PSY341 Cognitive Psychology Exam 2 Material

In general, the discussion in class and in your text about false memories leads to the conclusion that false memories a. arise from the same constructive processes that produce true memories. b. occur from details but not from entire events. c. occur in laboratory settings but do not occur in real-world circumstances. d. do not occur for all people but rather are experienced by suggestible or inattentive people.

a. arise from the same constructive processes that produce true memories.

Explicit memory is to _____ as implicit memory is to ______. a. self; others b. aware; unaware c. primacy; recency d. episodic; semantic

b. aware; unaware

Unconscious plagiarism of the work of others is known as a. narrative rehearsal. b. cryptomnesia. c. repeated reproduction. d. repeated recall.

b. cryptomnesia.

One way to ensure that a person does not remember that a word was presented to them in thepast (when testing priming) is to _____. a. utilize proactive interference when administering the memory task. b. test patients with amnesia. c. use backward instead of forward priming. d. employ multiple rounds of repetition priming.

b. test patients with amnesia.

In the "War of the Ghosts" experiment, participants' reproductions contained inaccuracies based on a. narrative rehearsal. b. source misattributions. c. cultural expectations. d. shallow processing.

c. cultural expectations.

_____ memories are to experiences as _____ memories are to facts. a. semantic; implicit b. implicit; episodic c. episodic; semantic d. procedural; episodic

c. episodic; semantic

Lucy is teaching Kendra how to play racquetball. She teaches her how to hold the racquet,where to stand, and how to make effective shots. These learned skills that Lucy has acquired arean example of _____ memory. a. working b. semantic c. procedural d. autobiographical

c. procedural

The predominant type of coding in LTM is _____. a. phonological b. concrete c. semantic d. visual

c. semantic

_____ is a plausible explanation for the reminiscence bump. a. The cultural life-script hypothesis b. The self-image hypothesis c. The cognitive hypothesis d. All of the above

d. All of the above

During a class activity in which students are asked to recall and elaborate a frightening time in their lives, Timmy Squimbo begins to remember an instance in which he was lost in a shopping mall for several hours, an event that was relayed to him by his older brother. Mr. and Mrs. Squimbo read Timmy's report, and inform him that no such event ever occurred. Timmy's false mall memory is an example of how: a. Suggestions and elaborations can reinforce false memories b. Greater emotional content can lead to more false memories c. Information that we are told after the fact can be incorporated into false memories d. Answers a and c, but not b.

d. Answers a and c, but not b.

According to Tulving, the defining properties of the experience of episodic memory is that_____. a. it accesses knowledge about the world that does not have to be tied to any specific personal experience. b. it always corresponds to events from our past that actually happened. c. it involves both explicit and implicit memories. d. it involves mental time travel.

d. it involves mental time travel.

Flashbulb memories are most likely due to a. schemas. b. the reminiscence bump. c. specialized mechanisms encoding exceptionally emotional information. d. repeated narrative rehearsal.

d. repeated narrative rehearsal.