Proteins

nine

How many indispensable amino acids are there?

Incomplete protein

Protein foods that are deficient in one or more of the nine indispensable amino acids.

Complete protein

Protein foods that contains all nine indispensable amino acids in sufficient quantity and ratio to meet the body's needs.

Amino acids

The building blocks of proteins.

State of stability

The state of dynamic equilibrium in which protein breakdown is equal to protein synthesis.

Complementary proteins?

Combining incomplete plant proteins with complete proteins that allows appropriate intake of proteins in the diet or higher quality protein.

Structural proteins

Compose parts of the body cells and tissues (Collagen;Myosin); provides strength and support; binds parts together.

Negative nitrogen balance

Condition occurring when the body excretes more nitrogen than it takes in.

Functional proteins

Performs a variety of different functions such as antibodies, hormones and enzymes.

Metabolism

Processes responsible for synthesis and breakdown of proteins, amino acids and maybe other large particles too with catabolism.

Structural and functional proteins

When proteins are broken down into their simplest form or amino acids, they can be reassembled in the body to form a variety of proteins.

Positive Nitrogen

When the body takes in more nitrogen than it excretes.

Indispensable amino acid

Amino acids that the body cannot make at all or cannot make enough of to meet physiological needs. Must be supplied in the diet.

Dispensable amino acids

Amino acids that the body synthesizes.

Gelatin

Animal origin protein with little dietary protein value.

Catabolism

Break down of proteins into amino acids.

Foods that are high in protein

Breast milk, cow's milk, eggs, cheese, meat, soy beans and soy products.

The primary function of protein in the diet is?

Building and maintain body tissue.

The primary function of protein?

Building and repairing body tissues.

Animal proteins that have the highest amount of dietary value.

Egg, meat, milk, poultry,cheese, fish.

Animal products

In one diet the greatest proportion of indispensable amino acids are provided by what foods?

Examples of conditions where positive nitrogen would be present?

Infancy, Childhood, Adolescence, Pregnancy, Lactation.

Lacto-ovo vegetarian

Mixed diet of plant and dairy excluding meat and fish.

Proteins.

Nitrogen is the element that is contained in _______ and not contained in carbohydrates and fats

Vegan

No animal foods consumed.

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Proteins are built from simpler organic compounds called?

Anabolism

Re-synthesis of amino acids into new tissue proteins.

Conditionally indispensable amino acids

Six amino acids that normally are considered dispensable amino acids because the body can make them. However, under certain circumstances such as illness, the body cannot make them in high enough quantities and they become indispensable in the diet.

Protein Balance

The intake and output of protein and the nitrogen that it supplies.

Two waste products of protein in metabolism?

Urea and ammonia.

Lacto-vegetarian

Vegetarian that only eats dairy products from animal sources with a variety of grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables.

Octo-vegetarian

Vegetarian that only include eggs in their diet because of the excellent source of complete protein.

What are other functions of protein in the body?

Water balance through osmotic pressure, digestion and metabolism through enzymatic action, cell signaling (insulin) and transport(hemoglobin and transferrin, immunity(antibodies).

0.8g/kg per day

What is the RDA for protein intake for healthy adults?

Because they lack one or more of the nine indispensable amino acids

Why are proteins from "plant" resources such as grains, nuts, and legumes called incomplete proteins?