[PSYC] CHAPTER 5 -- Sensations & Perceptions

Two lines appear to be a different length, though in reality they are the same length. This is known as the ________ illusion.

. Müller-Lyer

Several studies have suggested that non-Black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when the image of the weapon is paired with the image of a Black person. What does this imply about perception?

Perceptions our influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The central tenet of Gestalt psychology is that the pattern is different from the sum of its parts."

The word "pattern" should be changed to the word "whole."

Longer wavelengths will have ________ frequencies, and shorter wavelengths will have ________ frequencies.

low; high

Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory ________.

adaptation

What term describes the continuation of a visual sensation after removal of the stimulus?

afterimage

Sarit is at a bar full of music, chatter, and laughter. He gets involved in an interesting conversation with a woman named Mona, and he tunes out all the background noise. Sarit's friend, Karen, taps him on the shoulder and asks what song just played on the jukebox. Sarit says he doesn't know, even though he is sitting right next to the jukebox and is familiar with popular music. This illustrates the role that ________ plays in what is sensed versus what is perceived.

attention

Inattentional ________ refers to the failure to notice something that is completely visible due to a lack of attention.

blindness

What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario? Esther's mother offers her a new dish she's been working on―a raisin-jalapeño quiche. Esther's body responds first: Esther eyes the content of the skillet, and smells the mix of raisins, jalapeños, and eggs. Her stomach churns and she looks away. Feeling disgust and disappointment, she says "I'm not hungry."

bottom-up

Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment?

cones

Wesley is in a movie theater with no windows—the only light is low illumination from the emergency lights on the floor. Which photoreceptors will be most useful to Wesley as he attempts to leave the theater?

high ; low

What is described by the concept of perception?

how sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced

Which of the following describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli?

just noticable

At the point of the optic chiasm, information from the right visual field (which comes from both eyes) is sent to the ________ side of the brain, and information from the left visual field is sent to the ________ side of the brain.

left ; right

________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.

perception; sensation

Wesley is in a movie theater with no windows—the only light is low illumination from the emergency lights on the floor. Which photoreceptors will be most useful to Wesley as he attempts to leave the theater?

rods

Which of the following exemplifies olfaction?

smelling cookies from the oven

What kind of processing is exemplified by the following scenario? Shimon offers Mouin some salmon. Mouin thinks, "How nice. My friend is offering me fish. I wonder where he got it." This thought leads Mouin to feel happy, appreciative, and curious; he responds with a smile and an extended hand.

top-down

Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of _______

transduction