Product Realization Exam 2
Which one of the following products can be best identified as a user‐driven product? a) An office chair b) A supercomputer c) A hard‐disk drive d) Desktop computer
a) An office chair
The qualitative assessment of important of ID includes answering one of the following questions along the dimension of ergonomic need: a) How important is ease of use? b) Is visual product differentiation required? c) How important are pride of ownership, image, and fashion? d) Will an aesthetic product motivate team?
a) How important is ease of use?
While most product life cycles take place over ___________ , the natural cycle spans a ___________time periods. a) a few months or years; a wider range of b) a long period of time; a narrow range of c) a few months; a narrow range of d) a long period of time; a wider range of
a) a few months or years; a wider range of
A typical Design for environment (DFE) team includes: a) a manufacturing engineer b) a high court judge c) a house painter d) an aviation expert
a) a manufacturing engineer
The assessment of the environmental impacts are done based on a) bill of materials b) design sketches c) product prototypes d) none of the above
a) bill of materials
The architecture of the product is established during the _______________ and _____________ phases of development. a) concept development; system‐level design b) concept development, testing and refinement c) system‐level design, production ramp‐up d) concept development, detail design
a) concept development; system‐level design
The design for manufacturing (DFM) decisions have considerable impact on: a) development time and cost of the product b) identifying customer need c) the timing of competitor's product launch d) concept development phase
a) development time and cost of the product
Examples of Design for environment (DFE) goals for "Recovery" life cycle stage include a) facilitating product disassembly to separate materials b) enabling clean and efficient servicing option c) planning the most energy efficient shipping d) reducing emissions from transportation
a) facilitating product disassembly to separate materials
One of the two categories of interactions between chunks is: a) fundamental b) modular c) integral d) geometric
a) fundamental
The holistic performance of a product can be achieved if it is built around a(n): a) integral architecture b) modular architecture c) either a) or b) d) both a) and b)
a) integral architecture
Which one of the following is not usually offered by the industrial design consulting firms as part of the product development services? a) marketing and legal consulting b) detailed engineering design c) selection and management of outside vendors of materials, tooling and components d) assembly services
a) marketing and legal consulting
Examples of Design for environment (DFE) goals for "Distribution" life cycle stage include a) planning the most energy efficient shipping b) facilitating materials recycling a) enabling clean and efficient servicing operations. b) reducing and discarding waste
a) planning the most energy efficient shipping
Iterations of the steps of design for manufacturing (DFM) are often required to improve __________ and __________ manufacturing cost. a) product design, minimize b) concept development, maximize c) customer relations , minimize d) product design, maximize
a) product design, minimize
While setting the agenda for the Design for environment (DFE) process, three of the internal drivers of DFE are: a) product quality, public Image and cost reduction b) product quality, market demand and competition c) operational safety, employee motivation, and suppliers d) consumer behavior, trade organizations, and cost reduction
a) product quality, public Image and cost reduction
When the custom component is a single part, its cost can be estimated by adding up the costs of _________, processing, and _________. a) raw materials; tooling b) raw materials; transportation c) custom made parts; testing each parts d) custom made parts; transportation
a) raw materials; tooling
While making further refinement and final concept selection, Industrial designers often switch from ______________ to _______________ a) soft models and sketches; hard models and renderings b) soft models and renderings; hard models and sketches c) hard models and renderings; soft models and sketches d) hard models and sketches; soft models and renderings
a) soft models and sketches; hard models and renderings
Recent Apple product designs have used Industrial Design (ID) effectively to establish visual equity and their corporate identity such as: a) striking lines and innovative styling b) simplicity and quality c) quality and prestige d) image of technological innovation
a) striking lines and innovative styling
Which one of the following products can be best identified as a technology‐driven product? a) An office chair b) A supercomputer c) A sofa d) Wine glasses
b) A supercomputer
Three types of concepts communication methods can be listed as follows in order of increasing richness of the description: a) Video, Verbal description, Physical appearance models b) Sketch, Storyboard, Simulation c) Physical appearance models, Photos and rendering, Interactive multimedia d) Interactive multimedia, Storyboard, Verbal description
b) Sketch, Storyboard, Simulation
The following is an example of a product with modular architecture: a) Compact Camera b) Sony Walkman c) High Performance Wheels d) BMW S1000RR Motorcycle
b) Sony Walkman
The fraction of customers who are likely to purchase can be improved by: a) improving distribution arrangement b) changing the product design so that the attractiveness of the product increases c) considering alternative markets d) improving promotion plans
b) changing the product design so that the attractiveness of the product increases
Examples of the Design for environment (DFE) goals for "Materials" life cycle stage include a) planning the most energy efficient shipping b) choosing plentiful, renewable raw materials c) facilitating product disassembly to separate materials d) eliminating or reusing packaging
b) choosing plentiful, renewable raw materials
The design for manufacturing (DFM) decisions have considerable impact on external factors, such as __________ and __________ a) development time; cost b) component reuse; life cycle costs c) development cost; product quality a) product quality; social awareness
b) component reuse; life cycle costs
The concept testing phase comes immediately after the ______________ phase. a) concept generation b) concept selection c) setting target specification d) setting final specification
b) concept selection
To explore both the direct economic impact of investing in Industrial Design(ID) as well as its impact on corporate identity the text book suggests to consider __________, manufacturing and _________ costs a) marketing; testing b) direct; time c) detail design; marketing d) indirect; transportation
b) direct; time
Product architecture is the assignment of the ___________ elements of a product to _____________ building blocks of the product a) functional; conceptual b) functional; physical c) non‐functional; conceptual d) non‐functional; physical
b) functional; physical
Quantity of a product (Q) expected to be sold in a time period will increase with the: a) increase in the price of the product b) increase in the number of potential customers (N) expected to make purchases during the time period c) decrease in the fraction of the potential customers (A) for which the product is available and the customer is aware of the product. d) decrease in the probability (P) that the product is purchased if available and if the customer is aware of it.
b) increase in the number of potential customers (N) expected to make purchases during the time period
Geographically dispersed product development team often opts for a ________ architecture in which development responsibilities can be split according to the chunk boundaries. a) integral b) modular c) either a) or b) d) both a) and b)
b) modular
Variety can be added to the product without adding much complexity to the manufacturing system if the product is built around: a) integral architecture b) modular architecture c) either a) or b) d) both a) and b)
b) modular architecture
The __________architecture allows the firm to _________ the physical changes required to achieve a functional change in a product. a) modular; maximize b) modular; minimize c) integral; minimize d) integral; maximize
b) modular; minimize
One of the examples provided in the text book for variable cost for manufacturing is the cost of __________the intake manifold assembly line. a) setting up a factory for b) raw materials for the required numbers of manifolds to be manufactured in c) the machines and tool d) none of the above
b) raw materials for the required numbers of manifolds to be manufactured in
While choosing a survey population, a larger sample size is favorable if: a) test is primarily intended to gather qualitative data b) required investment to develop and launch the product is relatively high. a) test occurs early in concept development process. b) a relatively large fraction of target market is expected to value the product.
b) required investment to develop and launch the product is relatively high.
As described in the text book, industrial designers try to achieve one of the five critical guidelines: utility, which dictates that the product's human interfaces should be a) communicative regarding the product's maintenance and repair b) safe, easy to use and intuitive c) pleasing as a whole d) aligned with corporate philosophy
b) safe, easy to use and intuitive
. In the preliminary refinement phase, industrial designers build _______models of the most promising concepts typically using __________: a) soft; plastic b) soft; foam or foam‐core board c) hard; dense foam d) hard; wood or metal
b) soft; foam or foam‐core board
One of the core benefit of user‐driven products is derived from: a) keeping the cost low b) the functionality of its interface, and/or its aesthetic appeal. c) its ability to accomplish a specific technical task. d) all of the above
b) the functionality of its interface, and/or its aesthetic appeal.
Once the design concept is established improving environmental performance becomes: a) easier b) time consuming design iterations c) independent of the further decisions made by the development team d) none of the above
b) time consuming design iterations
In the supply chain process delayed differentiation or postponement refers to postponing the differentiation of a product_________________. a) early in the supply chain b) until late in the supply chain c) anytime in the supply chain d) during initial assembly
b) until late in the supply chain
The benefits of using Industrial Design (ID) does not include: a) greater customer satisfaction b) weak brand identity c) increased market share d) increased product appeal
b) weak brand identity
The following is an example of a product with integral architecture: a) Swiss‐Army Knife b) Sony Walkman c) Compact camera d) Swatch
c) Compact camera
The qualitative assessment of important of Industrial Design (ID) includes answering one of the following questions along the dimension of aesthetic need: a) How many user interactions are required for the product's functions? b) How important is ease of use? c) How important are pride of ownership, image and fashion? d) What are the safety issues?
c) How important are pride of ownership, image and fashion?
Which one of the following is the Design for environment (DFE) guideline for "Material" Life Cycle stage? a) Minimal use of resources in production and distribution b) Efficiency of resources during use c) Sustainability of resources d) Appropriate durability
c) Sustainability of resources
The qualitative assessment of important of ID includes answering one of the following questions along the dimension of ergonomic need: a) Is visual product differentiation required? b) How important are pride of ownership, image, and fashion? c) What are the safety issues? d) Will an aesthetic product motivate team?
c) What are the safety issues?
Which of the following is not one of the intended uses of the hard models of the products made by the industrial designers? a) gain additional feedback in focus group b) advertise and promote the product at trade show c) achieve preliminary refinement d) sell the concept to senior management within an organization
c) achieve preliminary refinement
The Industrial Design (ID) process for user‐driven products starts from the ______ of the ___________ phase. a) middle; concept development b) beginning; concept testing c) beginning; concept development d) middle, detail design and refinement
c) beginning; concept development
Which of the following is not one of the common cost drivers in estimating overhead costs? a) cost of any purchased materials b) cost of assembly labor c) cost of transportation d) number of hours of equipment time the product consumes
c) cost of transportation
The first step of the concept testing process is to: a) choose a survey population b) choose a survey format c) define the purpose of the concept test d) communicate the concept
c) define the purpose of the concept test
Examples of Design for environment (DFE) goals for "Production" life cycle stage include a) enabling the recovery and remanufacturing of components b) eliminating or reusing packaging c) eliminating toxic process materials d) choosing plentiful, renewable raw materials
c) eliminating toxic process materials
The first step of the design for manufacturing (DFM) process begins with: a) considering the impact of the design for manufacturing (DFM) decisions on other factors b) estimating the advertising cost c) estimating the manufacturing cost d) reducing the cost of materials
c) estimating the manufacturing cost
While making hard models for further refinement and final concept selection, industrial designers do not use: a) wood b) plastic c) foam‐core board d) metal
c) foam‐core board
. Figure 10‐4 (BMW R1100RS Motorcycle) is an example of optimization of product performance using: a) modular architectural approach of assigning structural‐support function to a frame and the power‐conversion function to the transmission 10‐3 b) integral architectural approach of assigning structural‐support function to a frame and the power‐conversion function to the transmission c) integral architectural approach of assigning both the structural‐support function and the power‐conversion function to the transmission d) none of the above
c) integral architectural approach of assigning both the structural‐support function and the power‐conversion function to the transmission
Effective design for manufacturing (DFM) practice leads to _____ manufacturing cost _________ product quality. a) high; without sacrificing b) low; with considerable sacrifice in c) low; without sacrificing d) high; with considerable sacrifice in
c) low; without sacrificing
To measure the purchase - intent in a scale of 1 to 5, a score of 3 means that the respondent: a) probably would buy the product b) probably would not buy the product c) might or might not buy the product d) would definitely buy the product
c) might or might not buy the product
Design for environment (DFE) provides organizations with a practical method to _________ environmental impacts in an effort to create a ________ sustainable society. a) minimize; less b) maximize; more c) minimize; more d) maximize; less
c) minimize; more
The Design for Assembly (DFA) index is a measure of the ratio of the theoretical _________ assembly time to an estimate of the __________ assembly time for the product. a) maximum; required b) minimum; maximum c) minimum; total d) maximum; actual
c) minimum; total
While choosing a survey population, the development team often selects: a) one particular target market b) two identical target markets c) multiple target markets d) none of the above
c) multiple target markets
The Rolex line of watches used Industrial Design (ID) effectively to establish visual equity and their corporate identity such as: a) striking lines and innovative styling b) simplicity and quality c) quality and prestige d) image of technological innovation
c) quality and prestige
As per textbook, testing product concepts can be divided into _______ steps. a) five b) six c) seven d) eight
c) seven
One of the two properties of a modular architecture is that: a) the functional elements of the product are implemented using more than one chunk b) a single chunk implement many functional elements. c) the interactions between chunks are well‐defined and are generally fundamental to the primary functions of the product d) the interactions between chunks are not at all well‐defined.
c) the interactions between chunks are well‐defined and are generally fundamental to the primary functions of the product
A bill of materials does not include: a) overhead cost b) component assembly cost c) transportation cost d) material cost
c) transportation cost
The Industrial Design Society of America (IDSA) defines industrial design as "the professional service of creating and developing concepts and specifications that optimize the function, _________ and _____________ of products and systems for the mutual benefit of both user and the manufacturer." a) management; demand b) demand; sales c) value; appearance d) distribution; promotion
c) value; appearance
Which one of the following is the Design for environment (DFE) guideline for "Recovery" Life Cycle stage? a) Minimal use of resources in production and distribution b) Efficiency of resources during use c) Sustainability of resources d) Disassembly, separation and purification
d) Disassembly, separation and purification
The qualitative assessment of important of ID includes answering one of the following questions along the dimension of aesthetic need: a) How many user interactions are required for the product's functions? 11‐2 b) How important is ease of maintenance? c) How novel are the user interaction needs? d) Is visual product differentiation required?
d) Is visual product differentiation required?
Which of the following option(s) helps to reduce cost of assembly? a) Increasing numbers of separate parts which need to be assembled b) Minimizing ease of assembly c) Hiring sub‐contractors d) Letting customers partly assemble the product
d) Letting customers partly assemble the product
A design for manufacturing (DFM) process requires ____________to facilitate the integration and sharing views among the development team. a) only product designers b) only manufacturing engineers c) a focus group d) a cross‐functional team
d) a cross‐functional team
The unit manufacturing cost of a product consists costs of: a) components b) assembly c) overhead d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Which of the following survey format(s) can be used in concept testing? a) face‐to face interaction b) telephone or internet c) postal and electronic mail d) all of the above
d) all of the above
While choosing a survey population, a smaller sample size is favorable if: a) the test is primarily intended to assess demand quantitatively b) the test occurs early in concept development process c) surveying customers is relatively costly in time and money d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Design for Environment (DFE) helps to produce new products those: a) do not follow closed loop life cycle. b) follow the linear models of "take, use, waste" product life. c) are inexpensive though unsustainable in the long run. d) are sustainable and cause minimum damage to earth.
d) are sustainable and cause minimum damage to earth.
Industrial designers complete their development process by making ___________drawings of the final concept. a) engineering b) architectural c) utility d) control
d) control
Concept testing is distinct from concept selection in that it is based on__________________ and relies to a lesser degree on ___________ a) judgements made by the development team; data gathered directly from potential customers b) judgements made by the senior managers; data gathered directly from customers c) data gathered directly from customers; judgements made by senior managers d) data gathered directly from potential customers; judgements made by the development team
d) data gathered directly from potential customers; judgements made by the development team
Examples of Design for environment (DFE) goals for "Use" life cycle stage include a) increasing the use of recovered and recycled materials b) specifying process materials that can be fully recovered and recycled c) reducing discard and waste d) eliminating emissions and reducing energy consumption during use.
d) eliminating emissions and reducing energy consumption during use.
The core benefit of technology‐driven products are based on a) ease of use b) functionality of its interface c) its aesthetic appeal d) its ability to accomplish a specific technical task.
d) its ability to accomplish a specific technical task.
While estimating the sales potential the durable products are defined by those which: a) endures extreme weather conditions b) need to be consumed right away c) does not last long, thus have a high rate of repeat purchase d) last several years, thus have a negligible rate of repeat purchase
d) last several years, thus have a negligible rate of repeat purchase
While setting the agenda for the Design for environment (DFE) process, three of the external drivers of DFE are: a) environmental legislation, consumer behavior, and suppliers b) market demand, competition, and ethical responsibilities c) trade organizations, social pressures and consumer behavior d) market demand , trade organizations, and competition
d) market demand , trade organizations, and competition
Project management style for _________ architecture requires careful planning during _________ design. a) integral; system‐level design b) integral; detail design c) modular; detail design d) modular; system‐level design
d) modular; system‐level design
Which of the following way of communications is appropriate for the telephone survey format? a) sketch b) photo or rendering c) storyboard d) verbal description
d) verbal description
