PSY350 ch 5 Quiz

The talents involved in drawing or writing letters are _____ skills.

fine motor

Centering refers to a child's tendency to focus on the MOST striking _____ feature of a substance and _____ its other dimensions.

visual; disregard

Basira runs into her old friend Gina from high school. Gina wants to give Basira her phone number but neither woman has a pen. Basira memorizes the number and calls Gina that evening. This means that Basira transferred the phone number from her _____ to more permanent memory storage.

working memory

_____ is the essential ability that lets humans relate to other people in a give-and-take way.

Theory of mind

Which of the following is NOT a recommendation regarding obesity?

Americans need to put children on strict diets.

Obesity rates in the United States are highest among _____ children.

Latino and African American

In the process of teaching a class, the teacher learns new things. This illustrates_____ thesis, the idea that teaching is _____.

Vygotsky's; bidirectional

_____ develops quickly in children in early childhood because the neurons in the visual and motor cortex are in their pruning phase.

Walking

Humans have _____ compared to other species.

a larger cerebral cortex

Which term refers to young children's belief that everything in nature was created by humans?

artificialism

Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in ADHD?

dopamine

Becky is in kindergarten and is learning how to write her name. She is developing:

fine motor skills.

The brain region involved in higher reasoning is the:

frontal lobe.

The transition from preoperations to concrete operations is _____, and typically occurs between the ages of _____.

gradual; 5 and 7

The talents involved in running, jumping, and climbing are _____ skills.

gross motor

Support for the notion of _____ comes from listening to young children monitor their actions.

inner speech

According to Vygotsky, thinking is a form of:

inner speech.

One problem with Piaget's ideas is that his theory does NOT include _____ playing a role in cognitive development.

instruction

Child art can be wonderful. At age three young children often struggle with drawing circles but by the time they are in third grade they can draw people with both bodies and faces. This is an example of the _____ principle.

mass-to-specific

The mean length of utterance refers to the number of _____ in a sentence.

morphemes

Aliyah thinks that her sister is a princess when she wears a tiara in her hair and a servant when she wears old clothes. Aliyah is in the _____ stage and is probably _____.

preoperations; in preschool

Humans begin to develop an autobiographical memory, which is the sense that they have a personal past history as well as ongoing selves, during:

preschool.

Which environmental intervention is helpful in relieving the symptoms of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

regular recess breaks

Since she does not have a pen, paper, or GPS in her car, Deedra memorizes her friend's phone directions by repeating the turns and street names in her mind over and over. Deedra is using a learning strategy called:

rehearsal.

Children who have experienced abuse often have memory failure when it comes to their autobiographical memories. Freud would call this:

repression.

The name for a system of grammatical rules in language is:

syntax.