Water Operator Certification Study Material ( New Mexico) (Basic)

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Height a centrifugal pump can theoretically push water ___ feet

33.9

Maximum total chlorine residual ___ mg/l

4

___ or less than 5% bacteriological samples must be taken every month before a system is allowed to have TWO positive samples without violating the drinking water standard?

40

The Failure of a public water system to comply with the NM Drinking Water Regulations must be reported to NMED within ___ hours

48

Violations for Radiological must be reported in ___ hours

48

Bacteriological sampling results be kept ___ years

5

If Bacteriological retakes are done this month what is the minimum number of samples that must be turned in next month?

5

If retakes are required this month what is the minimum number of samples required next month

5

Chlorine gas flexible feed tubes should be replaced every ___ months

6

Fire hydrants should never be placed on less than ___ inch water line

6

Keep the chlorine gas forming Chlorine Hydrate also know as "GREEN ICE". Chlorine room be kept above ___ F degrees?

60

Violations for Chemical/s Must be reported in ___ days

7

Head loss for a Rapid sand Filter should not be more than ___ feet

8

Used when two storage tanks that serve the same area have different overflow elevations

Altitude Valve

Composed of two meters that can read small flows and large flows

Compound meter

Should be done before you excavate to make a repair

Contact NMOC (New Mexico One Call), by phone, dial 811.

Located where the service is attached to the main

Corporation stop

Bacteria that are found only in surface water supplies

Cryptosporidium & Giardia

If a system adds fluoride, fluoride testing should occur

Daily

Destruction of Pathogens

Disinfection

Why should you never throttle the flow using the hydrant valve on a dry-barrel hydrant

Drain hole will be open which may undercut the sidewalk and hydrant

Radiological Contaminants

Natural or man made sources of Radiation

Device used to measure NTU's

Nephelometer

SDWA sampling results must be reported to

New Mexico Enviroment Department (NMED)

Primary Inorganic Contaminant poses an immediate health risk

Nitrates

What type of contaminant is Iron

Secondary

Turbidity Contaminants

Silt & Clay, Suspended Matter That will not readily settle

Found in bleach

Sodium Hypochlorite

White powder used to neutralize chlorine

Sodium Thiosulphate

Chemicals used as sources of fluoride

Sodium silicofluoride and hydrofluorosilic acid

Byprouducts of drinking water chlorination. these byprouducts form when chlorine reacts with dissolved natural organic matter, moslty plant life

Trihalomethanes

Cause problems with liver, kidney, central nervous systems, may increase cancer risk and have possible reprouductive health risks

Trihalomethanes

Production of mounds of rust on the inside of the pipe

Tuberculation

Turbidity is Measured with

Turbidimeter or Nephelometer

Primary Contaminant that shields harmful bacteria from disinfection processes

Turbidity

Ground & Surface

Two sources of water

Wet barrel and dry barrel

Two types of fire hydrants

Waterborne pathogens found in all water supplies

Typhoid, Cholera, Dysentery, Hepatitis, Paratyphoid (types A & B)

When filling a main, the water velocity should never exceed? ___ ft/sec

1

Flash mixers detention time be ___ minutes or 5 to 7 feet per second

1 - 3

Chemical sampling results be kept ___ years

10

Percentage unaccounted for water become excessive?

10

Sanitary survey records must be kept ___ years

10

Rapid sand filter run time should not exceed ___ hours

100

To keep Chlorine cylinders from rupturing from gas expanding. Chlorine rooms be kept below ___ F degrees

120

At what temperature does the designed fusible plugs melt? ___ F

157

How soon must NMED be notified that a Bacterial MCL has been exceeded? ___ hours

24

Public water system is a system that serves a population of ___ or more regularly

25

Ground water systems must sample for inorganic chemicals every ___ years

3

The SDWA Compliance Cycle for Standardized Monitoring Rule consists of ___ Compliance Periods

3

Formed when Chlorine reacts with water

Hypochlorus acid & Hydrochloric acid

Main operating unit in a centrifugal pump

Impeller

Coliform group

Indicator organism

Microorganisms whose presence in water indicates probable presence of pathogens.

Indicator organism

Mineral Contaminants

Iron, Manganese, Carbon Dioxide, Hydro Sulfide

Minimum number of Bac-T samples required each month?

1

Action level for Lead ___ mg/l

0.015

MCL for Total Trihalomethanes ___ mg/l

0.1

if a 3-log removal is required for Giardia Lamblia what percentage of organisms can survive and still meet requirements

0.1

Optimum concentration of fluoride in water. ___ mg/l

0.8 - 1.2

The best way to protect the water supply from contamination by cross-connection

Air gap

Removal of taste and odor problems

Air stripping

Factor is used to determine the optimum dosage of fluoride

Air temperature

Used to locate Chlorine leaks

Ammonia

Microbiological contaminants

Bacteria, Virus & Protozoa

Two means of determining the chemical stability of water

Baylis Curve and Calcium Carbonate Stability Test (Marble Test)

The Presence of Nitrates in the bloodstream that reduces oxygen uptake that gives the skin a blue tint

Blue Baby Syndrome

Results in a free chlorine residual

Breakpoint chlorination

Type of valve is best suited for throttling flows

Butterfly Valve

Scale forming substance in water

Calcium carbonate

The positive side of the cathodic protection system

Cathode

Low voltage current through the water in a storage tank which concentrates corrosion on the sacrificial anode

Cathodic protection

Why is fluoride an Inorganic Primary Contaminant

Causes harder more brittle bones

Disinfectants used to treat drinking water. Most commonly formed when ammonia is added to chlorine to treat drinking water. The typical purpose is to provide longer-lasting water treatment as the water moves through pipes to consumers. This type of disinfection is known as secondary disinfection.

Chloramines

May be used for the removal of Iron & Manganese, some kinds of Taste & Odors, and some dissolved gases, such as Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide

Chlorine

A physical & Chemical reaction occurring which results in the formation of insoluable solids (Floc) which settles

Coagulation

Additional piece of equipment needed to feed liquefied chlorine gas from a ton cylinder

Evaporator

Water that is lost or given up to the atmosphere by plants or the surface of streams, lakes and oceans.

Evapotranspiration

Primary contaminant is sometimes added to water supplies to prevent tooth decay

Fluoride

To insure the water being sampled is from the main and not the customers plumbling

Flush line

Prevent Chlorine cylinders from rupturing when gets too hot

Fusible Plugs

Liquid fluoride

Hydrofluorosilicic acid

Natural water cycle

Hydrologic Cycle

Inorganic contaminants

Lead, Mercury, Nitrate, Nitrite, Selenium, Arsenic, Radionuclides

Maximum Contaminent Level

MCL

Anytime the MCL is exceeded and fecal coliform positive results come back from any of the samples

Non-acute violation

Type of pipe is not affected by corrosive water

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

Disease causing Bacteria

Pathogens

Number is used to determine how many Bac-t samples must be taken

People served

Organic contaminants

Pesticides, Herbicides, Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Volatile Organic Chemicals

An attachment to the well casing to provide a sanitary seal between the well casing and the effluent line

Pitless adapter

Determines what water level that is required for water treatment operator

Population

Equipment used to feed liquid fluoride or liquid chlorine

Positive displacement diaphragm metering pumps

Most common type of residential meter

Positive displacement meter

Water that is safe to drink

Potable

Why is Fluoride added to drinking water?

Prevent tooth decay

Water

Universal solvent

Caused by closing a valve too quickly

Water hammer

Under registers and records less water than actually used

Worn meter

Most Turbidity carry a negative charge causing a electro-chemical repulsion called

Zeta Potential


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