Processors & Memory

Both DDR2 & DDR3 DIMMs use _____pins and not compatible due to their _____ not being in the same position

240 ; notches

What bits do today's processors process for desktop systems?

32 bits and 64 bits

Where does a cooler receive power from?

4 Pin CPU fan header on the motherboard found near the processor

How much memory might a processor of L1 have?

4Mb to 12Mb

All DIMMs have a _____bit data path

64

Data path width for DIMMs is normally ____ bits but with ECC the data path is ___ bits

64 ; 72

A motherboard that uses Quad channelling is expected to have ______

8 memory slots

Memory on the processor chip is called:

A die

Ryzen, Ryzen pro, Ryzen Threaddripper (can have up to 16 cores), A-series, A-series Pro, and FX. These all belong to which processor family?

AMD

DRAM is the most popular memory. How does DRAM request a block of data?

Address row and column

ALU stands for

Arithmetic Logic Units

Erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) called flash ROM runs software from the manufacturer. It is used to update what?

BIOS

After the system is up and running where can you verify that the system recognized the processor correctly?

BIOS/UEFI setup

Virtualization can be enable through the:

BIOS/UEFI setup

If you have an unbalanced performance and power of the CPU of the entire system can lead to ________ of the entire system

Bottleneck (when workload arrives quickly)

PC rating is a measure of a the total bandwidth of data moving between the module and the

CPU

High-speed memory helps facilitate the process of the memory controller retrieving data in the memory and delivering it to the processor. The processor's high-speed memory is known as what?

Cache memory

This technology is called _______ technology where the intel processor chipset and wireless network adapter are all interconnected as a unit. This improves laptop performance.

Centrino

There are a variety of circuit packaging types. Chip packaging explains how a chip is constructed, packaged, and ultimately used. Which type of chip packaging includes a rectangular package with contacts on all four edges?

Chip Carrier

DDR2 is faster and uses less power than______

DDR

DDR3 is faster and uses less power than________

DDR2

DDR4 is faster and uses less power than _____. DDR4 modules uses ____ pins and has _____ notch in the ____ connector

DDR3 ; 288; single; edge

RAM on motherboards today is stored in ________

DIMMs

Which type of random-access memory requires that the information stored within it be constantly refreshed?

DRAM

DRAM loses _________

Data rapidly

DDR DIMM is:

Double Data Rate DIMM

Memory controller that communicates with two DIMMS has

Dual Channels

Xeon processor for servers support this feature:

Dual Processors aka Multiprocessor Platform

The extra 8 bits with ECC is used for

Error checking

DIMMs on servers must be reliable thus they use:

Error correcting code

What is the security feature that identifies areas of memory that are not allowed to run code?

Execute disable bit

True or False: Non-parity memory is used to perform error checking against the information that is "read" compared to what is "retrieved".

False

True or False: The land grid array (LGA) socket places pins on the processor which are inserted into a socket.

False

True or False: While the processor is exposed, you should just hold it wherever and not by the edges

False, hold it by the edges

Software that is written to a read-only memory chip is called _______.

Firmware

Motherboards with Intel sockets have how many holes to anchor the cooler?

Four

Processor speeds determine how fast the processor executes its commands or instructions. Speeds were initially measured in megahertz, which are millions of hertz. Today's processors are measured in what type of measure?

Gigahertz

This feature of the processor manipulates graphic data to form images on a monitor screen

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

When you push down each locking pin you should _________

Hear a pop into the hole

A processor that is known as a x86-64 bit processor is also called?

Hybrid Processor

The two logical processors for Intels technology is known as:________

Hyper-threading

The two logical processors for AMDs technology is known as:________

HyperTransport

Intels x64 processors are called?

IA64

If a GPU is inside the CPU package it is called:

Integrated Graphics

Remember that processor sockets are used to hold processor chips. Where would you find the "type" of socket on a socket chip?

It is identified along the side of the socket

_______ is the organization responsible for standards used by solid-state devices, including RAM technologies

JEDEC

Intel provides a number of computer processors; which of the following is NOT an Intel processor?

K6

Memory on the processor die is called:

Level 1 Cache (L1 cache)

Memory of the processor package but not on the processor die:

Level 2 (L2 Cache)

This cache is farther from the processors core, but still in the processors package

Level 3 Cache

This feature of a processor is a measurement of the speed in which the processor operates internally. It is measured in gigahertz:

Processor Frequency

What does the plate do when installing the heavy coolers?

Protect from bending the board

A ________ can access four DIMMs at the same time

Quad Channel

When selecting a processor to match a motherboard you already have, what is the first requirement?

Select the one that the motherboard is designed to support

Early DIMMs only used

Single Channel

Single processors in a processor package is called:

Single-core processing

This feature of a processor are named for INTEL LGA(1151), (1150), (1155), (1156), (2066), (2011), (1366) & for AMD (TR4),(AM4), (AM3+), (AM3), (AM2+), (FM2+)

Socket and chipset

This feature of the processor uses software to create and manage multiple virtual machines and their virtual devices is known as:

Support for Virtualization

Random Access Memory (RAM) ________ holds data and instructions as the CPU process them and that the memory models used on the motherboard are made of dynamic RAM (DRAM)

Temporarily

If power comes on (hear fan spinning & see light) but the system fails most likely:

The processor is not seated solidly in the socket or some power cord has not yet been connect or is not solidly connected

True or False Do not allow the processor to tilt, slide or shift as you put it in the socket. Protect the pads, and ensure the processor to go straight down into the socket.

True

True or False using parity checking, a ninth bit is stored with every 8 bits in a byte

True

True or False Closing the socket without the processor fully seated can destroy the socket

True

True or False: If you remove the protective cover of the processor and the proceed to remove the processor should you put the cover back on the socket to protect it.

True

True or False: having a mix of ECC and non-ECC memory on the motherboard will result in the system not to work

True

True or False: Power-On Self-Test is stored in the ROM memory.

True

True or False: VRAM can be read from and written to at the same time.

True

For a light cooler with locking pins how do you verify that the pins are turned as far as they will go?

Turn screw in a counterclockwise direction-ensure the pins don't protrude into the hollow plastic pose that go down into the motherboard holes

Processor sockets are identified by all of the following except _______.

Voltage

ECC compare bits written to the module to what is later read from the module, it can detect and correct errors in ________ of the byte

a single bit

AMD sockets have a ________ mechanism

black retention

After the processor and cooler are installed and the motherboard is installed in the case you should make sure:

cables and cords do not obstruct fans or airflow, especially airflow around the processor and video card

If there are 2 errors in 2 bits of a byte, ECC can detect the error but

cannot correct it

To obtain the PC rating of the DIMM multiply the speed (MHz) by ____

eight

ECC memory costs more than non-ECC memory but is ________

more reliable

For ECC to work the motherboard and all installed modules _________________

must support it

After you carefully place the cooler straight down on the processor you should:

not shift as you could smear the thermal compound off the top of the processor

Dual in-line memory modules (DIMMS) hold memory chips that are connected to the motherboard through pins. How many DIMMs are required to fill a bank?

one

If the system comes up and begins the boot process but suddenly turns off before the boot is complete, most likely:

the processor is overheating because the cooler is not installed correctly

DRAM loses data rapidly, and the memory controller must refresh it several__________times a second.

thousand

What is the purpose of using a heatsink within a processor?

Preventing the system from becoming unstable

This features of a processor is the average space between transistors printed on the surface of the silicon chip. The measurement is in nanometers (nm) The lower the measurement the faster the processor performs:

Lithography

DIMM speeds are measured by:

MHz or PC rating

This feature of a processor is the amount of memory included within the processor package:

Memory Cache

Multiple processors installed in the same processors housing is called:__________

Multicore processing

Using two processing units, known as ALUs, installed within a single processor is called__________. This allows the core to execute two instructions at a time.

Multiprocessing

This feature of a processor is the ability of a system to do more than one task at a time and is accomplished by several means:

Multiprocessing abilities

Which of the following processing units performs mathematical calculations?

NPU

If you later notice the PCU fan is running far too often you might:

Need to tighten the connection between the cooler and the processor

Where do you apply thermal command if it is not pre-applied?

On top of the processor (0.2 grams)

This feature of a processor allows the processor to run at a higher frequency than recommended by the processor manufacturer

Overclocking

In random access memory, the lower the number of nanoseconds the better the what?

Performance

Heavy coolers with heat sinks, fins, and fans on the side require that a _________ be installed on the bottom of the motherboard to strengthen the board for the heavy cooler.

Plate

What does a parity error indicate about the memory?

There is an issue with the integrity of the data

This is a creamlike substance and is placed between the bottom of the cooler heat sink and on top of the processor. It helps eliminate air pockets, helping to draw heat off the processor. Transmits heat better than air and make an airtight connection between the fan and the processor.

Thermal Compound

When Windows hands off a task to the CPU, its called a _____ and might involve several instructions.

Thread

A motherboard that supports __________ can access 3 DIMMs at the same time

Triple Channels