psy 103 exam 2
high self-esteem individuals moderate rather than exploit self-enhancement opportunities
A difference between narcissists and individuals with high self-esteem is that
excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution
According to Masters and Johnson, the four phases of the sexual response cycle are
an inference about the causes of behavior and events
An attribution is
avoid expending cognitive effort to form a more accurate impression
Categorizing others by ethnicity, gender, age or religion is used to
parents may punish innocent, exploratory sex play
Children may come to believe that sex is "dirty" because
gender roles
Cultural expectations about what is appropriate for each gender are called
men with traditional attitudes
Difficulties in expressing emotions are most likely to occur in
out-group heterogeneity effect
Explaining the behavior of out-group members on the basis of the characteristic that sets them apart is known as the
All of these play a part in the acquisition of gender roles
Gender-role socialization occurs through
unrealistically high
In cases where self-esteem is ___, it is inadvisable to try to build self-esteem
elsa's eyes got bigger and her outfit became more revealing even though the message was about empowerment
In the "Frozen" video I shower in class,
accommodation
In which style of dealing with conflict does a person have low concern for self and high concern for others?
personal dispositions
Internal attributions ascribe causes of behavior to
can lead to a variety of good outcomes
Interpersonal conflict
physical; relational
It appears that boys engage in more ____ aggression and girls engage in more ____ aggression
homophobia
Jay is clearly uncomfortable whenever he is introduced to a gay man. He frequently makes disparaging remarks about homosexuals and states that he would "punch out" any man who came onto him. Jay shows signs of
All of these are true
Most research on gender differences regarding sexual attitudes
accompanied by verbal messages
Nonverbal communication is most informative when it is
cunnillingus/fellatio
Oral stimulation of the female genitals is called ____ while oral stimulation of the male genitals is called _____
women; men
Research indicates that more ___ attempt suicide, but more ___ complete it.
automatic processing: controlled processing
Research supports the theory that a shift from ____ to ____ can reduce stereotyping and prejudice
gender; sex
Scholars often use ____ to refer to male-female differences that are learned and ____ to designate biological differences
authoritarian
Ted's mother wears a t-shirt that says "Because I'm your mom, that's why!" She is usually critical of her son and his friends, and only rarely allows him to give his opinion in family decision making. Ted's mom is exhibiting the traits associated with the ____ parenting style.
door-in-the-face
The ____ technique involves making a large request that will probably be refused to increase the chances of being granted a smaller request later
set high, attainable goals and encourage children to persevere until they succeed and learn from their mistakes
The best way for parents, teachers, and coaches to instill high self-efficacy in children is to
most psychological gender differences are quite small
The gender similarities hypothesis states that
the situation is a stronger indicator of behavior than the kind of person
The important conclusion from Milligram's study of obedience is that
the self-fulfilling prophecy
The process whereby expectations about a person cause the person to behave in ways that confirm the expectations is called
proxemics
The study of people's use of interpersonal space is called
both penile erection in males and clitoral swelling in females
Vasocongestion causes
"old-fashioned" discrimination
When people say it is more important to encourage boys than girls in athletics, they are engaging in
overinflated claims of gender differences do not affect relationships
Which of the following is NOT associated with the gender similarities hypothesis?
emotional sensitivity with women
Which of the following is NOT considered a key element of the traditional male role?
all of these are considered aggression toward females
Which of the following is generally NOT considered a form of aggression toward girls and women?
causes of homosexuality may require a biopsychosocial interactive model
Which of the following is true regarding origins of homosexuality?
all of the above statements are accurate
Which of the following statements about condoms are accurate?
It contributes to traditional stereotypes
Which of the following statements best reflects the effect that television has on gender-role socialization?
avoiding
Which of the following styles of managing conflict is characterized by low concern for self and others?
gender stereotypes
Widely shared beliefs about males' and females' abilities, personality, and social behavior are called
interpersonal conflict
____ exists whenever two or more people disagree
stereotypes
_____ are widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group
paralanguage
_____ includes all vocal cues other than the content of the verbal message itself
the fundamental attributions error
_____ refers to the tendency to explain other people's behavior as the result of personal, rather than situational, factors
self-concept
______ is an organized set of beliefs about the self
self-discrepancy
a mismatching of self-perceptions is termed
self-discrepancy
a woman who describes herself as "frank and honest" but who, in fact, lies frequently is manifesting her
unrealistic
according to e. tory higgins, which of the following is NOT one of the three types of self-perceptions that people have?
acceptance; control
research suggests that parental _____ and ____ are major determinants of a child's self esteem
all of the above (one's own observations, feedback from others, social context)
which of the following sources influences the development of one's self-concept?