Psych 101 ch 1, 2, 3 Exam #1

The human sleep cycle repeats itself about every

90 minutes.

Mark's decision to hire a particular job applicant was simultaneously influenced by unconscious feelings about the applicant's physical appearance and by a conscious consideration of the applicant's reported work history. This best illustrates the impact of

dual processing.

Hypnosis involves a state of

heightened openness to suggestion.

Stimulants are to caffeine as depressants are to

heroin

Greg remembered a recent dream in which his girlfriend suddenly grabbed the wheel of his speeding car. Greg's therapist suggested that the dream might be a representation of the girlfriend's efforts to avoid sexual intimacy. According to Freud, the therapist was attempting to reveal the ________ of Greg's dream.

latent content

In its early years, psychology focused on the study of ________, but from the 1920s into the 1960s, American psychologists emphasized the study of ________.

mental processes; observable behaviors

Dopamine is a

neurotransmitter

The sequence of brain regions from the evolutionarily oldest to newest is

brainstem, limbic system, cerebral cortex.

Researchers use experiments rather than other research methods in order to distinguish between

cause and effects.

Which region of the human brain distinguishes us from other animals?

cerebral cortex

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the central and the ________ nervous systems.

peripheral

The surgical removal of a large tumor from Dane's occipital lobe resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. Dane is most likely to suffer some loss of

visual perception.

Professor Darcy suggests that because people are especially attracted to those who are good-looking, handsome men will be more successful than average-looking men in getting a job. The professor's prediction regarding employment success is an example of

a hypothesis.

A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the

action potential.

The longest part of a neuron carrying messages to a leg muscle is likely to be the

axon.

Fast and jerky movements of the eyes are especially likely to be associated with

REM sleep

Suppose that people who watch a lot of violence on TV are also particularly likely to behave aggressively. This relationship would NOT necessarily indicate that watching violence influences aggressive behavior because

correlation does not prove causation.

A questioning attitude regarding psychologists' assumptions and hidden values best illustrates

critical thinking

In an experimental study of the effects of anxiety on self-esteem, anxiety would be the ________ variable.

independent

Which theory emphasizes that dreams play a role in consolidating the day's experiences in our memories?

information-processing theory

Some neurons enable you to grasp objects by relaying outgoing messages from the Central Nervous System to the muscles in your arms and hands. These neurons are called

motor neurons.

During a heated argument with his teenage daughter, Mr. Reid suddenly lapsed into a state of REM sleep. Mr. Reid apparently suffers from

narcolepsy.

Tina carefully observes and records the behaviors of children in her classroom in order to track the development of their social and intellectual skills. Tina is most clearly engaged in

naturalistic observation.

Dendrites are branching extensions of

neurons.

Professor Lopez believes that severe depression results primarily from an imbalanced diet and abnormal brain chemistry. Professor Lopez favors a ________ perspective on depression.

neuroscience