PSY 200 Ch. 6 Quiz

According to observational learning theory, where children have _____. models, they imitate the negative behaviors they see around them. When children have _____ models, they imitate the helpful & positive behaviors they observe.

Antisocial; prosocial

In operant conditioning, animals:

Associate their own actions with consequences

If people have a frightening experience immediately after hearing a strange sound, their fear may occur when they hear that sound again. This BEST illustrates:

Classical conditioning.

Being able to visualize the layout of your house is an example of a:

Cognitive map.

Children who are promised a payoff for playing with an interesting toy have later been observed to play with the toy less than those are not promised the reward. These findings provide support for the role of ____ in operant behavior.

Cognitive processes

Jane had leukemia as a child & had to undergo numerous bouts of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy always made her nauseous. As she underwent a year of treatment, the waiting room started to make her nauseous. The waiting room became the:

Conditioned stimulus

Walter was bitten by a dog when he was 5 years old. To this day, he will not pet dogs; however, he will pet cats. This reaction BEST illustrates:

Discrimination

Brenda studies frequently for her class in hopes of earning an A in the class. She is trying to keep her gpa as high as possible. She is motivated by:

Extrinsic reinforcement

Secondary reinforcers are powerful tools for shaping behaviors because they have become associated with primary reinforcers. Which reward is NOT a secondary reinforcer?

Food

Am epathic husband who observes his wife in pain will exhibit some of the same brain activity she is showing. This best illustrated the functioning of:

Mirror neurons

Tina is a 7-year-old girl who frequently witnesses her father's anger and physical abuse of her mother. In Tina's room, she is playing with her toys and begins to yell at them and hit them for "being so stupid and not having dinner ready." Her behavior is a clear example of:

Observational learning.

This type of behavior produces consequences.

Operant

Although B.F. Skinner & other behaviorists did not think that it was necessary to refer to thoughts or expectations when explaining human learning, findings from experiments with rats suggest otherwise. Which finding suggests that cognitive processes are involved. in operant learning?

Rats appear to experience latent learning while exploring mazes.

Findings from John Garcia's research on taste aversion in rats indicate that:

Rats are more likely to develop aversions to taste than they are to sights or sounds.

This type of behavior occurs as an automatic response to a stimulus.

Respondent

Classical conditioning focuses on _____ behavior, whereas operant conditioning focuses on _______ behavior.

Respondent; operant

Irene is having trouble convincing her husband that spanking is not necessarily the best way to control their child's behavior. Which argument should she NOT use to support her position?

Spanking increases the frequency of the behavior.

Three hours after eating at an airport fast-food restaurant, Karen got extremely nauseous while in flight. The next time she was in the airport & walked by that restaurant, she felt a wave of nausea. Which statement does NOT explain this phenomenon?

The restaurant became a conditioned stimulus (CS) for nausea.

Conditioning seldom occurs when a(n) _____ repeatedly comes before a(n). _____.

Unconditioned stimulus (US); neural stimulus (NS)

Jack finds it extremely difficult to pull himself away from the blackjack table. He keeps thinking he will break even because the next hand will be his winning one. This is a _____ schedule.

Variable-ratio