Properies of Water
What are the unique properties of water?
1. Frozen water floats on liquid water. 2. Water covers most of the Earth's surface and retains a large amount of heat. 3. Water molecules are cohesive and stick to each other through hydrogen bonds.
Water can move up paper, against gravity, due to?
Capillary Action
What causes capillary effect?
Capillary action is caused by adhesion.
Why does water move from the roots to the leaves of the plants?
Capillary action pulls the water molecules up.
The attraction that causes water and other liquids to form drops on thin films is called? This is also water's ability to be attraction to other water molecules.
Cohesion
Ionic Substances
Dissolve in water through ion-dipole interactions.
Water is an excellent solvent
- Ionic substances are soluble in water because the poles of the polar water molecules interact with the ionic substances and separate them into ions - "Hydrophilic" describes things that dissolve in water - "Hydrophobic" doesn't dissolve in water because nonpolar covalent
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
Adhesion
Water is the only substance on Earth that naturally exists in?
All three states Solid, Liquid and Gaseous
Adhesion
An attraction between molecules of different substances.
Why does ice float?
As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.
Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
As water freezes, the molecules form a crystalline structure that spaces the molecules further apart than in liquid water.
Cohesion
Attraction between molecules of the same substance.
How are adhesion and cohesion similar?
Both are about sticking to something.
Hydrophilic
Having an affinity for water.
Hydrophobic
Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water.
The reason the water balloon did not pop while held over a flame is water's?
High specific heat capacity
Which atom in a water molecule is positively charged?
Hydrogen (H)
What type of chemical bond exists between to water molecules?
Hydrogen Bond
Attraction between water molecules are called?
Hydrogen Bonds
What two elements make up water?
Hydrogen and Oxygen
Ice freezes at the top of a pond and protects the water life underneath. What property of water is key in this situation?
Ice is less dense than water.
Water is a polar because?
It has a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.
Water has a high heat capacity.
It takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of a certain amount of water by a degree.
Because of specific heat what warms up faster?
Land
Which atom in the water molecule is negatively charged?
Oxygen (O)
What property of water helps moderate earth's temperature?
Specific heat capacity
A water strider can walk across the surface of a small pond because?
Surface Tension
What is capillary effect (capillary action)?
The ability of a liquid to flow against gravity up a narrow tube.
Specific Heat
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree celcius.
Surface tension (of Water)
The intermolecular hydrogen bonds between molecules of water at the surface.
Why is water considered a polar molecule?
The oxygen end of the molecule has a slight negative charge, and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge.
If you put a fine mesh screen under a bottle of water the water will not pour out. Why?
The surface tension of the water holds the water molecules together.
When you mix salad oil and water they immediately separate because?
Water does not dissolve oil.
Water being a "universal solvent" is misleading because?
Water is able to dissolve other polar molecules and ions. However, nonpolar molecules like oil lack partial positive or partial negative charges.
Water has cohesive and adhesive properties.
Water molecules have strong cohesive forces due to there abilities to form hydrogen bonds with one another. Water also has adhesive properties that allow it to stick to substances other than itself.