PSY 350 CH. 6

In which research situation would the study be confounded?​

An extraneous variable varies systematically along with the two variables being studied.

A researcher designs a study to determine whether female preschoolers prefer sweetened or unsweetened cereal. The researcher first presents the children with the sweet cereal and measures how much they ate. Later, during the same session, the researcher presents the children with the unsweetened cereal and measures how much they ate. The research finds that the group of preschoolers ate more of the sweetened cereal and therefore prefers the sweetened cereal. Is this conclusion justified?

No; this conclusion is not justified. Time-related variables could threaten the results.

Both correlational and nonexperimental studies intend to examine relationships between variables without trying to explain the relationships.​

True

​In research studies that compare different groups of individuals for each of the treatment conditions, ____ is a threat to internal validity.

assignment bias

A research study records a score measuring Facebook use and a score measuring happiness level for each individual in a group of 20-year-old women. The study intends to determine whether there is a relationship between the two variables. This study is best characterized as ____ research.

correlational

The degree to which your research results generalize beyond the specific characteristics of your study refers to ____.

external validity

Sensitization can threaten external validity because the results obtained in a study may be limited to ____.

individuals who have experienced a pretest

A study is ____ if it produces only one explanation for the results.

internally valid

When research is conducted in a ____, participants are not influenced by ____.

laboratory; reactivity

A research ____ is a general approach that is intended to address a specific question.

strategy