Principles of Criminal Justice exam 1 review

24. What does the abbreviation UCR represen Inaorm repont

Uniform Crime Report

6. Mala prohibita offenses are a:

c. offenses that are considered wrong in American culture

18. According to the 13th Documentary shown in class, write the U.S. Prison Population for the following years:

1985 -759, 100 1990-1,179,200 2014-2,306,200

21. ___________are serious crimes punishable by more than one year of incarceration.

Felonies

12. About percent of criminal cases are heard by juries.

A. 5

29. _________theories postulate that criminal behavior occurs when the bonds that tie an individual to society are broken or weakened.

A. Control

7.)____________are actions which violate laws defining those socially harmful behaviors subject to the government's power to impose punishments.

A. Crimes

16. The fact that federal sentencing guidelines punish users of crack cocaine more harshly the possession trafficking in powder cocanie is used by Cole and Smith as an example of which of the following ?

A. That equal status and society can shape criminal Justice policy

14. The 2011 trial of Dr. Conrad Murray, the death of singer Michael Jackson would be cake? medications that caused the physician who prescribed found in which layer of the criminal justice wedding cake?

A. layer I: the top layer

19. Law enforcement employment opportunities have increased due to which two policies?

A. the war on drugs and the war on terrorism

38. The definitions crimes and people eligible for punishment are spelled out in:

B. Substantive criminal law

11.Which of the following ultimately happens to most defendants whose charges are not dropped?

B. They plead guity.

30. Since Frank received the images from a provider in Russia, the police addressed the case as what type of crime?

B. cyber

5.Ofenses that are considered wrong by their very nature are traditionally referred to as:

B.mala in se.

17. Significant expansion of federal law enforcement began in what decade?

C. 1960s

40. Minor offenses that typically punishable by small fines and that produce no criminal record for the offender are called

C. Civil infractions

28. Which of the following is NOT one of the social process theories?

C. critical criminology

15. Which of the following refers to a difference in treatment between groups?

C. disparity

8. According to Cole and Smith, the goal of criminal justice that concerns faimess and equity is referred to as:

C. doing justice

13. Which of the following refers to a serious crime, usually carrying a penalty of incarceration for more than one year?

C. felony

20. The parts of the criminal justice system include all of the following EXCEPT:

D. criminals.

4. According to Cole and Smith, which of the following is NOT goal of the criminal justice system?

D. dramatizing crime

27. Control theories emphasize that individuals exhibit criminal behavior due to the social processes inherent in the criminal justice system .

False

3. The majority of cases in the American criminal justice system will proceed to trial.

False

31. The insanity defense is used in most cases in the American criminal justice system.

False

32. Ignorance of the law can be used as a defense in a criminal trial

False

34. The Bill of Rights has always protected individuals'rights at the state level.

False

36. Under the Fifth Amendment, states are required to use grand juries in the criminal justice process.

False

According to the Fifth Amendment's double jeopardy clause, a defendant may be subject to a maximum of two prosecutions for a single offense within the same jurisdiction.

False

1. One of the principles of "doing justice" involves protecting the rights of the accused.

True

2. The concept of federalism involves the division power between a central (national) government and regional (state) governments.

True

22. Robberies and other visible crimes are among the least profitable criminal activities.

True

23. The UCR and NCVS do not provide a clear picture of the amount of crime because of the difference in the way that eavh measures crime.

True

25. Both the UCR and NCVS indicate that crime in the United States has been decreasing since 1993

True

26. Positivist criminologists believe that scientific methods can be effectively used to discover the causes of crime and to treat deviants.

True

35. The due process and equal protection clauses are found in the Fourteenth Amendment.

True

37. Double jeopardy does not apply when offenders commit offenses that can be considered violations of both state and federal law

True

39. Crimes usually considered and punished by more than a year in state or federal prison are called

a. felonies

9. The components of criminal justice best described as a/an:

a. system

10. Which following is an appropriate duty and of police resources

e. all of the above are appropriate