PS 1010
Totalitarian states
(1) attempt to maintain power at all costs. 2) try to create a utopian society. 3) make the servicing of the state the highest duty of each citizen.
Those who favor unicameral legislatures argue which of the following?
1) Unicameral legislatures are more efficient. 2) Unicameral legislatures are more accountable to the citizens. 3) Unicameral legislatures incur fewer expenses.
Saudi Arabia has ______________ provinces.
13
In _________, Europe was struck with a number of revolutions. This year has come to be known as the Year of Revolutions.
1848
The Soviet Union formally collapsed in
1991
The 10 nonpermanent members of the UN Security Council each serve a rotating __________ term.
2 year
The Federal Communication Commission (FCC) is composed of ___________ members.
5
Today, Russia is considered a(an)
A mixture of both democratic and authoritarian state
Elections to the German lower house, the Bundestag follow this type of electoral model.
A personalized proportional representation system
This hybrid approach to elections combines elements of winner-take-all with those of proportional representation.
A personalized proportional representation system
He was the Pakistani scientist who sold nuclear secrets to the highest bidders.
A.Q. Khan
His book The Wealth of Nations outlines the benefits of a free market system of economics.
Adam Smith
_____________ was very fearful of the potential of a(n) ______________ that was just as authoritarian in character as any autocratic regime.
Adam Smith; democracy
Which one of the following is NOT one of the key assumptions of collective security? 1) Wars are caused by aggressive states. 2) Aggressors must be stopped. 3) Aggressors are easily identified. 4) Aggressors are always wrong. 5) Aggressors will know that the international community will do nothing to stop them.
Aggressors will know that the international community will do nothing to stop them.
This terrorist group was responsible for the attacks on September 11, 2001.
Al Qaeda
A winner-take-all system of elections is defined best by the following description:
An electoral model where every vote is given to the candidate who receives the most votes, even those who did not vote for him/her.
The ________________ refers to the democratic movements that have spread across the Middle East in 2011.
Arab Spring
Which philosopher was the first to associate the concept of virtue to ethical human behavior?
Aristotle
Which of the following statements about 18-24 year old voting turnout rates in the 2008 presidential election is true?
As a percentage, young African Americans turned out in higher numbers than Caucasians.
The two bombings on _________ 1945 in the Japanese cities of __________ forever changed international affairs.
August 6 and August 9; Hiroshima and Nagasaki
These Christian scholars argued in favor of authoritarian rule.
Augustine and Thomas Aquinas
This form of government grants almost all power to an individual leader.
Autocracy
Why did scholars of the ancient and medieval worlds decide that universal laws were outside the reach of the intellect of the masses?
Because they were universal and therefore divine in origin; only able to be understood by religious leaders
The leader of Italy during the 1920s was
Benito Mussolini
He designed a system of secret treaties and alliances that was able to maintain the balance of power for some time, while placing Germany at the center of Europe.
Bismarck
Following the demise of the Soviet Union, ____________ was elected president of Russia.
Boris Yeltsin
Rwanda was a former colony of
Both Germany and Belgium.
Which of the following states are considered totalitarian?
Both Nazi Germany and China (under Mao)
Fareed Zakaria in his book, The Post-American World, examines the reasons that certain states in the developing world will become leaders of the twenty-first century. Most experts point to four countries:
Brazil, Russia, India, and China.
The IMF, World Bank, and WTO are collectively known as the
Bretton Woods institutions.
He was the French foreign secretary that changed the way states approach their own national interest.
Cardinal Richelieu
In 2010, _____________ told Google that its own users were no longer allowed unrestricted access to its site.
China
This country has seen an explosion in oil consumption, reaching almost 40 percent of the total global demand.
China
In China, the media are controlled by the
Communist Party's Central Propaganda Department (CPD).
The signing of the ____________ is often regarded as the beginning of modern international relations.
Congress of Vienna
The two dominant parties in the UK are
Conservative and Labour.
The two dominant political parties in Great Britain are the ____________ and ___________.
Conservative; Labour
___________ argue that norms emerge from the top (those in positions of authority within the international community) and flow downward, into the domestic realm of the state.
Constructivists
Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) is reliant upon
Country A is unlikely to launch a first strike, because in doing so, it would destroy itself when Country B retaliates.
In 1854, the Concert of Europe was somewhat shaken by a war fought between Britain and Russia known today as the
Crimean War
Justice _________________ is the most recent member appointed to the United States Supreme Court.
Elana Kagan
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an authoritarian state?
Elections are fair and open
This was the name given to the pseudo-science that tried to apply one's skin-color to one's level of intellect.
Eugenics
The model of the state is based on the _______________ model.
European
He was the leader of the Holy Roman Empire in the seventeenth century that was unable to place the interests of his empire over his allegiance to Catholicism and the Papacy.
Ferdinand II
_______________ states are considered the most industrialized and developed states in the world.
First world
In the beginning of the nineteenth century, this state upset the balance of power by conquering all of Europe.
France
______________ was very influential to the development of the political theory of Karl Marx.
G.W.F Hegel
The five Great Powers of Europe in the nineteenth century were
Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and France.
This document, known as ___________ Code suggested that the gods called on him to lead the people.
Hammurabi's
Which political scientist claimed that politics is the resolution of conflict over "who gets what, when, and how"?
Harold Lasswell
His Leviathan, argued that man's natural level of selfishness and greed perpetuated authoritarian rule.
Hobbes
The two major ethnic groups in the Rwandan genocide were the
Hutus and Tutsis.
For __________, peace is only possible through the establishment of republican states that value the necessity of the system in equal proportion to that of its own.
Immanuel Kant
Which of the following statements is false? -In recent years, the United Nations has spent a great deal of time working with NGOs. -In recent years, the number of NGOs has declined. -It is likely that China and India will become dominant actors in the twenty-first century. -The Soviet Union is no longer a dominant global force. -Communist states are much smaller in number than they were thirty years ago.
In recent years, the number of NGOs has declined.
Before 1947, Pakistan was part of the country known as
India
Which of the following is NOT an authoritarian state?
India
Mecca and Medina are this religion's two holiest sites.
Islam
He argued for a representative democracy where government possesses limited powers and where the selected representatives make decisions on their behalf.
John Locke
This political theorist had a strong influence on Thomas Jefferson when he penned the U.S. Declaration of Independence.
John Locke
This theorist's most famous work was On Liberty.
John Stuart Mill
For ________________, these two virtues will save liberal democracy: ____________.
John Stuart Mill; justice and liberty
____________ are considered social contract thinkers.
John locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean Jacques Rousseau
He has argued that globalization has created an international order of corruption and greed for both wealthy corporations and industrialized countries through the politics and policies of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), The World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO).
Joseph E. Stiglitz
In the realm of international politics, _________ makes a distinction between "hard" power and "soft" power.
Joseph Nye
Soft power was coined by international relations scholar
Joseph Nye.
He traced the exploitation that had developed from the transition of the feudal economy to that of the industrial economy.
Karl Marx
In his greatest work, Das Kapital, ____________ examined the economic system known as capitalism and argued that it perpetuates a negative environment based on the dual forces of efficiency and exploitation.
Karl Marx
He developed the idea known as the "three levels of analysis."
Kenneth Waltz
In his famous book Man, the State, and War, __________________ expanded the scope of classic realism by arguing that although power politics helps to determine state behavior, it is the structure of the international system that best determines it.
Kenneth Waltz
He is the ousted Egyptian leader who had ruled for almost thirty years.
Kim il-Sung.
He believed that imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism: the stage that witnessed the defense of the state (by capitalists), the monopolization of industrial production, and an international system based on exploitation.
Lenin
On October 8, 2010, _____________ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work on promoting human rights in China.
Liu Xiaobo
_______________ is the term used to identify the violence of terrorist organizations
Low-level violence
"How men actually behave is so far removed from how we ought to behave" can sum up the political philosophy of
Machiavelli.
Because ________________ argued that "In republican government, legislative authority necessarily predominates," he determined that a bicameral system is most appropriate.
Madison
His Red Book outlined the designs for the collectivization of property in China.
Mao Tse-Tung
His political programs included the One Hundred Flowers Bloom and the Cultural Revolution.
Mao Tse-tung
__________ founded the People Republic of China on October 1, 1949.
Mao Zedong
The ideology of ______________ is committed to revolution.
Marxism
The People's Republic of China was founded upon the principles of
Marxist-Leninist ideology.
This statesman argued that foreign policy was not for the "plebs" or the common people
Metternich
Although the Ba'ath Party was originally created both in response to the creation of the state of Israel and the overall desire of Arab unity, its "regional" vision was replaced by an "Iraqi" vision by
Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Bitar
______________ argued that economic development followed an evolutionary pattern of growth.
Modernization theorists
This political system includes a form of government whereby a king or queen holds absolute or limited power, usually inherited.
Monarchy
The following description best defines Nike and McDonald's.
Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
An example of a proxy state would be
NOT Cuba; NOT Angola
____________ believes that the processes of globalization leads to an increase in personal freedom and that China will eventually expand rights to its citizens.
NOT Thomas L. Friedman
_________ argue that traditional concepts of sovereignty and territorial integrity are no longer capable of explaining how the world works. They contend that non-state actors, have become powerful enough to formulate and carry out policies that have led to a more interconnected world.
NOT neo-liberals
_____________ associated new developments in trade policies (that gave a significant increase of leverage to wealthy capitalist states) with the rise in what has been referred to as "the new world order."
Neo-Marxists such as Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri
His book, The Prince is considered a manual for amoral politics.
Niccolo Machiavelli
This thinker believed that "power" and not "justice" is the most important unit of analysis in politics.
Niccolo Machiavelli
Which Italian political theorist argued in The Prince that power is the key unit of analysis in politics?
Niccolo Machiavelli
How is a vote vetoed in the UN Security Council?
Nine out of the fifteen members can veto a measure.
Of the following states, which one can be considered a totalitarian state?
North Korea
This authoritarian state is known as the "hermit kingdom."
North Korea
These types of fuels must be burned in order to produce energy.
Oil Coal Animal and plant byproducts Natural gas
Which one of the following is NOT a feature of a democracy?
One party that dominates political debate
_________, ____________ states are the most common in the world today.
Parliamentary, federal
These are the troops sent in by the United Nations to preserve a peace agreement.
Peacekeepers
These were policies pursued by Mikhail Gorbachev to open up and cleanse the corruption in the Soviet Union.
Perestroika and glasnost
This type of political system is ruled by the wealthy or a group of wealthy people who control or influence the government.
Plutocracy
Which of the following is NOT an authoritarian leader?
President Obama
These electoral systems attempt to make sure that even the smallest political parties are represented in the legislature.
Proportional representation model
_______________ is best understood as the "national interest," where national leaders place what is best for their own state above all else.
Raison d'état
The economic and political relationship of a "core" and a "periphery" can be attributed to the work of
Raul Prebisch.
This is the use of practical methods, instead of moral or ideological means to secure political power.
Realpolitik
Known by some as the American Machiavelli, ____________ argued that presidents must above all else have the political skills to "persuade" the "Washington establishment" and the American public to act on their agenda.
Richard Neustadt
Genocide struck the small African country of ______________ in the spring of 1994.
Rwanda
_________________ is NOT considered a totalitarian leader
Saddam Hussein
Appointed by former United States President Ronald Reagan, _____________ was the first female member of the U. S. Supreme Court.
Sandra Day O'Connor
Who was the first woman to serve on the United States Supreme Court?
Sandra Day O'Connor
The vast majority (fifteen) of the nineteen hijackers on 9/11 came from which state?
Saudi arabia
________________ is the belief that religion should remain separate from governmental authority and political power.
Secularism
Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel? Oil Coal Natural gas Sodium dioxide Animal and plant remains
Sodium dioxide
____________ is best defined by those agents in the international system that brings about change through the use of diplomacy or ideology.
Soft Power
This early Christian thinker created a dualistic vision of the universe that distinguished between the earthly city and the heavenly city when he wrote The City of God. What is the name of this theorist?
St. Augustine
The Ba'ath Party was originally founded in 1940 in
Syria
The following question would be most likely asked by a _______________. Was Nazi Germany's position in Europe detrimental to the ways in which Europe had functioned for centuries?
THE ANSWER IS NOT CONSTRUCTIVIST
Instead of assuming that states acting in their own national interests determine international stability and create international norms and values, ____________ argue that it is the international community that perpetuates the development of norms within states.
THE ANSWER IS NOT neorealists
For Marx, society is divided
THE ANSWER IS NOT renters, owners, and factory workers.
The ____________ has to face off against his political opponents weekly during half-hour sessions referred to as Question Time.
The British prime minister
Which of the following is correct? 1) The British prime minister serves five year term. 2) The American president is only allowed to serve one four-year term. 3) The British prime minister can call for parliamentary elections at any point during a five-year period. 4) The British use a personalized proportional representation system. 5) The Queen of England must stand for elections.
The British prime minister can call for parliamentary elections at any point during a five-year period.
This was the name given to the European balance of power system of the nineteenth century that largely maintained peace for nearly one hundred years.
The Concert of Europe
Which of the following greatly contributed to Hitler's rise in Germany?
The Great Depression The support of the German middle class The power of the German public relations under Goebbels
This party's platform is concerned with environmental issues
The Green Party
The governments of Britain, Russia, Prussia, and Austria also known collectively as _____________ were the states that brought an end to Napoleonic France.
The Quadruple Alliance
This event questioned papal authority and it resulted in an increase in Protestant principalities.
The Reformation
This country was engaged in a decade-long war in Afghanistan during 1979-1989.
The Soviet Union
This war began as a religious war but ended as a political one. It is often considered the last of the religious wars of Europe.
The Thirty Years War
This Treaty formally brought the Napoleonic Wars to an end.
The Treaty of Chaumont
This state is considered the most democratic, Christian country in the world.
The US
_________________ is considered the model for parliamentary democracy around the world.
The United Kingdom
This event was one of the first indications that the Soviet Union was crumbling.
The collapse of the Berlin Wall
The contentious land that divides North Korea from South Korea is known as
The contentious land that divides North Korea from South Korea is known as
Which of the following statements is true?
The number of NGOs has increased since the end of World War II.
Classic realists have asserted that the international system is based on three core assumptions.
The state is the dominant actor in international affairs, states are rational, unitary actors, and the international system is anarchical and chaotic.
A state or government that is run by priests or clergy is known as a
Theocracy
Which group below is NOT a terrorist organization? Al Qaeda Tamil Tigers Ku Klux Klan Islamic jihad They are all terrorist organizations.
They are all terrorist organizations.
Following the __________, the state and not the Church became the primary actor in global affairs.
Thirty Years War
He desired one leader to emerge to unite all of the competing Italian city-states.
Thomas Hobbes
_______________ classic text __________________ sets out to prove the correctness of Machiavelli's contention that power rather than justice is the most important variable in studying politics.
Thomas Hobbes'; The Leviathan
"We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness." This famous quote comes from
Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence.
"Justice is only in the interest of the stronger party" was put forth by the character _____________ in _____________ _____________.
Thrasymachus; Plato's Republic
His book, The History of the Peloponnesian War is a classic example of
Thucydides, classic realism.
On April 14, 1989, Chinese activists, students, and intellectuals took to ____________ to protest decades of non-democratic rule in China.
Tiananmen Square
This state was the most prolific colonial power in the world during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries possessing colonies as diverse as Ireland and India.
United States
Which term best describes the political philosophy that believes the purpose of government is to promote the greatest amount of happiness to the greatest number of people?
Utilitarianism
This treaty blamed Germany for all of the responsibility of World War I.
Versailles
___________________ was elected to the Presidency of Russia in 2000
Vladimir Putin
_______________ is a variation of ____________ Islam known for its strict teachings and literal interpretation of the Koran.
Wahabbism; Sunni
The collection of states in Eastern Europe during the Cold War that were sided with the Soviet Union was referred to as the
Warsaw Pact
With the collapse of the Soviet Union, certain scholars claimed that the ______________ era of nation-states was ending.
Westphalian
His Fourteen Points were the underpinning for the League of Nations.
Wilson
Personified by ____________, __________ is based on the notion of ethical determinations in foreign policy and the spreading of democratic principles, including the right of self-determination, free speech, fair and free elections.
Woodrow Wilson, idealism
Which of the following statements about youth voting behavior is true?
Young women vote in higher percentages than young men.
The term Arab Spring refers to the popular democratic movements against autocratic leaders in the Middle East and Northern African. Which country is NOT typically associated as one of the countries directly impacted by the Arab Spring movement? 1) Egypt 2) Libya 3) Syria 4) Zaire 5) Yemen
Zaire
In 2011, the grassroots revolt against Middle Eastern autocrats, known as the Arab Spring, was inspired by
a 26-year-old Tunisian named Mohammed Bouazizi who set himself on fire to protest political corruption.
Doctors Without Borders is best defined as
a Nongovernmental Organization (NGO).
A winner-take-all system is sometimes referred to as
a first-past-the-post system.
The United States House of Representatives can be classified as ___________ because it is __________ the people.
a lower house; closer to
In the following example, try and determine which electoral system is being employed. The votes are cast and Party A receives 40 percent of the vote; Party B receives 25 percent of the vote; Party C receives 20 percent of the vote; Party D receives 10 percent; Party E receives 5 percent. Party A's candidate is declared the winner and represents the entire district/state. This is an example of
a winner-take-all system.
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is referred to as a(an)
absolutist monarchy
Presidential systems are characterized by
an executive branch that is free from legislative control.
The term coup d'état refers to
an overthrow of the existing regime.
If I believe that all government is evil and that chaos must prevail, I am a(an)
anarchist
Pan-Arab secularism also known as ____________, was a movement designed to create unity among the state of the Middle East and North Africa.
arab nationalism
Thomas Hobbes's social contract argued for a(an)
authoritarian system of government where individuals surrender all political power to the government so that government can more efficiently prevent civil unrest and violence.
When one person is in charge of an entire government, it is commonly referred to as a(n)
autocracy
One of the main reasons for the Soviet Union to get involved in Afghanistan in 1979 was
better access to oil.
Since the majority party that controls the House of Commons determines the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, we label it as a
bicameral democracy.
The National Diet in Japan is a _________________ comprised of the_____________.
bicameral legislature; House of Councilors and the House of Representatives
In the United States, we have a _______________ legislature which means that our Congress is comprised of_______________.
bicameral; two houses
In China, the leading cause of death is ______________, due to ___________.
cancer; pollution
An economic system in which the means of production, such as land and factories, are privately owned and operated for profit is referred to as
capitalism
_____________________ refers to "the arena of uncoerced collective action around shared interests, purposes and values"...and are "often populated by organizations such as registered charities, development nongovernmental organizations, community groups, women's organizations, faith-based organizations, professional associations, etc..."
civil society
This ideology calls for a limited type of government and a protection of individual rights and freedoms.
classic liberalism
Sun Tzu is one of the earliest writers to discuss warfare in a way that is considered
classic realism.
Of all of the political ideologies, ________________ are most convinced by the balance of power to prevent conflicts.
classic realists
John Locke and Adam Smith helped shape this theoretical movement.
classical liberalism
The Melian Dialogue written by Thucydides is an early example of
classical realism.
The political system under which the economy, property, and major industries is controlled and directed by the state is referred to as
communism
This concept emerged with the writings of Karl Marx and was employed as a governing style in which nationalism, religion, and private property are suppressed.
communism
This subfield of political science would evaluate the voting trends of those over age 65 in three different democracies.
comparative politics
A political philosophy that tends to support traditional values and advocates change only in moderation is referred to as
conservatism
A scholar that understands that individuals create their own social realities related to international relations is considered a
constructivist.
From the Truman Doctrine came the Cold War policy known as
containment
Those in favor of a federal system argue that political power should be
decentralized
If the middle class continues to grow in China, it will most likely
demand greater protection of its property. demand a greater political voice. make media outlets more competitive and free.
If a state has a leader known as a president, it is considered a(n)
democracy
_______________ refer to some of the ways people are categorized (e.g., 18-24 year olds, Catholic, people of color, and so on).
demographics
For _________________ the wealthy industrialized states of the "global north core" have created an unfavorable trade relationship with those of the "global south periphery."
dependency theorists
Economic sanctions, the threat of military attack, and other methods of frightening states into behaving a certain way is known as
deterrence
If Country A threatens to cut-off economic aid to Country B because Country B has developed nuclear arms and violated an international agreement, Country A is attempting a strategy of
deterrence.
The United Kingdom is said to possess _____________ political parties.
disciplined
The Ku Klux Klan is an example of a(n)
domestic terrorist organization
When a terrorist organization is privately funded and resorts to low-level violence against a certain religious or ethnic minority it is considered a(n)
domestic terrorist organization.
Traditionally those in __________ Ukraine have favored greater alignment with Russia.
eastern
The House of Habsburgs in the seventeenth century or the Soviet Union in the twentieth century could both be considered
empires
The Truman Doctrine gave subsequent American administrations the ability to
engage in conflicts beyond the Western Hemisphere.
For political scientist Robert A. Dahl, _______________ is the dominant feature of democratic society.
equality
____________ was cited as being at least partly responsible for the revolution that occurred in Egypt in 2011.
This concept emerged in Italy in the 1920s and was defined by the belief that the state's wellbeing is held above those of the individual and each individual was forced into working for the success of the entire state.
fascism
When a state's power is said to be decentralized it is considered a __________ system.
federal
The United States utilizes _____________ that allows different levels of government to create legislation.
federalism
The theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes is referred to as
feminism
There are _______ permanent members of the UN Security Council, and they are
five; the United States, the United Kingdom, France, China, and Russia.
In Japan, people vote in elections
for both the upper and lower houses of the legislature.
The Consultative Council of Saudi Arabia was designed to
give the Saudi monarchy the ability to understand issues at the local and provincial levels.
The ways in which private individuals and NGOs have worked together outside the realm of traditional politics to advance the concepts of human rights and democracy is known as
global civil society.
The process known as ___________ entails the increasing volume, speed, and importance of flows within and across borders.
globalization
An example of a state threatening to cut off economic aid to another state in order to achieve a desired objective is an example of
hard power
Nations exert ________________ when they compel other nations to modify their behavior through military and/or economic force.
hard power
When one state either directly utilizes or at least threatens force (military or economic), scholars in international relations refer to it as
hard power.
should be applied as a means to the ends of social justice.
harms and significance
Satyagraha is based on the assumption that those who are being oppressed
have a right to be free and that the only justifiable way of achieving freedom is through non-violent means.
This is the practice of conquering and incorporating states/territories within the political control of one state.
hegemony
For Thomas Hobbes,
human nature is selfish and, ultimately, self-destructive; a condition that in the "state of nature" creates an environment where everyone is involved in war with one another, i.e. a "war of all against all."
When a social science researcher makes an educated guess based on previously understood facts, he/she is making a(an)
hypothesis
If Government X pays individuals to carry out acts of terror in Country Y, this is considered
international terrorism.
Hans Morgenthau
is considered a classical realist who asserted that power was not the goal but simply a means to achieving the dual objectives of national security and survival.
When the Soviet Union turned its back on North Korea, Kim il-Sung changed the form of governance embracing a new policy known as ____________ or _____________.
juche; self-reliance
When a state's "highest" or "supreme" court can declare a piece of legislation "unconstitutional" it is said to possess
judicial review
When a high court determines a policy/law as unconstitutional, the state is said to practice
judicial review.
The _________________ branch is considered to be the most representative of the people.
legislative
At the core of _____________ is the belief that humans are generally good and that our ability to reason allows us to make economic, political, and social progress.
liberalism
For ___________, acts of war, terrorism, or genocide are not the result of human nature, but flaws in the social, economic, or political infrastructure at a particular time and place.
liberals
If state A is a democracy and so are its neighbors, (states B, C, D, and E), war is unlikely. This is a belief held by
liberals.
This political ideology believes that government should not interfere in the economic or social life of people except to provide police and military protection.
libertarianism
John Locke endorsed the belief in a(n) ______________ form of government.
limited
According to Paul Kennedy, the two main factors that contributed to Germany's impact on the international balance of power system were
location and industrial/commercial/military growth.
A society in which power is wielded by those who deserve it, based on their talents, industry, and success in competition rather than through membership of a certain social class or possession of wealth is referred to as a(an)
meritocracy
In Pakistan, it has been members of the ____________ that have dictated both domestic and foreign policy.
military
In the United Kingdom, the British House of Commons is __________ than the House of Lords.
more politically powerful
Germany and Japan are both considered
multiparty systems
In the United States, most Americans are aligned with
neither the Republicans nor the Democrats.
A scholar that believes that international exploitation is driven by the policies of wealthy corporations like Nike and Wal-Mart is considered a(n)
neo-Marxist.
If I believe in fewer tariffs and impediments to trade in the international arena, I am considered a
neoliberal
The overriding belief of _______________ is that states, like individuals, must remain free from government intervention.
neoliberalism
The Prisoners' Dilemma was a by-product of
neoliberals.
For neo-Marxists, the ______________ refers to the ways in which large-scale multinational corporations (MNCs), in conjunction with the wealthiest states, have created a new type of imperialism that expands the wealth to the rich (themselves) while continually weakening the economic development of the poor.
new world order
Greenpeace is considered a
nongovernmental organization.
Women in Saudi Arabia are
not allowed to drive automobiles.
A political system that is controlled by a small group of individuals who govern in their own interests is referred to as a(an)
oligarchy
When a group of people are in charge of the government it is commonly referred to as a(n)
oligarchy
_______________ refers to the process in which jobs are sent to foreign countries in search of cheaper labor.
outsourcing
This political belief holds that war is never justified and that all disputes should be settled peacefully.
pacifism
Japan is considered a(n) __________ that has a _______________ legislature.
parliamentary democracy; bicameral
When a democracy has a functioning legislature, yet lacks the process of judicial review, it is considered to have
parliamentary sovereignty.
In some _____________, there is a "symbolic head-of-state" that reinforces the state's history and traditions.
parliamentary states
___________ is a system designed to keep power in the hands of the male population.
patriarchy
A _______________ is used by political parties to articulate their stances on economic, political, and social issues.
platform
With What differentiates an ordinary crime from an "act of terror" is that the latter must be
political
What is the process by which citizens develop the values, attitudes, beliefs, and opinions that enable them to support the political system?
political socialization
For realists ____________ is the primary determinant of political behavior.
power
The ability to make others (persons or states) do something that they would not have otherwise done on their own is an example of
power
In _____________ systems the leader of the executive branch is elected by the people in a separate election.
presidential
The United States and Argentina are both considered ___________ systems.
presidential
It is argued that the system of ______________________ (that provides for more than two parties in the state's legislature), will allow a greater number of political viewpoints to be heard that will most likely keep a greater number of people interested in politics.
proportional representation
During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union utilized ___________ states to carry out their respective agendas in the developing world.
proxy
__________________ are surveys taken that provide a useful way of showing how different groups view certain political issues.
public opinion polls
In the eighteenth century, the balance of power can be considered
reactionary
"Might makes right" is a sentiment shared by
realists
One who engages in ___________ would assess entry into a war as a calculation of power for one's own country regardless of morality.
realpolitik
Alexis de Tocqueville stated that ____________ was "the first of their (American) political institutions."
religion
In Saudi Arabia, it is said that all legal authority flows from _____________, while political authority comes from _____________.
religion (Islam and Shari'a Law); the king
Since Saudi Arabia has great wealth from its vast oil reserves, it can literally give its citizens financial rewards each month. Saudi Arabia is, therefore, known as a(n)
rentier state.
Perestroika was the policy employed by Gorbachev defined as
restructuring.
Ancient political thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle believed that political power
should be applied as a means to the ends of social justice.
Political theorists who study human nature, problems that naturally arise in nature, and then recommend a political system to best address these problems are referred to as
social contract thinkers
When leverage is gained through the sway of diplomatic and cultural persuasion, the state is using
soft power
When a state is the sole source of authority within its borders it is said to possess
sovereignty
The three beliefs of the modern state are
sovereignty, raison d'état, and territorial integrity.
When Nazi Germany began its policy of eradicating its own citizens it was committing
state terrorism.
Kenneth Waltz is considered the "father" of
structural realism
Since elections are absent from authoritarian states, _________________ is a major issue.
succession of leaders
When the state is said to have the right to prevent any aggression within its borders, it is said to have
territorial integrity.
Which term best describes the pursuit of political aims by means of violence and intimidation?
terrorism
If one were to enter a bank and murder a number of individuals that worked for the bank while screaming that he/she was doing so out of an objection that he/she had against the people of the United States, he/she would be considered a(n)
terrorist
One of the major weaknesses of the League of Nations was the idea
that each member has equal voting power.
In his book, The World Is Flat, Thomas L. Friedman argues
that information communication technology has created a world that is leveling the playing field for millions of people in the world and giving hope to the hopeless.
The dominant force in Chinese society today is
the Chinese Communist Party.
The first international conference held in peace time in order to organize future peace and security is known as
the Congress of Vienna.
In Saudi Arabia, the three legislative bodies are known as
the Council of Ministers, the Shura Council, and the Consultative Council.
The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) gain coordination through
the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
The media are commonly referred to as
the Fourth Estate.
Islam's holy book is known as
the Koran
Islam's Holy Book is known as
the Koran.
The Saudi constitution, known as the Basic Law, is based entirely on
the Koran. Shari'a Law. cultural traditions of the region.
John Lewis Gaddis referred to the Cold War as
the Long Peace.
During the Cold War, North Korea was said to be a "client state" of
the Soviet Union
In ________________, the principle of parliamentary supremacy (sovereignty) reigns supreme.
the UK
When the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty was signed, the members were
the United States, France, China, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union.
Political power can be broadly defined as
the ability to get others to do what they would not do on their own.
A bipolar arrangement best defines the period known as
the cold war
Alienated labor refers to
the concept introduced by Karl Marx that argues that workers in the modern age are removed from the work that they put into the creation of a product.
The Bretton Woods institutions were originally designed to help rebuild the economies of
the countries of Western Europe following World War II.
Bipolarity in international relations refers to
the dominance of two states.
The fear that communism would spread from one Southeast Asian state to the next came to be known as
the domino theory
World War II was largely responsible for
the end of colonialism
The Korean peninsula has been divided since
the end of the Cold War.
The burning of fossil fuels has led to what scientists refer to as _____________ which traps and in the atmosphere.
the greenhouse effect
For Waltz and other structural realists
the international system determines the level of power within each state; not the states themselves.
The head of government in the United Kingdom is
the prime minister.
"Dutch Disease" refers to
the problems often associated with a country that only has one dominant commodity.
The BRICs refer to
the states of Brazil (B), Russia (R), India (I), and China (C).
Indefinite terms of office refer to
the ways in which the British prime minister can call for elections within a five-year period.
The Islamic Republic of Iran is considered a __________________ because God, acting through a set of religious leaders dictates public policy.
theocracy
Which term best describes a political system controlled by a particular religious entity?
theocracy
For realists, states are the dominant actors in global affairs because
they have sovereignty, the ability to collect taxes, and to wage war.
The configuration of the actors in a particularly volatile or stable region is a question best applied in the ______________ level of the levels of analysis.
third
Many of the states of sub-Saharan Africa are considered developing or as they were known during the Cold War as
third world states.
This was fought in order to restore Catholicism to the parts of Europe that had embraced Protestantism.
thirty years war
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was created
to protect Western Europe from Soviet invasion following World War II.
Before the turn of the twentieth century, the British parliament consisted of
two houses that each represented the economic and social classes of British citizens.
The United States is said to possess ____________ political parties
undisciplined
When an elected member of a particular political party is allowed to vote against his own party's platform/issues that system is said to have _____________ political parties.
undisciplined
Those who favor ____________ legislatures say that they are more efficient, more accountable to the people, and generate fewer expenses.
unicameral
Today Ukraine is considered a ___________, ____________ democracy.
unicameral, presidential
The vast majority of democratic states in the world are legislated by the central government. These states are therefore considered
unitary
Since all of Costa Rica's policies flow from the national government it is considered a
unitary, presidential democracy
Most __________ states tend to be more culturally and linguistically homogeneous than ________ states.
unitary, unicameral; parliamentary
A prime minister is the head of government in
united kingdom
The House of Lords in the United Kingdom is considered a(n) ____________ because it is "further" from the people.
upper house
The United States Senate can be considered a(n)
upper house.
The principle of _____________ is defined as the "greatest good for the greatest number."
utilitarianism
Machiavelli's The Prince insisted that ___________ be defined as ____________.
virtue; effectiveness
Harold Lasswell has defined politics as
who gets what, when, and how
In the United States, elections function according to a system known as
winner-take-all
Many political scientists believe that ____________ "waste" more votes than any other electoral system.
winner-take-all systems
In The Republic, Plato argues that the guardians should rule the republic. Which three traits should a person have before entering into the guardian class?
wisdom, courage, restraint
The Labour party in Great Britain has historically been associated
with the issues of the working classes
