Previous Exams Part 2
A researcher measures GPA, time spent on Facebook, number of Facebook friends, and scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. How many possible bivariate correlations can the researcher calculate?
6
What is an outlier?
A score that stands out as either much higher or much lower than most of the other scores in a sample.
What is the directionality problem?
A situation in which it is unclear which variable in an association came first.
What is a moderator?
A variable that, depending on its level, changes the relationship between two other variables.
The standard measure of internal reliability of a test is________________.
Cronbach's
An interrater reliability between two coders of r=.50 is considered acceptable. True or False?
False
Restriction of range increases observed effect sizes such as r.
False
A headline in Yahoo! News made the following (bivariate) association claim: "Facebook users get worse grades in college" (Hsu, 2009). The two variables in the headline are: a. High grades and low grades b. High Facebook use and low Facebook use c. Level of Facebook use and college grades
Level of Facebook use and college grades
What is restriction of range?
There's not a full range of possible scores on one of the variables in the association, so the relationship from the sample underestimates the true correlation.
In general, if you have a large sample (n=300 or above), you do not have to worry about trimming your outliers. True or False?
True
Suppose you hear that conscientious people are more likely to get regular health checkups. Which of the following correlations between conscientiousness and getting checkups would probably support this claim? a. r = .03 b. r= .45 c. r = -.35 d. r= -1.0
b. r= .45
Researchers code male as 1 and female as 2 for their gender variable. This is a ____________ level of measurement.
categorical
Experiments allow researchers to investigate _________________ relationships.
causal
What is a spurious association
the original association is not present within the subgroups.
