Pruitt Ch 8 (much better than Cammy's, if you study his you will most likely fail. If you study this one you are GUARANTEED a better grade than if you study cammy's) and this is also better than Lyell's, who attempted to copy my titles.

haploid

having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

nondisjunction

he failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division.

x-linked

of or relating to a trait controlled by a gene or genes on the X chromosome.

diploid

ontaining two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

recessive

opposite of dominant, these will always be LOWERCASE (see what i did there ;))

genotype

the genetic makeup of an organism

phenotype

the observed trait

G mendel

Augustinian monk and botanist who formulated the laws of heredity based on his careful breeding experiments on garden pea plants. The father of genetics

heterozygous

Having two different alleles for a different trait

homozygous

Having two identical alleles for a given trait

principal of independant assortment

The inheritance of alleles for one trait does not affect the inheritance of alleles for another trait

multifactoral

When characteristics are determined by several genes (plus environ mental variables)

mutation

a chemical change in a gene, resulting in a new allele

translocation

a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes.

Down's Syndrome

a condition in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally and physically.

cystic fibrosis

a hereditary disorder affecting the exocrine glands. It causes the production of abnormally thick mucus, leading to the blockage of the pancreatic ducts, intestines, and bronchi.

sickle cell anemia (Mr. Pruitt said this would not be on there)

a severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels.

Barr body

a small, densely staining structure in the cell nuclei of female mammals, consisting of a condensed, inactive X chromosome. It is regarded as diagnostic of genetic femaleness.

dominant

a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it (if dark hair is dominant, and one parent contributes a gene for light hair and the other contributes a gene for dark hair, the offsprings hair will be dark)

probability

an area in mathematics that predicts the chances that a certain event will occur

first and foremost

before you even start studying this, make an outline for extra points

Lyell- stop copying my titles

cam my- no one is going to study your quizlet, son

principal of segregation

during meiosis, chromosome pairs separate into different gametes so each of the two alleles for a given trait appears in a different gamete

codominance

when both alleles in a heterozygous organism are expressed