PSY456/Midterm

According to the text, in 2014, approximately what percentage of Americans are affiliated with a religious tradition?

71%

Studies conducted in the early 1940s by Sylvia Anthony showed that children can give general explanations for death by what age?

9 years old

In Gerbner's "mean world syndrome", the symbolic use of death contributes to 1. an irrational dread of dying. 2. diminished vitality. 3. diminished self-direction in life. 4. an increased hoarding of weapons.

an irrational dread of dying diminished vitality diminished self-direction in life

A "teachable moment" is one in which

an opportunity for learning arises out of ordinary experiences.

Humanity received its name from the Latin root word humare, which means to

Bury

Which theorist is associated with the developmental model that emphasizes changes in attitudes toward death during different psychosocial stages?

Erik Erikson

A "teachable" moment is most often best reserved for the classroom.

False

A child's mature understanding of death is seen as a single, unidimensional concept.

False

A mature concept of death includes causality, which implies that adults will often blame someone or something for a loved one's death.

False

In the nineteenth century, violence in children's stories was downplayed, virtually non-existent, and rarely graphic or gory.

False

Lullabies containing themes of death and violence are seen predominantly in American culture and first appeared as a twentieth century form of mourning songs.

False

Non-empirical ideas are subject to strict scientific proof and observation.

False

Nonfunctionality means that your everyday functioning (going to school or work, self-care, etc.) has diminished due to a recent loss.

False

The major aspects of a mature concept of death are mastered in an unfixed, irregular sequential order.

False

Veterinary schools can provide information on pet cemeteries, burials and cremation, but may not discuss hospice care for pets.

False

In Erikson's model, the years from about six to the beginning of puberty correspond to what stage?

Industry vs. inferiority

According to Erik Erikson's theory, during which developmental stage do children increasingly seek their own direction and purpose?

Initiative vs. guilt

By what age do most children understand that death is a changed state?

Preschool Years

In Erickson's model, approximately what age marks the beginning of the child's moral sense?

Preschool and kindergarten years

What concept describes opportunities for learning that arise out of unplanned or unexpected occurrences?

Teachable moments

Exercising independence is a hallmark of Erikson's autonomy versus shame and doubt stage.

True

For the Japanese, it is quite ordinary to talk to their dead ancestors.

True

Personal mortality is a subcomponent of universality.

True

Through socialization, younger members of a society acquire knowledge from older generations.

True

A mature concept of death involves 1. universality. 2. irreversibility. 3. empiricism. 4. causality.

University, Irreversibility, and Causality

The statement that best describes children's understandings of John F. Kennedy's assassination?

Younger children worried about the appearance of the president's body and the effects of the death on his family.

The text cites the lullaby "Rockabye Baby" to illustrate the point that

a number of lullabies contain messages about human and animal death.

In Erikson's model, the years from about 6 to the beginning of puberty is sometimes known as the

industrial age.

The Dance of Death

reflects ideas about the inevitability of death.

All of the following tends to be an important influence on the development of children's attitudes toward death EXCEPT

rising funeral costs.

The model of human development devised by Erikson focuses on

stages of psychosocial development.

Lullabies and nursery rhymes often contain

themes of death and violence

Themes of loss and death are heard in

classical music, american blues music, and laments

According to Erikson psychosocial development depends significantly on developing a sense of identity and is linked to the individual's

connectedness and independence.

Avoiding words like dead or dying, instead using phrases in which loved ones "pass away," the deceased is "laid to rest" and the corpse is "remains", is an example of

euphemisms.

Children who have had first-hand encounters with death tend to

have a developmentally more mature understanding of death.

In discussing how people understand death, the term "noncorporeal continuity" refers to the idea that

human beings survive in some form after the death of the physical body.Correct

The rural cemetery movement began in the United States

in the 1830s.

As part of Día de los Muertos, families go to the panteon to __________

prepare for the return of their dead.Correct

Agents of socialization include 1. family and peers. 2. school. 3. employers. 4. religion.

1, 2, and 4 family and peers/school/religion

In a study of nursery rhymes, approximately what percentage describe ways in which humans or animals die or are mistreated?

50%

Regarding a mature concept of death, which of the following is true about universality?

All living things must eventually die.

Media experts say that the "reality violence" on TV news began with coverage of the

Kennedy assassination.

What defines socialization?

Learning and internalizing the norms, rules, and values of the society in which a person lives

Depictions of death in the mass media, in which the symbolic use of death contributes to an "irrational dread of dying and thus to a diminished vitality and self-direction in life" is referred to as

Mean World Syndrome

What subcomponent of universality makes explicit the understanding not only that all living things die but also that each living thing will die?

Personal mortality

According to George Gerbner, the "mean world syndrome" describes depictions of death in the mass media as embedded in a structure of violence that conveys

a heightened sense of danger.

The acquisition of a mature understanding of death is part of the developmental process known as

socialization

While more young people than ever claim no religion, there seems to be a growing interest in

spirituality.