Psyc 101 Ch. 1 Quiz
What did Rene Descartes do?
Sought a system of knowing reality that didn't rely on our fallible senses
Behaviorist Studies
Stimuli->Organism->Behavior
The school of psychology that promoted analysis of the human mind by breaking it down into the simplest kinds of experience was known as...
Structuralism
Cognitive Psychology is the study of what?
Study of internal mental progresses, specifically how we acquire and process information and gain knowledge
John Locke is known for the phrase..
Tabula Rasa
Wilhelm Wundt believed what?
That psychology and biology were two different perspectives to study the same processes.
The followers of ____ argue that there is a close relationship between animal behavior and human behavior.
Charles Darwin
William James began what study?
Functionism
Group of psychologists who insisted that the perception we experiences is more than a sum of the parts were known as the ______ psychologists.
Gestalt
Plato did what occupation?
Greek philosopher
Aristotle did what occupation?
Greek teacher
William James taught where?
Harvard
John B. Watson published what?
"Behaviorist Manifesto"
Empiricists believe what?
"Comes from within"
Quote from Rene Descartes...
"I think, therefore I am"
Charles Darwin wrote what?
"On the Origin of Species" and "The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals"
John B. Watson believed what?
"Psychology must discard all references to consciousness" and be "a purely objective experimental branch of natural science"
Charles Darwin's method of study was known as...
Comparative psychology
Cognitive Psychologists are fascinated by what?
Computers-- they're like "black boxes"
Sigmund Freud attributed what mental disorder about he uterus?
Hysteria
Structuralism required what process?
Introspection
William James wrote what and what did it do?
"Principles of Psychology" and it shaped the field of psychology -The Biological Basis
Margaret Floy Washburn wrote what?
"The Animal Mind"
Plato was know for...
"The Cave Allegory"
Which pair of scientists most closely shared views of behavior?
Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike
Who were the two psychologists that made discoveries with animals and applied their learnings to humans?
Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike
Scientist who studied observable behaviors and stressed the roles of punishment and rewards in learning was...
B.F. Skinner
Margaret Floy Washburn did what with animals?
Described behaviors in many animals species and showed relationships between human and animal behaviors
Aristotle was known as an...
Empiricist
E-
Experience Matters
What is a mainstream psychologist most likely to thing about Sigmund Freud?
Freudian theory is untestable and not grounded in science.
The school of psychology that stressed the practical adaptive purpose of mental process was known as...
Functionalism
Which of the following perspectives argues that human behavior develops in certain ways because it serves a useful purpose?
Functionalism
Edward Thorndike studied what?
How cats learned to escape from puzzle boxes
Rene Descartes started what involving things such as reaction times, etc.
Psychophysics
Rene Descartes did what occupation?
Renaissance Philosopher
S-
Social Influences
Psychology is the study of...
The mind and behavior.
John Locke believed what?
The mind of a newborn is a blank slate that learns through the senses.
What are the two main parts of psychology?
1. Biological & Physiological 2. Philosophy
Four Important Principles
1. Mind is product of physical machine, the brain 2. We are consciously aware of a small part of our mental activity. 3. We constantly modify our behavior, beliefs, and attitudes 4. Experiences physically alter your brain
Ivan Pavlov studied what?
Condition learning with dogs
M-
Machine Brain
Aristotle did/was what?
Observer of human and animal behavior -Emotions -Illusions
Your uncle tells you about an interesting magazine article explaining that humans use only 10% of their brains. As a student of psychology, your response should be:
"Well, research actually shows that almost all of the brain is continually active."
Charles Darwin studied what?
-Evolution by natural selection -Studied behavior
William Wundt established the first laboratory explicitly designed for psychology experiments. The foundation of the type of rigorous scientific approach he used there originated in _______, or the study of how physical events affect our senses.
Psychophysics
Plato did/was what?
Sensory illusions and skeptical of our senses
Empiricist Philosophers believed what?
The only true knowledge comes from within
Behaviorism is...
The perspective that psychologists should study only observable behavior (actions) and not subjective mental events (emotions).
Cognitive psychology is...
The study of internal mental processes, specifically how we acquire and process information and gain knowledge.
Sigmund Freud discovered what?
The unconscious
U-
Unconscious Processes
The year 1879 might be thought as the beginning of psychology as a science because that is the year...
Wilhelm Wundt developed and opened the first psychology laboratory.
Who was known as the "Father of Psychology"
Wilhem Wundt
An empiricist believes that the only source of knowledge about the external world is...
sensory experience.
The idea that children re born with no knowledge or "content" whatsoever and are "filled" by life experiences is called...
tabula rasa
An important principle to remember when studying psychology is that...
the act of learning changes the physical structure of the brain.
Psychology is best defined as the study of...
the mind and behavior.
