationships with one or two friends, but have multiple friends in school. Friendships are very important to the adolescent child. They have established friendships throughout their lives.

The nurse has brought a group of preschoolers to the playroom to play. Which activity would the nurse predict the children to become involved in? Watching a movie with other children their age Painting pictures in the art corner of the room Playing a board game Pretending to be mommies and daddies in the playhouse

Pretending to be mommies and daddies in the playhouse Explanation: Preschool children have imitative play, pretending to be the mommy, the daddy, a policeman, a cowboy, or other familiar characters. The school-aged child enjoys group activities, such as board games, and making things, such as drawings, paintings, and craft projects. The adolescent enjoys activities he or she can participate in with their peers.

To give eardrops to a 4-year-old child, what would be the best technique to use? Pull the pinna of the ear up and back. Lift the pinna of the ear down and back. Press the pinna of the ear forward. Pull the pinna of the ear downward.

Pull the pinna of the ear up and back.

What suggestions regarding the evaluation of a childcare center would the nurse share with a preschooler's mother? Research local newspapers to see if there are any complaints against the center. A ratio of 10 children to 1 teacher is adequate. Specific program goals to be accomplished should be available. The longer the center has been in operation, the better it is.

Specific program goals to be accomplished should be available.

A nurse is preparing an educational seminar about the moral and spiritual development of preschoolers. When describing this topic, which information would the nurse include? Ease in transferring rules to new situations Enjoyment of religious rituals based on the understanding of an outside force Tendency to do good out of self-interest Determination of right and wrong based on the reason for rules

Tendency to do good out of self-interest Explanation: Preschoolers tend to do good out of self-interest rather than from the development of a conscience. They determine right and wrong based on rules, not the reason or rationale for the rules. They have difficulty with rules that they know apply to a new situation. Preschoolers enjoy religious holidays and rituals based on the fact that these offer them reassurance and security.

The parents of a 5-year-old are concerned that their son is too short for his age. The nurse measures the child's height at 40 inches (101.6 cm). How should the nurse respond? "Are most of the adults in your family short? It may be hereditary that your child will be shorter than average." "The average height for a 5-year-old is 43 inches tall (118.5 cm), so your son is within the normal range for height." "Some children are short for their age during the preschool years but usually catch up during early childhood." "I am sure his height is a concern, but if you start choosing nutrient-dense foods he will likely catch up to normal in height."

The average height for a 5-year-old is 43 inches tall (118.5 cm), so your son is within the normal range for height."

Which gross motor skill would the 4-year-old child have most recently attained? The child can cut his/her food. The child can tie his/her shoelaces. The child can hop on one foot. The child can button his/her clothes.

The child can hop on one foot. - The rest are fine motor skills to be attained.

Which gross motor skill would the 4-year-old child have most recently attained? The child can button his/her clothes. The child can tie his/her shoelaces. The child can hop on one foot. The child can cut his/her food.

The child can hop on one foot. Gross motor skills have to do with the development of large muscles. Balance improves around the age of 4, thus the child can hop on one foot and stand on one foot for 5 seconds. A 3-year-old child does not have the ability to accomplish these tasks. A 5-year-old child can button his/her own clothes, tie shoes, and cut his/her food.

The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for a hospitalized 6-year-old. Which behavior would warrant nursing intervention? The child does not want to play games with other children on the hospital ward. The child pretends he is talking to an imaginary friend when the nurse addresses the child. The child states that her fairy godmother is going to come and take her home. The child starts talking about his grandmother and then quickly changes the subject to a new toy he received.

The child does not want to play games with other children on the hospital ward.

A 4-year-old child is drawing with crayons. Which creation by the child would most be reflective of the anticipated skill level of this age? The child draws a person with 6 body parts. The child is able to proficiently draw several letters of the alphabet. The child draws random lines on the paper and reports it is a person. The child is able to draw shapes such as circles and squares.

The child is able to draw shapes such as circles and squares.

A 4-year-old child is drawing with crayons. Which creation by the child would most be reflective of the anticipated skill level of this age? The child is able to proficiently draw several letters of the alphabet. The child is able to draw shapes such as circles and squares. The child draws a person with 6 body parts. The child draws random lines on the paper and reports it is a person.

The child is able to draw shapes such as circles and squares.

Parents of a preschooler tell the nurse that their child often refuses to go to sleep at night. Which suggestion by the nurse would be helpful? Select all that apply. "Try using a night light in the child's room." "Avoid having your child watch frightening shows on TV before bedtime." "Keep the door closed and the lights off so that your child can fall asleep faster." "Try reading a favorite story before bedtime." "Set up some familiar bedtime rituals for your child."

Try using a night light in the child's room." "Avoid having your child watch frightening shows on TV before bedtime." "Try reading a favorite story before bedtime." "Set up some familiar bedtime rituals for your child."

The nurse teaches a preschooler to use a FACES pain rating scale prior to surgery. At that time, the preschooler points to the smiling face. Following surgery when the nurse suspects the child has pain, the preschooler points again to the smiling face. How would the nurse interpret this response? The child is using the scale to predict what they would like, not what the child has. The nurse must be interpreting the child's degree of pain falsely. The child has difficulty focusing on the right side of the scale. The child does not have pain.

The child is using the scale to predict what they would like, not what the child has. The child is using the scale to predict what he or she would like, not what the child has.Preschoolers use "magical thinking," or believe that what they wish will come true. They may use pain scales, therefore, to "wish" for a smiling face, rather than for rating their pain. Preschoolers also may not report pain, thinking it is something to be expected. If the child does not report pain then the nurse should also assess the child's features: Is the child grimmacing, crying, or being totally still? The nurse can also ask the parent if this is how the parent would describe the child when in pain. Pain is subjective so the nurse would not be reporting the pain falsely.

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance and education to the parents of child entering into the preschool age group. What information would the nurse include in the teaching? The preschool-age child's physical growth will slow compared to previous years. The child's cognitive growth will not be as intense as the child leaves the toddler stage. The preschool-age child will be less tolerant of separation from parents than during the toddler stage. The child will have an emergence of permanent teeth by the age of 4 years.

The preschool-age child's physical growth will slow compared to previous years.

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for parents of preschoolers about how to address the issue of strangers and safety. Which would the nurse expect to include in the teaching? Select all that apply. Urge your children to report others who are bullying. Teach your children to say "no" to anyone whose touching makes them feel uncomfortable. Encourage children to tell you or another trusted adult if someone asks them to keep a secret about anything uncomfortable. Wait until children are old enough to tell them how to call for help in an emergency. Urge children never to talk to or accept a ride from a stranger.

Urge children never to talk to or accept a ride from a stranger. Encourage children to tell you or another trusted adult if someone asks them to keep a secret about anything uncomfortable. Urge your children to report others who are bullying. Teach your children to say "no" to anyone whose touching makes them feel uncomfortable. Explanation: The preschool years are not too early to educate children about the potential threat of harm from strangers or how to address bullying from others. Appropriate measures include urging children never to talk to or accept a ride from a stranger; teaching them how to call for help in an emergency, encouraging them to tell parents if someone asks them to keep a secret about something that makes them uncomfortable, urging children to report any bullying behavior, and teaching them to say "no" to anyone whose touching makes them feel uncomfortable.

A 5-year-old girl is pretending to be a crocodile during a physical examination. Her mother just smiles and rolls her eyes at the nurse. What would be the best response for the nurse to give the child? "What a wonderful imagination you have! I've never seen anyone who was so good at pretending to be a crocodile." "What happened to my client? Did you eat her?" "Oh no! I have a crocodile in my room. Please don't bite me!" "My dear, you are a girl, not a crocodile. Now sit still so that I can examine you."

What a wonderful imagination you have! I've never seen anyone who was so good at pretending to be a crocodile." Explanation: Parents sometimes strengthen a fantasy role without realizing it. A preschooler might be pretending she is a crocodile. If the nurse plays along, the child may be frightened she has actually become a crocodile. A better response is to support the imitation—this is age-appropriate behavior and a good way of exploring roles—by saying, "What a nice crocodile you're pretending to be." This both supports the fantasy and reassures the child she is still herself.

A 5-year-old who is visiting her hospitalized sister states, "It's my fault my sister is sick." What is the best response by the nurse? "You must have some super-strong magical powers." "You didn't cause your sister to be sick." "Why would you think it is your fault?" "What did you do to cause this?"

You didn't cause your sister to be sick." Explanation: This is an example of transcending thinking. Siblings may think they caused their brother or sister to be sick or injured and need reassurance that they did not cause the illness. All other responses may be exploring their thinking on the cause of the illness but would not reassure them that they did not cause the illness.

Which physical assessment data would the nurse find concerning and would warrant reporting to the primary care provider? a blood pressure of 128/80 in a preschool-aged child an infant who has a closed posterior fontanel (fontanelle) at age 4 months A school-aged child has a heart rate of 90. Head circumference is 2 inches less than the chest circumference in a 5-year-old child.

a blood pressure of 128/80 in a preschool-aged child - BP is systolic 89-112 and D 46-72

A 4-year-old tells the nurse he has an imaginary friend. His parents are concerned because he refuses to do anything without his friend's help. Which nursing diagnosis is most applicable for his family? disturbed thought processes related to deep-set psychological need social isolation related to unwillingness to relate except through imaginary friend compromised family coping related to abnormal behavior of child deficient knowledge of normal preschool development

deficient knowledge of normal preschool development - During preschool these children are imaginative !! Therefore they will have imaginary friends and this is helpful bc they guide them into taking initiative! ( remember Erikson initiative vs shame/guilt ! Parents need to know this is normal and good for their skills attainment! instruct parents to NOT make fun of their imaginative friends!

Which type of play should the nurse encourage for a preschool-age child who is hospitalized? planting flower bulbs that can be watched growing next spring playing an electronic handheld game turning out the lights to play hide and seek dressing in the mother's coat to play house

dressing in the mother's coat to play house

The nurse is identifying a diagnosis appropriate for a preschool-age child who began to cry after learning about needing intravenous fluid therapy. Which diagnosis should the nurse select to address this specific reaction? deficient knowledge related to actions and effects of intravenous fluid therapy discomfort related to intravenous infusion fear related to intravenous infusion health-seeking behavior by the child related to the intravenous infusion

fear related to intravenous infusion Explanation: After learning about needing an intravenous infusion, the child began to cry. The most appropriate diagnosis would be fear related to intravenous infusion. The infusion has not started, so the child may or may not experience discomfort related to the infusion. The child did not ask the nurse to explain the infusion or the actions and effects of fluid therapy.

The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old on a routine well-child visit. When assessing the gross motor skills of this preschooler, which activity will the nurse predict the child to be able to successfully accomplish? walk backwards with heel to toe jump rope ride a bicycle hop on one foot

hop on one foot

A nurse is describing growth and development during the preschool period. What would the nurse identify as a predominant and heightened characteristic for this age group? fine motor skills imagination vocabulary gross motor skills

imagination Explanation: Although vocabulary, gross motor skills, and fine motor skills improve during this time, the imagination of preschool-age children is keener than it will be at any other time in their lives. They imitate behavior exactly as they see it.

A nurse observes a 3-year-old child playing with an older sibling. In which type of play would the nurse expect to see the siblings engaged? nonverbal play imitative play hand regard parallel play

imitative play

According to Erikson, the task for the preschool child is to develop: industry. autonomy. initiative. trust.

initiative.

Parents tell the nurse their 3-year-old refuses to eat meat but are pleased she drinks "lots of milk." What risk does the nurse identify? interference with growth obesity iron deficiency dental caries

iron deficiency

The nurse is presenting a program about development to a group of parents with young children. The nurse would explain that a young child of which age group is most likely to have an imaginary friend? school-aged preschool-aged toddler infant

preschool-aged this helps them explore don't make fun of them for having imaginary friends as it helps them gain more skills.

The nurse is conducting a well-child assessment of a 4-year-old. Which assessment finding warrants further investigation? presence of 10 deciduous teeth presence of 20 deciduous teeth absence of dental caries presence of 19 deciduous teeth

presence of 10 deciduous teeth - 3 yr old should have 20 decidious teeth and 6 yr old should of lost 1-2 front teeth.

A 4-year-old is ordered on bed rest. Which activity would be most appropriate for promoting play? playing ring-around-the-rosie providing a basin with water and toys while bathing the child watching a favorite TV show providing a mobile made of tongue depressors and gauze

roviding a basin with water and toys while bathing the child Explanation: Allowing the child to play with water toys while taking a bath encourages play. The child is on bed rest and therefore is unable to play ring-around-the-rosie. Watching TV is a nonparticipant activity that does not stimulate play. Gauze and tongue depressors are choking hazards.

A nurse conducted a health history with a 5-year-old child admitted with abdominal pain. The nurse stood at the bedside while talking to the parent and child. The client was in a private room. The nurse made sure the door was closed and referred to the parent as "Mrs. Smith" whenever asking a question. Which action by the nurse was not conducive to the health history? referring to the mother as Mrs. Smith conducting it in a private room closing the door standing at the bedside

standing at the bedside

At a physical examination, a nurse asks the father of a 4-year-old how the boy is developing socially. The father sighs deeply and explains that his son has become increasingly argumentative when playing with his regular group of three friends. The nurse recognizes that this phenomenon is most likely due to: preschoolers having a harder time sharing than toddlers. testing and identification of group role. playing in an even-number group of children (four). regression.

testing and identification of group role. xplanation: Although 4-year-olds continue to enjoy play groups, they may become involved in arguments more than they did at age 3, especially as they become more certain of their role in the group. This development, like so many others, may make parents worry a child is regressing. However, it is really forward movement, involving some testing and identification of their group role. Because 3-year-olds are capable of sharing, they play with other children their age much more agreeably than do toddlers, which makes the preschool period become a sensitive and critical time for socialization. The elementary rule that an odd number of children will have difficulty playing well together generally pertains to children at this age: two or four will play, but three or five will quarrel.

A mother expresses surprise to the nurse that her daughter has begun masturbating. The most important initial nursing response is that: there may be undue stress in your child's life. girls as well as boys will masturbate. this is a normal and expected activity best treated matter-of-factly. toilet teaching places much focus on the genitals.

this is a normal and expected activity best treated matter-of-factly. - This is one of the developmental concerns for preschoolers but this is NORMAL! Don't scold the child for doing so because this will lead the child to do it more frequency.

The pediatric nurse is discussing the daily activities of a 4-year-old with the caregiver to assess growth and development status. The nurse would document that the child has reached the initiative stage of development if the caregiver indicates the child participates in which activity? broke a dish but blamed it on a friend the caregivers don't know refuses to hold anyone's hand while crossing the street gets upset when a babysitter is in charge, but will do what is asked by the babysitter tries to sweep up spilled cereal but cries when can't do well

tries to sweep up spilled cereal but cries when can't do well xplanation: According to Erikson, the developmental task of the preschool age is initiative versus guilt. Preschoolers often try to find ways to do things to help, but they may feel guilty if scolded when they fail because of inexperience or lack of skill. Family caregivers need to remember that preschoolers are developing initiative and a sense of guilt. They want to be good and follow instructions; they feel bad when they do not, even if they are not physically punished. Imaginary playmates are common in the preschool child, but blaming the incident on the imaginary playmate or refusing to hold the mother's hand does not show initiative. A younger child would commonly show anxiety when being left with the caregiver. Reference:

A 4-year-old child is brought to the clinic by his parents for evaluation of a cough. Which action by the nurse would be least appropriate in promoting atraumatic care for the child? informing the child that the stethoscope might feel a bit cold but not hurt wrapping the child tightly in a blanket to prevent him from moving around allowing the child to touch the stethoscope before listening to his heart having the parents stay with the child during the examination

wrapping the child tightly in a blanket to prevent him from moving around