PSYC: 40

D. increases; increases

Aerobic exercise ____________ the body's production of serotonin and ____________ its production of the endorphins. A. decreases; decreases B. increases; decreases C. decreases; increases D. increases; increases

A. Jeremy should try to lose weight first and then stop smoking.

Jeremy's New Year's resolution is to lose weight and stop smoking. Based on the research on self-control, which approach is likely to be MOST successful? A. Jeremy should try to lose weight first and then stop smoking. B. Jeremy should wait until after the New Year to focus on changes. C. Jeremy should try to lose weight and stop smoking at the same time. D. Jeremy should accept himself as he is.

D. doing aerobic exercise

Jim has been taking medication and going to psychotherapy to treat his depressive symptoms. Which additional activity might one recommend to enhance his treatment? A. buying a new car B. adopting a hobby C. taking a vacation D. doing aerobic exercise

C. access to a support network.

John has been an active member of his church for the past 35 years. His good health may be attributed to: A. a consistent routine. B. increased practice using stress management skills. C. access to a support network. D. the decreased likelihood that he engages in a healthy lifestyle.

B. communicate their painful feelings of loss to close friends.

People have been found to suffer fewer health problems following the death of their spouse if they: A. stay busy and avoid thinking about their loss. B. communicate their painful feelings of loss to close friends. C. quickly make plans for developing a new romantic relationship. D. spend time thinking about all the experiences they shared with their loved one.

B. raised; lowered

Perceived loss of control is associated with __________ epinephrine levels and __________ lymphocyte levels. A. raised; raised B. raised; lowered C. lowered; lowered D. lowered; raised

serotonin

Serafina is preparing a lecture on the benefits of exercise and she will highlight that exercise orders up mood-boosting chemicals such as _____.

D. improving immune functioning and coping.

Susan was diagnosed with early stage breast cancer and was referred by her doctor to a mindfulness meditation group. Her doctor explained that meditation may help her by: A. increasing appetite. B. increasing energy. C. increasing social support. D. improving immune functioning and coping.

C. moderately

To what degree can natural pessimists change their level of pessimism through conscious effort? A. significantly B. slightly C. moderately D. not at all

A. Emotion-focused coping may be more effective than problem-focused coping when the situation is uncontrollable.

With respect to coping, which statement is true? A. Emotion-focused coping may be more effective than problem-focused coping when the situation is uncontrollable. B. Emotion-focused coping is less effective than problem-focused coping. C. Emotion-focused coping is more direct than problem-focused coping. D. Emotion-focused coping is more effective than problem-focused coping.

A. biofeedback

Yolanda has been having bouts of tension headaches. Her physician has not found any medicine that prevents future attacks. Which option is MOST likely to be effective in treating tension headaches? A. biofeedback B. church attendance C. meditation D. increased exercise

D. Biofeedback

_____ instruments mirror the results of a person's own efforts, enabling the person to learn which techniques do (or do not) control a particular physiological response. A. Polygraph B. Catharsis C. Spontaneous remission D. Biofeedback

Biofeedback

a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension

emotion-focused coping

attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction

external locus of control

the perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate.

internal locus of control

the perception that we control our own fate

pessimism

the tendency to focus on the negative and expect the worst

optimism

the tendency to focus on the positive and expect the best

C. mindfulness meditation.

A diminished sense of self, space, and time is most likely to be associated with: A. the general adaptation syndrome. B. aerobic exercise. C. mindfulness meditation. D. emotion-focused coping.

A. survive longer

A local religious organization has taken an interest in reaching out to community members with AIDS. They were prompted to do this when they learned that religiously active AIDS patients _____ than do their nonreligious counterparts. A. survive longer B. have more depressed moods C. exhibit fewer emotion-focused coping skills D. have higher stress hormone levels

A. will improve longevity by a decade.

A professor is preparing a lecture on the benefits of exercise. She will NOT note that exercise: A. will improve longevity by a decade. B. modestly enhances cognitive abilities. C. orders up mood-boosting chemicals such as serotonin. D. fights heart disease.

D. emotion-focused coping.

After breaking up with her boyfriend, Kathy alleviated her stress by avoiding contact with her ex-boyfriend and by planning recreational activities with her best girlfriend. Kathy's behavior BEST illustrates: A. a Type B personality. B. an optimistic outlook on life. C. spontaneous remission. D. emotion-focused coping.

B. provides decreased warmth and body arousal.

All of these are benefits of exercise EXCEPT: A. promotes the growth of new brain cells. B. provides decreased warmth and body arousal. C. modestly enhances cognitive abilities. D. orders up mood-boosting chemicals such as serotonin.

problem-focused coping

Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor.

B. positive social ties

Based on the research discussed in your text, it can be inferred that those with _____ are less likely to catch a cold. A. low lymphocyte levels B. positive social ties C. an external locus of control D. Type A personalities

D. being optimistic; meditation

Based on the textbook's discussion, experiencing less stress is to better managing stress as _____ is to _____. A. aerobic exercise; building social support B. having a sense of control; finding meaning C. aerobic exercise; meditation D. being optimistic; meditation

A. spend time petting her dog.

Carissa is in the middle of finals week and finds that her anxiety and stress levels are making it difficult to concentrate on her studying. She should: A. spend time petting her dog. B. drink more coffee to help her concentration. C. smoke a cigarette. D. remind herself of the importance of doing well.

B. external; external

Carl and Ralph both earned a D on their psychology test. Carl believes that his low grade was because his teacher does not like him. Ralph believes that his low grade was due to bad luck. Carl demonstrates an _____ locus of control; Ralph demonstrates an _____ locus of control. A. external; internal B. external; external C. internal; external D. internal; internal

B. external; internal

Casey and Reagan both earned A's on their biology test. Casey believes that her test score was due to luck, while Reagan attributes her grade to hard work. Casey demonstrates an _____ locus of control; Reagan demonstrates an _____ locus of control. A. internal; internal B. external; internal C. external; external D. internal; external

B. He will have fewer health problems in the coming months.

Derek's psychologist has asked him to write about a personal trauma he experienced as a child. How might this writing exercise influence his health? A. His life will not change since expressing yourself in writing has not been shown to be connected to health. B. He will have fewer health problems in the coming months. C. He will initially have more health problems due to exposing his traumatic experience. D. He may gain weight.

D. frontal; more

During mindfulness meditation, a part of the ________ lobe involved in focused attention is ________ active than usual. A. frontal; less B. parietal; less C. parietal; more D. frontal; more

mindfulness meditation

Gina sat quietly in her room and paid attention to her internal emotional and physical state without judging. This is called ______.

A. learned helplessness.

Grandma Jones was recently admitted to a nursing home. She was quite ill and on a restricted diet, so the staff made all the decisions for her. They chose her meals, her clothes, and when she was able to get out of bed. As Grandma Jones' health improved, her grandchildren noticed that she seemed to have difficulty asserting herself with the staff. This can be explained by: A. learned helplessness. B. personal control. C. exhaustion. D. resistance.

pessimistic

Hakeem is a fourth year medical student. He has the tendency to downplay every successful exam. Every little setback is evidence to him that he will never graduate even though he has had several successful evaluations. Hakeem has a(n) _____ outlook.

A. the faith factor

Having a coherent worldview has been found to contribute to the stress protection that is often associated with which of the following? A. the faith factor B. the fight-or-flight response C. the adaptation-level phenomenon D. biofeedback