Programming Languages

self-compiler is one that is

A compiler that is written in the language it compiles

What is a just-in-time compiler

A compiler that translates byte code into machine language immediately before each execution of the program.

What makes a programming language successful?

Expressive Power, Ease of Use for Novice, Ease of Implementation, Standardization, Open Source, Excellent Compilers, Economics, Patronage, Inertia

What is generally considered the first high-level programming languages

FORTRAN

In what ways are high level languiages an improvement on assembly language? In what circumstances does it still make sense to program in assembler

Gets away from any particular processor architecture.Reduced the number of statements that had to be written by a factor of 20.To write a compiler?

What was the first functional programming language?

LISP

What distinguishes the front end of a compiler from the back end?

The front end is concerned with determining what the program means. The back end with producing the corresponding target code representation

What organization spearheded the development of Ada?

Was created for standardization in the DOD

Is Java compiled or interpreted?

both

What is the difference between machine languages and assembly languages?

gives mnemonic names to instructions, registers, ect

Name three languages in each following categories: von Neumann, functional, object-oriented, Name two logic languages. Name two widely-used concurrent languages

von: Frotron, Algol, Cobol, C O-O: Simula, Java, C++