professional nursing

The nurse is assessing a postsurgical patient who is in acute pain. The patient is not willing to change position for x-rays. The nurse tells the patient that a sedative injection will be administered if the patient does not cooperate for the procedure. Which tort is indicated? 1. Assault 2. Battery 3. Invasion of privacy 4. False imprisonment

1 Assault places an apprehensive patient within harmful or offensive contact without consent. In this case, the nurse is threatening to give sedative injections if the patient does not cooperate with the procedure. This is an example of an assault on the patient. Battery is intentional touching without consent. Invasion of privacy refers to the unwanted intrusion into the private affairs of the patient. False imprisonment is an intentional tort in which a patient is restrained without a legal warrant.

The nurse is floated to work on a nursing unit where the assignment is beyond the nurse's capability. Which action would the nurse take? 1. Call the nursing supervisor to discuss the situation. 2. Discuss the problem with a colleague. 3. Leave the nursing unit and go home. 4. Say nothing and begin work.

1 Calling the nursing supervisor as a representative of the hospital administration is the first step in providing notice that a problem may exist related to insufficient staffing. This notice serves to share the burden of knowledge of staffing inequity issues that may create an unsafe patient situation for the hospital and nursing staff. 99%

The nurse is teaching a patient how to adjust insulin dosages based on blood glucose results. This is an example of which type of learning? 1. Cognitive 2. Affective 3. Adaptation 4. Psychomotor

1 Cognitive learning requires thinking; learning how to adjust insulin requires analysis, synthesis, and evaluation, which are all types of cognitive learning. Affective learning might include role play. Adaptation learning occurs when motor skills are developed but can be modified if a problem occurs. Psychomotor learning includes demonstration.

Which basic step of the nursing process includes setting priorities based on the patient's immediate needs? 1. Planning 2. Evaluation 3. Assessment 4. Implementation

1 In the planning phase of the nursing process, priorities are identified based on a patient's needs and expected outcomes. Evaluation involves identifying success or failure in meeting desired outcomes and goals. Assessment involves collecting data about the patient's physical, psychosocial, and spiritual needs. In the implementation step, the nurse performs nursing care therapies.

A patient is abusive and rude with the student nurse. The student nurse documents that the patient is uncooperative and shows symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. As a result, the patient will be transferred to a different floor. Which term best classifies this nurse's error? 1. Libel 2. Slander 3. Malpractice 4. Invasion of privacy

1 Libel is documentation of false entries or defamation of character. The nurse is offended by the patient's behavior, so the nurse documents signs of alcohol withdrawal, even though this is not indicated by rude behavior alone. Slander is oral defamation of character. The nurse is documenting the report, but not verbalizing it, so this is not considered slander. Malpractice is negligence of a professional role. This nursing action does not indicate negligence. Invasion of privacy typically involves releasing a patient's private information without the patient's consent. The nurse has not violated the patient's privacy in this instance.

A 62-year-old woman is being discharged home with her husband after surgery for a hip fracture from a fall at home. Which information would the nurse consider when providing discharge teaching about home safety to this patient and her husband? 1. A safe environment promotes patient activity. 2. Assessment focuses on environmental factors only. 3. Teaching home safety is difficult to do in the hospital setting. 4. Most accidents with the older adult are caused by lifestyle factors.

1 Older adults are frequently fearful of falling and thus often limit activity. A safe environment, which decreases the risk of a fall, promotes patient activity. Assessment focuses on more than just the environmental factors. Teaching home safety can be done in the hospital setting and can be done easily. Most accidents with older adults are caused by home hazards.

Hospital administrators have warned the health care team about invasion of a patient's privacy. Which could have been the reason for this warning? 1. The nurse read text messages on the patient's cell phone. 2. The health care provider asked the nurse to catheterize the patient. 3. The nurse published a report on the patient's condition without his or her consent. 4. The health care team provided cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) without the family's consent.

1 Privacy refers to the patient's right of keeping personal information from being disclosed. Reading text messages on the patient's cell phone is an invasion of the patient's privacy. The health care provider asking the nurse to catheterize a patient is an example of collaborative care by the health care team. Publishing a report on the patient's condition without consent is a breach of confidentiality. Confidentiality protects the patient's information once it has been disclosed in the health care setting. According to health care laws in the United States, CPR should be provided to the patient when required unless the patient has given a "do not resuscitate" (DNR) order. Consent need not be obtained from the family when providing CPR.

The nurse wraps and ties a cloth to prevent bleeding from the site of injury for a patient who is a victim of a traffic accident. The patient is taken to the hospital and presents with signs of infection. Which action will be taken against the nurse? 1. The nurse will not face any action. 2. The nurse will be given a warning for gross negligence. 3. The nurse will face liable charges for not getting an informed consent. 4. The nurse will be sued for not obtaining prescriptions from the health care provider before intervening.

1 The nurse has wrapped a cloth to control bleeding in the patient, thus providing appropriate care at the accident site. The nurse cannot be blamed for the patient's infection because the infection could be caused by many factors. The nurse has not shown gross negligence in this case. The nurse does not need informed consent in the case of a life-saving emergency, nor does the nurse need a prescription from the health care provider before intervening in this case.

The nurse has a new prescription to monitor blood glucose on a patient, so the nurse provides information about the procedure and its purpose to the patient before taking the first measurement. Which phase of the nursing process is represented? 1. Planning 2. Evaluation 3. Assessment 4. Implementation

1 When the nurse monitors blood glucose, the procedure and purpose are explained to the patient during the planning phase of the nursing process. During the evaluation phase, the nurse observes the puncture site for bleeding or tissue injury and compares the glucose meter reading with normal blood glucose levels and previous test results. During the assessment phase, the nurse gathers data that will determine whether the patient needs a blood glucose test. During the implementation phase, the nurse punctures the site for collecting the blood drop to find the patient's glucose level.

Which quality will enable the patient to perform dressing changes at home? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. Adequate strength 2. Sensory acuity 3. Coordination 4. A caregiver's attitude 5. Self-esteem

1,2,3 The patient should have enough strength to get up and perform dressing changes. The patient should also possess sensory acuity and proper coordination to perform and learn the required tasks. A caregiver's attitude is required when providing care to others. Having self-esteem is unrelated to performing dressing changes.

The nurse is designing a teaching plan for a patient to prevent urinary tract infections. When planning the teaching, which factor would the nurse keep in mind? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. It should cater to the needs of the patient. 2. Teaching should be problem based. 3. Provide only necessary information. 4. Teaching should be based on mutually exclusive experiences. 5. It should prompt the learner to engage in activities that lead to a desired change.

1,2,3,5 Before preparing the teaching plan, the nurse should understand the patient's needs. The nurse should consider the problem the patient is facing and provide only the necessary information. This will help prevent information overload for the patient. The objective of the teaching is to educate the patient about the prevention of urinary tract infections. Therefore the teaching should prompt the patient to adopt preventive measures against urinary tract infections. The teaching should be based on real-life experiences rather than mutually exclusive ones.

The nurse is explaining the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) to a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. People with HIV who are asymptomatic also come under the category of disabled people. 2. People with HIV have the right to decide whether to disclose their infection. 3. Health care workers have the choice to not treat patients who are HIV positive. 4. Health care professionals who are HIV positive can also choose to decide whether to disclose their infection. 5. The motive of the ADA is to provide equal opportunities for people with disabilities.

1,2,4,5 According to the ADA, HIV is considered a disability. This act gives individuals with HIV the opportunity to decide whether to disclose their disability. Health care providers may choose not to disclose the fact that they have HIV. This act aims at removing any discrimination and providing equal opportunities for people with disabilities. Health care workers cannot discriminate against patients who are HIV positive.

The nurse is learning about negligence in unintentional torts. Which action would the nurse consider as a common act of negligence? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. Failure to follow prescriptions 2. Failure to perform malpractice 3. Failure to document monitoring 4. Failure to follow policies and guidelines 5. Failure to explain the risks of a surgery to a patient

1,3,4 Failure to follow prescriptions is an act of negligence because it is the duty of the nurse to follow all given prescriptions. Documentation of monitoring is one of the best practices to prevent legal issues and is important to communicate with other health care team members. Policies and guidelines are created in accordance with laws and regulations, so they should be followed. Malpractice is professional negligence and should be avoided. Explaining the risks of a medical procedure to a patient is not the nurse's responsibility.

The nurse is working the night shift in an emergency department. The nurse receives a patient who is violent toward the staff. The patient is uncooperative and hysterical. The nurse decides to use restraints on this patient. Which is an indication for using restraints? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. There is a written prescription from the health care provider. 2. The patient is hysterical. 3. All other less restrictive interventions are unsuccessful. 4. The patient may harm other patients. 5. The nurse and three other nurses agree on restraining.

1,3,4 The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and The Joint Commission have stipulated that the nurse may apply restraints only when absolutely necessary. Restraints are allowed when the patient poses a danger to other residents, all other means of restriction have failed, and there is a written directive from a health care practitioner. It is against the law and unethical to restrain a patient who is hysterical. The nurse cannot restrain any patient without prescriptions from the health care provider, even with the agreement of three other nurses.

A patient tells the nurse, "I seldom take the blood pressure medications that have been prescribed for me." Which patient-focused approach does the nurse use to promote adherence to the treatment plan? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. Implement the use of motivational interviewing. 2. Discuss the nonadherence with the health care team. 3. Educate the patient about the importance of following the treatment plan. 4. Provide the patient with verbal guidance and a written copy of the individualized plan for treatment. 5. Provide education using a teach-back approach to assess the patient's understanding of adherence to treatment.

1,3,4,5 A patient-focused approach to address nonadherence with treatment includes implementing the use of motivational interviewing to empower the patient to set feasible goals, educating the patient about the importance of following the treatment plan, providing verbal guidance and a written copy of the treatment plan, and providing education using a teach-back approach to assess the patient's understanding of adherence to treatment. Discussing a patient's nonadherence with a care team is a systems-focused approach.

Which statement made by the nursing student about effective teaching indicates effective learning? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. "Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs." 2. "Teaching is a process of both understanding and applying newly acquired concepts." 3. "Teaching is the concept of imparting knowledge through a series of directed activities." 4. "Teaching is the purposeful acquisition of new knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills through an experience or external stimulus." 5. "Teaching consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions that help individuals gain new knowledge, change attitudes, adopt new behaviors, or perform new skills."

1,3,5 Teaching is most effective when it responds to the learner's needs. The learner's needs are assessed by asking questions and determining the learner's interest. Teaching is the concept of imparting knowledge through a series of directed activities. Effective teaching consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions that help the learner gain new knowledge, change attitudes, adopt new behaviors, or perform new skills. Learning, not teaching, is a process of both understanding and applying newly acquired concepts. Likewise, learning is purposeful attainment of new knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills through an experience or external stimulus.

Which criterion can be used to establish nursing malpractice? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. The nurse owed a duty to a patient. 2. The nurse followed the instructions given for a patient. 3. The nurse did not follow a prescribed intervention for a patient. 4. The nurse conveyed appropriate discharge instructions to the patient. 5. The nurse's failure to carry out a duty caused an injury to the patient.

1,3,5 If the nurse owed a duty to a patient, did not perform the given duty, and if the failure to perform that duty caused injury to the patient, then the nurse could be liable for nursing malpractice. Following the given instructions for a patient and conveying appropriate discharge instructions are both examples of good and ethical nursing practice. These actions would not make the nurse liable for nursing malpractice.

A patient with chronic diabetes is started on insulin therapy. The nurse has to teach the patient how to self-administer insulin and to adjust the insulin dosage according to blood sugar levels. Which domain is required for this learning? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. Cognitive 2. Affective 3. Attentive 4. Psychomotor 5. Psychosensory

1,4 Learning to self-administer insulin injections is a skill of the psychomotor domain. It requires complex mental and muscular coordination to complete the tasks. Adjusting dosages appropriately is a skill of the cognitive domain, as it requires thinking, analyzing, and making an accurate judgment. The affective domain deals with acceptance of values and attitudes. "Attentive" and "Psychosensory" are not domains of learning.

A patient has a fractured femur that is placed in skeletal traction with a fresh plaster cast applied. The patient experiences decreased sensation and a cold feeling in the toes of the affected leg. The nurse observes that the patient's toes have become pale and cold but forgets to document this because one of the nurse's other patients experienced cardiac arrest at the same time. Two days later the patient in skeletal traction has an elevated temperature, and he is prepared for surgery to amputate the leg below the knee. Which statement regarding a breach of duty applies to this situation? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. Failure to document a change in assessment data 2. Failure to provide discharge instructions 3. Failure to follow the six rights of medication administration 4. Failure to use proper medical equipment prescribed for patient monitoring 5. Failure to notify a health care provider about a change in the patient's condition

1,5 The failure to document a change in assessment data and the failure to notify a health care provider about a change in patient status reflect a breach of duty to the patient. A breach of duty is not doing what a reasonably prudent nurse would do under similar circumstances in the same geographic area. The patient is not ready for discharge instructions, so that would not be a breach of duty. Failure to follow the six rights of medication administration does not apply because, in this situation, the nurse is not giving medications. Failure to use proper medical equipment for patient monitoring does not apply to this situation because the patient is not on monitoring.

A terminally ill patient does not want to be resuscitated if complications arise. Which document would record the patient's wishes regarding treatment? 1. Nurse's records 2. Living will 3. Health care proxies 4. Durable powers of attorney

2 A living will contains the decisions about medical procedures a patient would undergo or not undergo when terminally ill or in a vegetative state. The nurse's records are written documents maintained by the nurse about the daily care provided to the patient. Health care proxies or durable powers of attorney are legal documents that designate a person to make decisions on the patient's behalf. These documents are used when the patient is no longer capable of making decisions.

Which statement about advance directives is accurate? 1. A living will allows an appointed person to make health care decisions when the patient is in an incapacitated state. 2. A living will is invoked only when the patient has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state. 3. The patient cannot make changes in the advance directive once admitted to the hospital. 4. A durable power of attorney for health care is invoked only when the patient has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state.

2 A living will is invoked when the patient has a terminal condition or is in a persistent vegetative state and ensures that the patient's end-of-life wishes are carried out. A living will does not assign another individual to make decisions for the patient; rather it explains the patient's wishes, which were determined by the patient prior to the illness. A durable power of attorney for health care is active when patients are incapacitated or cognitively impaired and cannot make decisions for themselves. A patient with a terminal illness is still able, in many cases, to make decisions about their care. A cognitively intact patient may change an advance directive at any time.

The nurse has been falsely accused of providing inadequate care to a patient by another nurse. The nurse has received praise in the past for providing quality care to the patients. Which tort does this indicate? 1. Libel 2. Slander 3. Malpractice 4. Invasion of privacy

2 Because the nurse has received praise in the past for providing quality care to patients, the implication is that the nurse provides quality care. Another nurse accusing this nurse of providing inadequate patient care is indicative of slander, which occurs when one person speaks falsely about others. Libel refers to written defamation of character. Malpractice refers to actions performed below the standard of care. Invasion of privacy refers to unwanted intrusion into the patient's personal affairs.

Which learning domain involves learning about a disease and understanding how it relates to another condition? 1. Affective 2. Cognitive 3. Psychosocial 4. Psychomotor

2 Cognitive learning occurs when a patient acquires knowledge and comprehends it to gain information about his or her condition. Because the patient is not expressing feelings, opinions, or values about the disease, the patient is not exhibiting affective learning. "Psychosocial" is not a learning domain; rather, psychosocial adaptation involves a patient coming to terms with a temporary or permanent loss of health. Psychomotor learning (integrating mental and muscular activity to learn about a disease) is not involved.

Which patient action reflects that the patient is ready to learn how to self-administer a subcutaneous injection? 1. Describes difficulties a family member has had in taking insulin 2. Expresses the importance of performing the skill correctly 3. Sees and understands the markings on the syringe 4. Has the dexterity needed to prepare and inject the medication

2 Patients are ready to learn when they understand the importance of performing and are motivated to learn. Describing difficulties a family member has had with taking insulin, the ability to see and understand the markings on the syringe, and dexterity to prepare the medication are important considerations, but they do not demonstrate readiness to learn.

A student nurse who has not been trained to administer medications is assisting a registered nurse while caring for various patients in the general ward. Which intervention by the student nurse may result in a malpractice lawsuit? 1. Collecting the vital signs of a patient 2. Administering a subcutaneous injection 3. Checking the body mass index of a patient 4. Assisting the registered nurse with an enteral nutrition feeding

2 Student nurses should not perform tasks if they are unprepared because their actions can cause harm to patients. Administering a subcutaneous injection without proper preparation may lead to patient harm and expose the student nurse to a malpractice lawsuit. The student nurse can collect vital signs because this does not cause harm to the patient and is within the scope of practice for a student nurse. Checking the patient's body mass index is within the scope of practice for a student nurse. The student nurse can assist the registered nurse while providing enteral nutrition. Because this is done under the supervision of a licensed professional, the nurse will not face a malpractice lawsuit.

Which approach is used to determine the outcome of patient teaching? 1. Entrusting 2. Teach-back 3. Reinforcing 4. Participating

2 Teach-back is a closed-loop communication technique that assesses patient retention of information imparted during a teaching session. The teach-back method is one way to evaluate patient understanding, which is an outcome of patient teaching. The entrusting approach provides patients with the opportunity to manage self-care. A learner who receives reinforcement before or after a desired learning behavior is more likely to repeat that behavior. In the participating approach the nurse and the patient set objectives and become involved in the learning process together

Which nursing action is an example of teaching to a patient's cognitive learning style? 1. Giving patients examples of other patients' experiences 2. Verbally explaining to the patient how to use the wheelchair 3. Asking the patient to demonstrate the use of the wheelchair after teaching 4. Showing the patient how to use the wheelchair

2 The cognitive domain of learning involves discussion of specific patient concerns. Therefore the action of the nurse verbally teaching the patient about the use of the wheelchair is an example of the cognitive domain of teaching. In the affective domain of teaching, the nurse will allow the patient to learn from others' experiences. Psychomotor teaching enables the patients to perform skills as observed. Therefore showing the patient how to use the wheelchair and asking the patient to demonstrate its use is an example of psychomotor teaching.

Which action by a patient demonstrates effective learning about how to care for a new tracheostomy? 1. Verbalizes understanding of the teaching 2. Performs tracheostomy care with little assistance 3. Asks questions about how to clean and care for the tracheostomy 4. Verbalizes having a difficult time adjusting to the new tracheostomy

2 The teach-back method, which involves a patient providing a return demonstration of the techniques previously taught by the nurse, is the most effective way of evaluating learning. Therefore the patient who performs tracheostomy care with little help best demonstrates effective learning. The patient who simply verbalizes understanding of teaching does not demonstrate effective learning if he or she cannot teach-back the information. The patient who asks questions about how to clean and care for the tracheostomy needs additional teaching and learning. The patient who verbalizes that he or she is having a hard time adjusting to a new tracheostomy necessitates further exploration of feelings and reassurance by the nurse.

When witnessing a patient giving informed consent prior to undergoing surgery, which action should the nurse perform? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. If the patient refuses to sign the consent, leave the situation as it is. 2. Confirm that the patient has understood the information about the surgery. 3. Inform the health care provider if the patient refuses to undergo the surgery. 4. Sign the consent form as a witness once the patient voluntarily gives consent. 5. Ask a nursing student to witness the informed consent if the nurse is busy.

2,3,4 The patient needs to understand the surgical procedure and voluntarily give consent, so the nurse should enquire about the patient's understanding and answer any questions. If the patient refuses to undergo the surgery, the nurse should inform the health care provider, so any harmful consequences of refusal can be explained to the patient. The nurse's signature witnessing the consent means that the patient voluntarily gave consent, that the signature is authentic, and that the patient appears to be competent to give consent. If the patient refuses to sign the consent in spite of repeated explanations, this rejection should be documented, signed, and witnessed. Because of the legal nature of the document, a nursing student should not be asked to witness informed consent forms.

The nurse is teaching a group of patients about the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). Which statement regarding privacy and confidentiality is true? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. All persons can view the medical records of a patient. 2. Nurses should help organizations protect a patient's right to confidentiality. 3. Nurses have the right to discuss a patient's health information in public places. 4. Privacy is the right of patients to keep personal information from being disclosed. 5. Patients have the right to consent to the disclosure of their protected health information.

2,4,5 In the privacy section of HIPAA, the standards regarding accountability in the health care setting are discussed. Nurses should help organizations protect the patient's rights to confidentiality, which includes protecting private information. Privacy is the right of patients to keep personal information from being disclosed. HIPAA provides patients the right to consent to the use and disclosure of their protected health information, to inspect and copy their medical records, and to amend mistaken or incomplete information. The law limits who is able to access a patient's record; such records are not widely accessible. The law stipulates that nurses and health care providers must avoid discussing a patient's health information in public places.

The nurse is preparing to give cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to a patient with cardiac arrest. The health care provider orders the nurse and code team to avoid resuscitating the patient. Which reason for this is most likely? 1. The patient is unlikely to benefit from CPR. 2. The patient does not have a written order for CPR. 3. The patient has given a "do not resuscitate" (DNR) order. 4. The patient's family has not yet given consent to resuscitate the patient.

3 According to health care laws in the United States, CPR is to be given to all appropriate patients unless the patient has given a DNR order. CPR has been known to be very effective in reviving patients with cardiac arrest. There is no written order required for performing CPR; performing CPR is based on the patient's condition. The health care provider or the nurse need not obtain consent from the patient's family to give CPR.

The home-health nurse notices significant bruising on a 2-year-old child's head, arms, abdomen, and legs. The patient's mother describes the child's frequent falls. Which nursing action is best for the home-health nurse to take? 1. Document the findings and treat the child. 2. Instruct the mother on safe handling of a 2-year-old child. 3. Contact a child abuse hotline. 4. Discuss this story with a colleague

3 Nurses are mandated reporters of suspected child abuse. Significant bruising on a 2-year-old child's head, arms, abdomen, and legs possibly indicate child abuse. It is not enough to document the findings, instruct the mother on safe handling of the child, or discuss the story with a colleague.

The nurse notes that the health care unit keeps a listing of the patient names at the front desk in easy view of health care providers to more efficiently locate the patient. Which act does this action violate? 1. Mental Health Parity Act (MHPA) 2. Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) 3. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) 4. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)

3 The privacy rule of HIPAA requires patient information be protected from unnecessary publication. The MHPA addresses the needs of the mental health patient, the PSDA addresses a patient's right to refuse treatment and formulate advance directives, and the EMTALA ensures appropriate screening and stabilization of the patient in an emergency setting.

The nurse is sued for failure to monitor a patient appropriately after a procedure. Which statement is correct about this lawsuit? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. The nurse represents the plaintiff. 2. The defendant must prove injury, damage, or loss. 3. The person filing the lawsuit has the burden of proof. 4. The plaintiff must prove that a breach in the prevailing standard of care caused an injury. 5. The nurse is a witness.

3,4 The patient as plaintiff must prove that the defendant nurse had a duty, breached the duty, and because of this breach caused the patient injury or damage. Thus the plaintiff has the burden of proof. The nurse is the defendant, not a witness.

A nursing student is learning about the role of the State Board of Nursing. Which function is true of the State Board of Nursing? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1. Provides for the rights of patients and protects employees 2. Gives nursing home residents the right to be free of restraints 3. Can suspend the license of the nurse who violates licensing provisions 4. Licenses all registered nurses in the state in which they practice 5.Has to follow due process before revoking or suspending a license

3,4,5 The State Board of Nursing can suspend or revoke a license if the nurse's conduct violates provisions in the licensing statute. The State Board of Nursing is the governing body and issues licenses to all registered nurses in the state in which they practice. The State Board of Nursing has to follow due process before revoking or suspending a license; nurses must be notified of the charges against them and be given an opportunity to defend themselves in a hearing. The rights of patients and protection of employees were formulated under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). The right of residents of registered nursing homes to be free of restraints was granted by the Federal Nursing Home Reform Act (1987).

The nurse provides education about tobacco use for a group of community members. Which statement made by a member of the group indicates the need for further teaching? 1. "Secondhand smoke can cause lung cancer." 2. "Sixteen different types of cancer have been linked to tobacco use." 3. "The use of electronic cigarettes is on the rise in both middle and high school teens." 4. "Electronic cigarettes are safer than regular cigarettes because they do not contain nicotine."

4 Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) contain nicotine and other chemicals that negatively affect a person's health. Secondhand smoke can cause lung cancer and other health issues. Sixteen different types of cancer have been linked to tobacco use, including lung, mouth and throat, bladder, stomach, and liver. The use of electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, is on the rise in both middle and high school teens.

A homeless man enters the emergency department seeking health care. The health care provider indicates that the patient needs to be transferred to the city hospital for care. Which law does this action most likely violate? 1. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) 2. Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) 3. Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) 4. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)

4 The EMTALA requires that in an emergency situation the patient must be stabilized before a transfer is appropriate. HIPAA addresses privacy issues, the PSDA addresses a patient's right to refuse treatment and formulate advance directives, and the ADA deals with equal access for all individuals.

The nurse teaches a patient with diabetes how to use a glucometer and then asks the patient to use the glucometer to measure his or her blood sugar. The nurse is using which teaching method? 1. Practice 2. Demonstration 3. Independent projects 4. Return demonstration

4 The nurse shows the patient how to use the glucometer and then asks the patient to measure his or her blood glucose level using the glucometer, which indicates that the nurse is using the return demonstration teaching method. If the nurse gives the patient an opportunity to perform skills using equipment in a controlled setting, it indicates the practice method. If the nurse provides a presentation of procedures or skills, it indicates the demonstration method. If the nurse promotes adaptation and origination of psychomotor learning, it indicates the independent project method.

The nurse includes role play, imitation, and play in the teaching method to make learning fun. The nurse is teaching which age-group of children? 1. Infant 2. Adolescent 3. School-aged 4. Preschooler

4 The nurse uses role play, imitation, and play to make learning fun for a preschooler. For an infant, the nurse would maintain routines; however, an infant would be unable to engage in role pay and imitation. The nurse uses problem solving to help adolescents make choices but would not engage them in play. The nurse teaches a school-aged child the psychomotor skills required to maintain health

Which domain is required for learning to use a walker? 1. Affective domain 2. Cognitive domain 3. Attentional domain 4. Psychomotor domain

4 Using a walker requires the integration of mental and muscular activity. Affective domain expresses feelings and attitudes through discussion or role play. Cognitive domain would be useful if the nurse was telling the patient how to use a walker. Attentional domain allows a learner to focus on a particular skill.

A patient is brought to the hospital after a motor vehicle accident. Which law makes it mandatory for the health care agency to provide emergency care to patients before transferring them to other hospitals? 1. Good Samaritan laws 2. Mental Health Parity Act 3. Americans With Disabilities Act 4. Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act

4. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act states that a patient who is brought to the emergency room of any hospital should be stabilized before being transferred. Good Samaritan laws protect people who provide help or first aid to victims with good intention. The Mental Health Parity Act forbids health plans from placing lifetime or annual limits on mental health coverage. The Americans With Disabilities Act protects the rights of people with physical or mental disabilities.