Psych 230 Final Exam

"No, it can't be me. It's not possible," thinks Clara, when she first hears the news of her terminal illness. Which of Kübler-Ross's stages of dying is Clara currently in? Denial and isolation Depression Bargaining Acceptance

Denial and isolation

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages of development do individuals experience in late adulthood? Integrity vs. despair Intimacy vs. isolation Industry vs. inferiority Generativity vs. stagnation

Integrity vs. despair

crystalized v fluid intelligence

crystalized = facts like the 15th president- increases in middle adulthood fluid= procedural/ reasoning - declines in middle adulthood

how does executive functioning change in late adulthood

decline in working memory

____ grief is grief over a deceased person that is socially ambiguous and cannot be openly mourned or supported

disenfranchised grief

list and describe parts of the review life process

earliest memory to critical points

three diseases that can impair the vision of older adults

cataract: thickening of the eye lens that causes vision to be blurry and distorted glaucoma: damage to optic nerve becuase of build up in the eye macular degeneration: deterioration of the macula of the retina and may have problems seeing what is directly in front of them

describe the seven different retirement pathways outlines by leading expert, Phyllis Moen

1. some individuals do not retire 2. some retire from their career work and then take up a new and different job 3. retire from career jobs but do volunteer work 4. retire from post retirement job and get another job 5. some move in and out of the workforce so they never have a clear "retirement" 6. poor health means disability and then eventually retirement 7. laid off and define it as "retirement"

Approximately _____ of the total health bill of the United States is for the care of adults 65 and over, who comprise only 12% of the population. 1/4th 1/2 1/3rd 1/5th

1/3rd

Recent research suggests that being widowed is associated with an approximately _____ increase in risk of mortality. 30% 25% 10% 50%

50%

What is the average life expectancy for individuals born in 2013 in the United States? 72.3 years 69.3 years 78.8 years 75.3 years

78.8 years

Maxine is visiting her father, Doug, who is in his last days of life. It is clear that he has found a way of approaching his circumstance that gives him a sense of peace. Doug is experiencing Kübler-Ross's stage of: Bargaining Depression Anger Acceptance

Acceptance

Terry is in the final stages of lupus, a condition that causes her severe pain and discomfort. At Terry's insistence, her caregiver takes the decision to end her pain by administering a lethal dose of a drug. This is an example of _____ euthanasia. Natural Passive Universally legal Active

Active

A(n) _____ states such preferences as whether life-sustaining procedures should or should not be used to prolong the life of an individual when death is imminent. Advance directive Choice in dying Oral will Representation agreement

Advance directive

Brain death occurs when: The lower region of the brain stops functioning The body loses the ability to breathe on its own All electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specific period of time A person remains unconscious for a specific period of time

All electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specific period of time

_____ refers to a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and, eventually, physical function. Huntington's disease Alzheimer's disease Parkinson's disease Clinical depression

Alzheimer's disease

A 12-year longitudinal study revealed that older adults who had persistently low or declining feelings of usefulness to others had: An increased risk of earlier death Steadily improving life satisfaction An increased risk for fatal injuries An increased risk of divorce

An increased risk of earlier death

Mrs. Hernandez has considerable pain and swelling in her wrists, fingers, and knees. It is becoming very difficult for her to maintain her usual routines as her stiffness increases. Mrs. Hernandez likely has: Arthritis Diabetes Arteriosclerosis Osteoperosis

Arthritis

Successful aging is related to three main factors: Assortment, enhancement, and remuneration Selection, optimization, and compensation Remuneration, selection, and enhancement Reorganization, compensation, and optimization

Assortment, enhancement, and remuneration

The _____ portions of the brain often die sooner than the _____ portions. Middle; lower Higher; lower Lower; higher Lower; middle

Higher; lower

Which of the following are regions of the adult human brain where neurogenesis has been documented? Hypothalamus and temporal lobe Amygdala and cerebellum Hippocampus and olfactory bulb Prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus

Hippocampus and olfactory bulb

A study of more than 1,000 college students by Currier, Holland, and Neimeyer found that _____ was an important factor in their grieving of a violent loss by accident, homicide, or suicide. Bargaining Perceived control Denial and isolation Making sense

Making sense

The type of care that is designed to reduce pain and suffering and help individuals die with dignity is known as: Compassionate care Palliative care Terminal care Curative care

Palliative care

Traditional Amish groups cope with death by: Providing much community support for the family over several months Expecting the family to provide comfort to the whole community Having elaborate funeral ceremonies in church to symbolize the last passage from Earth Expecting families to unite and cope together with only minimal support or interference

Providing much community support for the family over several months

Gerry, 72 years old, is feeling sluggish and mentally cloudy because he is having trouble sleeping. After talking with his nurse practitioner, he learned that recent research has found that _____ improves the sleep profile of older adults. Antidepressant medication A high calorie diet An inactive lifestyle Regular exercise

Regular exercise

Now that Benita is in late adulthood, the socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that she will: Become more socially withdrawn as she prepares for death Continue to actively make new friends Spend most of her time with familiar friends Emotionally invest in peripheral relationships

Spend most of her time with familiar friends

Questions such as, "To which age group do you belong?" and "How old do you feel?" reflect the concept of _____.

age identity

5 characteristics of the new England supercentenarian study

few are obese, habitual smoking is rare, small percentage had significant changes in thinking skills, low rate of age associated diseases, most had good mental health

due to his son's financial problems, frank is now raising his grandchildren, As a result, Frank is at risk for developing:

health problems, depression, and stress

prolonged or complicated grief is associated with grief that lasts

over an extended period of time

the term given to age related loss of muscle mass and strength

sarcopenia

According to Viktor Frankl, the three most distinct human qualities are freedom, responsibility, and _____

spirituality

A mental "workbench" where individuals manipulate and assemble information when making decisions, solving problems, and comprehending written and spoken language.

working memory

Canadian study of older adults, what is linked to successful aging

younger, married, regular drinkers, and in better health assumed themselves to be more successful