Pruitt Ch 8 (much better than Cammy's, if you study his you will most likely fail. If you study this one you are GUARANTEED a better grade than if you study cammy's) and this is also better than Lyell's, who attempted to copy my titles.
haploid
having a single set of unpaired chromosomes
nondisjunction
he failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division.
x-linked
of or relating to a trait controlled by a gene or genes on the X chromosome.
diploid
ontaining two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
recessive
opposite of dominant, these will always be LOWERCASE (see what i did there ;))
genotype
the genetic makeup of an organism
phenotype
the observed trait
G mendel
Augustinian monk and botanist who formulated the laws of heredity based on his careful breeding experiments on garden pea plants. The father of genetics
heterozygous
Having two different alleles for a different trait
homozygous
Having two identical alleles for a given trait
principal of independant assortment
The inheritance of alleles for one trait does not affect the inheritance of alleles for another trait
multifactoral
When characteristics are determined by several genes (plus environ mental variables)
mutation
a chemical change in a gene, resulting in a new allele
translocation
a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes.
Down's Syndrome
a condition in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally and physically.
cystic fibrosis
a hereditary disorder affecting the exocrine glands. It causes the production of abnormally thick mucus, leading to the blockage of the pancreatic ducts, intestines, and bronchi.
sickle cell anemia (Mr. Pruitt said this would not be on there)
a severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels.
Barr body
a small, densely staining structure in the cell nuclei of female mammals, consisting of a condensed, inactive X chromosome. It is regarded as diagnostic of genetic femaleness.
dominant
a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it (if dark hair is dominant, and one parent contributes a gene for light hair and the other contributes a gene for dark hair, the offsprings hair will be dark)
probability
an area in mathematics that predicts the chances that a certain event will occur
first and foremost
before you even start studying this, make an outline for extra points
Lyell- stop copying my titles
cam my- no one is going to study your quizlet, son
principal of segregation
during meiosis, chromosome pairs separate into different gametes so each of the two alleles for a given trait appears in a different gamete
codominance
when both alleles in a heterozygous organism are expressed