psych 230

Which of the following statements are true of a doula? (Select all that apply)

A doula provides continuous support for a the mother before, during, and after childbirth. A doula is a caregiver

Which of the following prescription drugs can function as teratogens? (Select all that apply)

Acne medications Some antidepressants Synthetic estrogen Antibiotics

Which of the following are psychoactive drugs

Alcohol Caffeine Marijuana Nicotine

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Down syndrome?

An extra Y chromosome

Which field seeks to discover the influence of environment and heredity on individual differences in human development?

Behavior genetics

During which period the rate of cell differentiation intensifies, the support systems for cells form, and organs appear

Embryonic

The prenatal testing that should be performed depends on which of the following? (Select all that apply

Genetic risk factors Medical history Mother's age

Which of the following is true regarding maternal exposure to secondhand smoke

It is associated with numerous negative outcomes for offspring.

Males who have an extra X chromosome, making them XXY, have:

Klinefelter syndrome.

Prenatal exposure to marijuana has been linked to which of the following? (Select all that apply)

Lower intelligence Low birth weight

Which of the following are recessive characteristics? (Select all that apply)

Nearsightedness Blond hair Freckles

Which of the following are considered teratogens? (Select all that apply

Nutritional deficiencies Advanced paternal age Maternal stress drugs Infectious disease

Prenatal care often includes which of the following components? (Select all that apply)

Nutritional services Social services Comprehensive educational services

______ genotype-environment correlations occur because biological parents, who are genetically related to the child, provide a rearing environment for the child.

Passive

Which statement regarding genotype-environment correlations is true?

Passive genotype-environment correlations occur when the biological parents provide a rearing environment for the child.

Which term best describes infants that are born three weeks or more before the pregnancy has reached its full term?

Preterm

Which of the following can cross the placental wall?

Small molecules

Which of the following would NOT be an aspect of the genetic susceptibility of an embryo or fetus to a teratogen

The dose of the teratogen

Which of the following would NOT be an aspect of the genetic susceptibility of an embryo or fetus to a teratogen?

The dose of the teratogen

Which of the following are cases for which early close contact between mother and infant in the hospital may be of particular benefit? (Select all that apply)

The infant is preterm. The mother is a teenager. The mother is from disadvantaged circumstances.

A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X chromosome is missing or part of one X chromosome is deleted is referred to as Multiple choice question.

Turner syndrome.

Which of the following would be most commonly used by a behavior geneticist?

Twin or adoption studies

Someone with which of the following chromosomes has Turner syndrome?

XO

The birth process occurs in three stages: the first is the longest, during which the contractions intensify; the second begins when the baby's head starts to move through the birth canal; and during the third stage the

after birth

Barbiturates, tranquilizers, and narcotics are all forms of ______ and are used to relieve pain during labor.

analgesia

Which of the following is NOT a dominant characteristic?

blond hair

According to developmental psychologist David Moore, genetic factors

do not determine phenotypes independently from the contexts in which they develop.

In a gene pair, the ______ gene will always override the potential influence of the other gene of a pair.

dominant

FASD may occur in offspring whose mothers ______ during pregnancy

drank alcohol

The inner mass of cells of the blastocyst will eventually develop into the

embryo

Once the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall, the mass of cells is known as a(n

embryo.

The period that occurs from two to eight weeks after conception is known as the ______ period

embryonic

The ______ view states that development is the result of an ongoing, bidirectional interchange between heredity and the environment

epigenetic

A common outcome of fragile X syndrome is:

extreme height.

Those with XYY syndrome are more prone to aggression and violence. True false question.

false

Genes are passed from generation to generation through three processes, called mitosis, meiosis, and

fertilization

The prenatal stage that begins about two months after conception is the

fetal

Which of the following is the prenatal period that lasts about seven months

fetal

In the trimester view of prenatal development, both the germinal and embryonic periods of development occur during the

first trimester.

For a particular teratogen, the severity of damage to the embryo or fetus and the type of defect are influenced by which of the following?

genetic susceptibility the dosage time of exposure

The ____ period includes the creation of the fertilized egg or zygote, cell division, and attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall.

germinal

The period of prenatal development that takes place in the first two weeks after conception is known as the ______ period.

germinal

Which of the following is NOT one of the three related conditions that pose threats to many newborns?

high birth weight

Exposure to cocaine during prenatal development has been linked to which of the following?

impaired motor development impaired language development cognitive deficits

According to evolutionary psychology, natural selection favors behaviors that:

increase reproductive success.

According to a large-scale study, pregnant women's caffeine intake was linked to which of the following in their offspring

low birth weight

XYY syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in which the:

male has an extra Y chromosome.

During the germinal period, the zygote is undergoing rapid

mitosis.

The female egg is known as the:

ovum.

The umbilical cord connects the baby to the ___ a disk-shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and the offspring intertwine but do not join.

placenta

The umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein, and it connects the baby to the

plencenta

The general term for drugs that act on the nervous system to alter states of consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods is:

psychoactive drugs.

Exposure to cocaine during prenatal development is associated with

reduced birth weight, length, and head circumference.

Research indicates that prescription drugs can act as a(n) ___ to the unborn fetus. (Watch your spelling!)

teratogen

Any agent that can potentially cause a birth defect or negatively alter cognitive and behavioral outcomes is referred to as a(n

teratogen.

Fragile X syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in which:

there is an abnormality on the X chromosome, which becomes constricted and often breaks

fragile X syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in which:

there is an abnormality on the X chromosome, which becomes constricted and often breaks.

Prenatal development is sometimes described in terms of equal three-month periods called

trimesters

True or false: Infants born to women using synthetic opioids or opiate-related pain relievers are at risk for experiencing opioid withdrawal.

true

Organogenesis takes place primarily during the first ______ months of prenatal development.

two