Psyc 101 Ch. 1 Quiz

What did Rene Descartes do?

Sought a system of knowing reality that didn't rely on our fallible senses

Behaviorist Studies

Stimuli->Organism->Behavior

The school of psychology that promoted analysis of the human mind by breaking it down into the simplest kinds of experience was known as...

Structuralism

Cognitive Psychology is the study of what?

Study of internal mental progresses, specifically how we acquire and process information and gain knowledge

John Locke is known for the phrase..

Tabula Rasa

Wilhelm Wundt believed what?

That psychology and biology were two different perspectives to study the same processes.

The followers of ____ argue that there is a close relationship between animal behavior and human behavior.

Charles Darwin

William James began what study?

Functionism

Group of psychologists who insisted that the perception we experiences is more than a sum of the parts were known as the ______ psychologists.

Gestalt

Plato did what occupation?

Greek philosopher

Aristotle did what occupation?

Greek teacher

William James taught where?

Harvard

John B. Watson published what?

"Behaviorist Manifesto"

Empiricists believe what?

"Comes from within"

Quote from Rene Descartes...

"I think, therefore I am"

Charles Darwin wrote what?

"On the Origin of Species" and "The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals"

John B. Watson believed what?

"Psychology must discard all references to consciousness" and be "a purely objective experimental branch of natural science"

Charles Darwin's method of study was known as...

Comparative psychology

Cognitive Psychologists are fascinated by what?

Computers-- they're like "black boxes"

Sigmund Freud attributed what mental disorder about he uterus?

Hysteria

Structuralism required what process?

Introspection

William James wrote what and what did it do?

"Principles of Psychology" and it shaped the field of psychology -The Biological Basis

Margaret Floy Washburn wrote what?

"The Animal Mind"

Plato was know for...

"The Cave Allegory"

Which pair of scientists most closely shared views of behavior?

Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike

Who were the two psychologists that made discoveries with animals and applied their learnings to humans?

Ivan Pavlov and Edward Thorndike

Scientist who studied observable behaviors and stressed the roles of punishment and rewards in learning was...

B.F. Skinner

Margaret Floy Washburn did what with animals?

Described behaviors in many animals species and showed relationships between human and animal behaviors

Aristotle was known as an...

Empiricist

E-

Experience Matters

What is a mainstream psychologist most likely to thing about Sigmund Freud?

Freudian theory is untestable and not grounded in science.

The school of psychology that stressed the practical adaptive purpose of mental process was known as...

Functionalism

Which of the following perspectives argues that human behavior develops in certain ways because it serves a useful purpose?

Functionalism

Edward Thorndike studied what?

How cats learned to escape from puzzle boxes

Rene Descartes started what involving things such as reaction times, etc.

Psychophysics

Rene Descartes did what occupation?

Renaissance Philosopher

S-

Social Influences

Psychology is the study of...

The mind and behavior.

John Locke believed what?

The mind of a newborn is a blank slate that learns through the senses.

What are the two main parts of psychology?

1. Biological & Physiological 2. Philosophy

Four Important Principles

1. Mind is product of physical machine, the brain 2. We are consciously aware of a small part of our mental activity. 3. We constantly modify our behavior, beliefs, and attitudes 4. Experiences physically alter your brain

Ivan Pavlov studied what?

Condition learning with dogs

M-

Machine Brain

Aristotle did/was what?

Observer of human and animal behavior -Emotions -Illusions

Your uncle tells you about an interesting magazine article explaining that humans use only 10% of their brains. As a student of psychology, your response should be:

"Well, research actually shows that almost all of the brain is continually active."

Charles Darwin studied what?

-Evolution by natural selection -Studied behavior

William Wundt established the first laboratory explicitly designed for psychology experiments. The foundation of the type of rigorous scientific approach he used there originated in _______, or the study of how physical events affect our senses.

Psychophysics

Plato did/was what?

Sensory illusions and skeptical of our senses

Empiricist Philosophers believed what?

The only true knowledge comes from within

Behaviorism is...

The perspective that psychologists should study only observable behavior (actions) and not subjective mental events (emotions).

Cognitive psychology is...

The study of internal mental processes, specifically how we acquire and process information and gain knowledge.

Sigmund Freud discovered what?

The unconscious

U-

Unconscious Processes

The year 1879 might be thought as the beginning of psychology as a science because that is the year...

Wilhelm Wundt developed and opened the first psychology laboratory.

Who was known as the "Father of Psychology"

Wilhem Wundt

An empiricist believes that the only source of knowledge about the external world is...

sensory experience.

The idea that children re born with no knowledge or "content" whatsoever and are "filled" by life experiences is called...

tabula rasa

An important principle to remember when studying psychology is that...

the act of learning changes the physical structure of the brain.

Psychology is best defined as the study of...

the mind and behavior.