PSYC 210 Chapter 1 Smartbook Questions
Anal Stage (Freud's Psychosexual Stages)
(18-36 months) pleasure focuses on anus
Oral Stage (Freud's Psychosexual Stages)
0-18 months, pleasure centers on the mouth
Phallic Stage (Freud's Psychosexual Stages)
3-6 years, pleasure focuses on genitals
Which of the following are examples of normative age-graded influences?
A 16-year-old learns to drive. A 90-year-old finds that her physical health is declining.
Which of these would be an example of a cross-cultural study?
A U.S. researcher compares the labor and delivery experiences of women in the United States versus Nigeria.
Which theorist believed that development reflects the influence of five environmental systems?
Bronfenbrenner
____________ age refers to the number of years that one has lived since birth.
Chronological
One thing that the information-processing theory, Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, and Piaget's developmental theory have in common is that they are all ____________ theories.
Cognitive
What do both the behavioral and the social cognitive theories of development assume?
Development does not occur in a stage-like fashion
The perspective that does not rigidly believe in any one theoretical perspective but considers multiple theories and selects the best features from each is known as a(n) ______ theoretical orientation. Multiple choice question.
Eclectic
Which of the following correctly describes the life span in the study of human development?
It occurs throughout life. It involves growth and change.
______ theories view development as being primarily the result of unconscious processes.
Psychoanalytic
The father of psychoanalytic theory is....
Sigmund Freud
Development is the pattern of movement or change that:
begins at conception and continues through the human life span.
cross-cultural study
compares multiple cultures
_______________ refers to researchers' responsibility to keep the data collected private and anonymous.
confidentiality
What do both the behavioral and the social cognitive theories emphasize?
continuity in development
____________ encompasses the behavior patterns and beliefs that are passed from generation to generation.
culture
Which of the following types of research designs aims to observe and record behavior? Multiple choice question.
descriptive research
Normative age-graded influences are....
events that typically occur at the same age for most people
The traditional approach to the study of development emphasizes the
extensive changes that occur from birth to adolescence.
Chronological age is the only true way to measure age.
false
Which of the following are examples of biological processes that affect development?
genes inherited from parents, brain development, height and weight gains, changes in motor skills, nutrition, exercise, the hormonal changes of puberty, and cardiovascular decline
A ______ life event is an unusual occurrence that has a major influence on a person's life and may not occur for other people at the same time.
non-normative
Events or trends (such as social or economic trends) that are common to members of a particular generation are known as ___________ influences.
normative history-graded
The periods of development in the human life span are.....
produced by an interplay of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes.
Genital Stage (Freud's Psychosexual Stages)
puberty on, maturation of sexual interests(sexual interest is reawakened)
The ________________ __________________ consists of the following steps: conceptualize a process or problem to be studied, collect research data, analyze the data, and draw conclusions.
scientific method
Culture
the beliefs, customs, and general behavior patterns of a group of people?
By studying life-span development we learn information about ourselves, including which of the following?
who we are how we will age how we came to be this way
Normative history-graded influences are....
common to members of a particular generation.
Latency Stage (Freud's Psychosexual Stages)
6-puberty, dormant sexual feelings (sexual interest is repressed)
Scientific Method in order:
Conceptualize a problem or process that needs to be studied collect data analyze data draw conclusions
Which of the following statements about ethnicity are true? Multiple select question.
Cultural heritage and language are aspects of ethnicity. Ethnicity can include race and religion. There can be diversity within ethnic groups.
According to ______, the presence or absence of certain experiences is especially important during specific time frames called critical periods.
Ethologists
Dr. Booker is researching friendship patterns across childhood. She has included four groups in her study: 4-year-olds, 6-year-olds, 8-year-olds, and 10-year-olds. This is an example of:
a cross-sectional study
The life-span perspective involves sociocultural and individual factors, but not biological factors.
false
A(n) _______________ environment is a controlled setting for scientific observation, in which many of the complex factors of the "real world" are absent.
laboratory
Two-year-old Stacey and her mom, Patricia, have gone to the university to participate in a study. While they play together with some puppets, a researcher watches them from behind a one-way mirror. The researcher is utilizing....
laboratory research
What method do researchers use when they need to exert significant control over what happens in their study?
laboratory research
Melissa is intrigued by how people change from infancy through late adulthood. She would learn about this subject by studying the field of human development called _________-__________ development.
life-span
The issues of development are....
nature and nurture stability and change continuity and discontinuity
Nick's mother and mother-in-law are both in their 50s and are currently both experiencing menopausal symptoms. This would be an example of a _____________ influence.
normative age-graded
If two people earn similar incomes and have about the same educational background, they share the same.....
socioeconomic status