Psych&100-- Ch12 Quiz

Who was the social psychology professor at Yale who designed an obedience study in order to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis? Dr. Ruth Dr. Phil McGraw Dr. Stanley Milgram Dr. Phil Phillips

Dr. Stanley Milgram

Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment? Zimbardo Rosenthal Asch Milgram

Zimbardo

Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion? anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

________ refers to prejudice and discrimination against individuals based solely on their same-sex orientation. homophilia sexism misogyny homophobia

homophobia

In California, undocumented migrants are often blamed for high unemployment in the state, although statistics show that high unemployment is not related to the number of illegal migrants. In this example, illegal migrants are victims of ________: the act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal. scapegoating in-group bias confirmation bias discrimination

scapegoating

Fatima generalizes that all men are irresponsible players, cheaters, and liars. When it comes to men, Fatima may be applying ________: negative beliefs about individuals based solely on their membership in a group. cognitive dissonance social exchange stereotypes diffusion of responsibility

stereotypes

Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias? Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams. Leonard gets bad grades in sociology and psychology, so he switches his major to biology because he will like it more. Leonard gets a bad grade in his psychology class and a good grade in his sociology class, so he believes he should study harder to prepare for his next psychology exam. Leonard gets good grades in sociology and psychology, so he sends his professors a card thanking them for what good professors they are.

Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.

What is the just-world hypothesis? a belief common in the United States that rejects the idea that people get the outcomes they deserve an ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve an ideology common in the United States that the rich are bad people who will eventually be punished a belief common in the United States that we will be rewarded in the afterlife

an ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a ________. confirmation prejudice confirmation preference confirmation preconception confirmation bias

confirmation bias

Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism? teaching children to conform to social expectations that discourage racism in public but ignore racism as long as it is privately expressed teaching children to avoid situations that might lead them to witness racism teaching children to ignore racism until we have eliminated racism from our society teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism