PSY 100 Personality quiz

The Big Five personality factors are reported to have a heritability of approximately _____ percent for each dimension.

40

_____ was one of the MOST influential of the early trait theorists of personality.

Gordon Allport

Which is NOT a way in which individuals and environments interact?

People are unable to choose their environment.

Freud believed that dreams were NOT:

a random discharge of neural energy.

"We were arguing and the gun just went off!" This statement illustrates our tendency to accept less responsibility for our bad deeds. This is called:

a self serving bias

Juanita is a young doctor preparing to take her surgical skills exam. In order to avoid being overconfident and failing, many researchers would recommend that she:

ask other doctors to score her abilities.

Along with Abraham Maslow, _____ represented the humanistic perspective on personality.

carl rogers

The _____ operates on the reality principle.

ego

Samantha is 4 years old and seems jealous of her mother. Every time her parents go to hug each other, she pushes her mother away from her father and says no. Samantha then hugs her father and sticks her tongue out at her mother. According to Freud, Samantha is demonstrating the:

electra complex

Recent research seems to indicate that high stress and associated stress hormones tend to _____ memory.

enhance

The Big Five personality factor _____ involves the following endpoints: sociable versus retiring and affectionate versus reserved.

extraversion

When people's genetically influenced traits evoke specific responses from others, which then nudge them in a particular direction, what is involved?

gene-environment interaction

Which choice pairs a Big Five description with a correct personality trait?

high conscientiousness - organized

The _____ perspective on personality arose as a reaction against the negativism of the psychoanalytic perspective and the mechanical determinism of behaviorism.

humanistic

Between 1975 and 2006, entering college students in the United States have demonstrated _____ self-esteem and _____ optimism.

increased; increased

The humanistic perspective has been criticized for promoting an excessive degree of:

individualism

Jerry was frequently ill as a child, which led him to miss out on many of the activities that his peers experienced. Adler would predict that Jerry would develop a(n):

inferiority complex

The term reciprocal is MOST nearly synonymous with:

interactive

A humanistic psychotherapist might try to reveal a client's identity by collecting a rich narrative detailing their unique life history. This technique is called the _____ approach.

life story

Garrick is a calm, self-satisfied man who appears to be secure. Garrick is MOST likely low on the Big Five factor of:

neuroticism

The Big Five personality factor _____ involves the following endpoints: imaginative versus practical and independent versus conforming.

openness

This Big Five personality factor involves the following endpoints: imaginative versus practical and independent versus conforming.

openness

Which is the correct order of Freud's psychosexual stages?

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

The Chinese proverb "the first step to better times is to imagine them" is a reflection of:

possible selves

Modern psychological researchers criticize Sigmund Freud's ideas because they claim they offer after-the-fact explanations but fail to _____ behavior and traits.

predict

Sigmund Freud is associated with the _____ theory of personality.

psychoanalytic

Which choice incorrectly pairs a personality theory with a proponent?

psychoanalytic - Allport

With respect to our understanding of personality, _____ came from _____.

psychodynamic theories; psychoanalysis

Aerial's history of romantic relationships influences her attitudes toward romantic relationships, which changes how she now responds to her current boyfriend. This is an example of:

reciprocal determinism.

Brenda's past experiences in college classes influence her attitude toward academic achievement, which then influence how she prepares for her current classes. This is an example of:

reciprocal determinism.

Lately, Harold and Grant cannot get along. Harold often expects the worst of people, and yesterday he thought Grant was angry at him. As a result, Harold ignored Grant's phone calls and other attempts at conversation, angering Grant. But in truth, Harold created the situation to which he was reacting. This is an example of:

reciprocal determinism.

The _____ is the organizer of one's thoughts, feelings, and actions.

self

Card players who attribute their wins to their own skill and their losses to bad luck BEST illustrate:

self serving bias

Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display:

self-actualization

Jenna is a runner. She is entirely confident that with sufficient dedication, she can meet her athletic goals. In social-cognitive terms. Jenna has high:

self-efficacy

Abraham Maslow used the term _____ to refer to the need to find meaning, purpose, and identity beyond the self.

self-transcendence

According to Abraham Maslow, the desire for identity, meaning, and purpose beyond the self refers to the motive for:

self-transcendence

The _____ perspective involves reciprocal determinism.

social-cognition

According to Abraham Maslow, self-actualization is a high-level psychological need. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. Self-actualization refers to:

the motivation to fulfill one's potential.

Defensive self-esteem relies on _____, whereas secure self-esteem relies on _____.

the perceptions of others; internal evaluations

When Sylvie noticed that she had spilled coffee on her new shirt, she overestimated the likelihood that other people at the meeting would notice. Sylvie's reaction BEST illustrates:

the spotlight effect

Despite the prevalence of the self-serving bias, people put themselves down for different reasons. Which choice is NOT one of those reasons?

to agree with the negative comments from others

Gordon Allport was one of the MOST influential _____ theorists of personality.

trait

For Freud, slips of the tongue, jokes, and dreams offered clues to the:

unconscious

Jaydon does not realize that his alcohol abuse and family neglect is leading to the destruction of both his family and his career. A psychoanalyst would suggest that Jaydon is showing signs of a:

weak ego