Psych 250 exam 5
A friend says to you, "He must have antisocial personality disorder; look how careful he is about his own well-being but how careless he is about others' safety." Your MOST accurate reply would be:
"You're partly right; most people with antisocial personality disorder are careless about their own safety as well as the safety of others."
A child's distracting behaviors occur only in a school setting and include failure to follow instructions and finish work, answering questions before they have been completed, and a lot of seat squirming and fidgeting. Could ADHD be a diagnosis of this child's behavior?
No, the child's symptoms occur in only one setting.
Which is NOT a problem in the use of the DSM-5 to diagnose personality disorders?
The criteria are so restrictive that several categories rarely, if ever, are used.
What does it mean if a person receives a two-physician certificate?
The person was involuntarily committed.
If a child with autism spectrum disorder were being encouraged to engage in child-initiated interactions, the child would be:
asking about things that were of particular interest to him or her.
Rose is very high functioning, but she lacks interest in other people and has difficulty understanding how they feel. In the past, she would have been diagnosed with Asperger's disorder. Using the current DSM-5 criteria, she would now be diagnosed with:
autism spectrum disorder.
If a pregnant woman wishes to avoid having a child with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), what should she do?
avoid drinking alcohol, since no safe level of drinking while pregnant has been established
What is a phrenologist?
a person who assessed personality by feeling for bumps and indentations on the head
The fact that children may learn antisocial behavior by modeling parental conflict and aggressiveness provides support for:
behavioral theory.
Currently, the Big Five approach to personality disorders is:
being recognized, with a great amount of research being done on it.
A patient has smaller temporal lobes and high activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine. These symptoms are:
biological, and the most likely diagnosis is schizotypal personality disorder.
After a suicide attempt, Trevor is transported to the hospital where he is eventually admitted to the psychiatric wing. In the past, he often displayed impulsive, self-destructive behaviors, such as reckless driving and self-mutilation. If Trevor is diagnosed with a personality disorder, it will MOST likely be
borderline personality disorder.
The MOST recent research has provided evidence that the primary causes of autism spectrum disorder include:
brain abnormalities.
Danica is a student who would like to eventually have a career that combines both mental health topics and working with the legal and judicial systems. She should be directed toward:
forensic psychology.
A lawyer defending a client whose DNA evidence supports his innocence even though an eyewitness puts the client at the scene of the crime:
has a good case if she introduces evidence about the unreliability of eyewitness testimony.
Encopresis is most commonly and successfully treated with:
cognitive-behavioral therapy and medical treatments
Which is NOT considered an effect of bullying?
constant lying
Secretive destructive behaviors such as violating other people's property, breaking and entering, and setting fires are consistent with what pattern of conduct disorder?
covert-destructive
A group of teenagers leave cruel, anonymous comments on a classmate's social media posts. This is an example of:
cyberbullying
The involuntary commitment of individuals with mental disorders that is permitted by the legal system is called:
institutionalization
A man beat another man nearly to death. In court the assailant claimed that he was forced to do what he did. He just exploded and was not in control of himself. Under which insanity standard might he be found not guilty by reason of insanity?
irresistible impulse test
An arrangement called _____ prevents the imprisonment of a disturbed person with minor charges against them and instead gives him or her community mental health care.
jail diversion
Which is NOT an effective treatment for conduct disorder?
juvenile training centers
The most consistent feature of intellectual disability is that the person with the disability:
learns very slowly
Studies evaluating the use of cognitive-behavioral techniques in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder have shown that cognitive-behavioral techniques can produce:
long-term gains in school achievement and intelligence test performance.
The personality disorder that is characterized by a person's need for undying love and admiration is:
narcissistic disorder.
"I am the greatest!" a famous boxer declared loudly and often. Had he in fact acted throughout his adult life as though he were the greatest, the MOST appropriate diagnosis would be:
narcissistic personality disorder.
Behavior called _____ occurs when a person commits social misdeeds such as slandering others, spreading rumors, and manipulating friendships.
relational aggression
Enuresis is defined as:
repeated bedwetting or wetting of one's clothes after the age of five.
Courts ask for mental health professionals to help determine if defendants are:
responsible for the crimes they commit and capable of defending themselves in court.
Andy is not affected when others criticize him or when other people praise him.What does he most likely suffer from?
schizoid personality disorder
Digressive and vague language with loose associations accompanied by attention and concentration problems are characteristic of:
schizotypal personality disorder.
A child who does almost everything with her mother seems extremely anxious at school, getting frequent stomachaches and wanting to go home. If the child has an anxiety disorder, it is MOST likely:
separation anxiety disorder
Many states have a category of mentally disordered sex offenders, which assigns moral responsibility to the offender. This category, which is related to the insanity defense, is based on the premise that:
sexual offenses, such as pedophilia, reflect an underlying mental disorder.
Some multicultural theorists believe that borderline personality disorder is actually a person's reaction to persistent feelings of marginality, powerlessness, and social failure. If they are correct, then the disorder is a result of:
social inequalities.
Which person would be diagnosed correctly with intellectual disability?
someone with an IQ of 69 having problems coping with life
"The problem is that they assume they can't take care of themselves, so they think others have to meet their needs. This pattern of thinking is not very helpful in trying to deal with histrionic personality disorder." A psychologist from which perspective would agree MOST strongly with this quote?
the cognitive-behavioral perspective
In the case of Wyatt v. Stickney, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that people who have been involuntarily committed have a right to:
treatment.
Comorbidity describes a situation in which:
two disorders occur together in an individual.
Openly offensive and confrontational behaviors are consistent with what pattern of conduct disorder?
overt-destructive
The authors of DSM-5 have designed their own dimensional approach in diagnosing personality disorders for possible inclusion in future revisions of the DSM. The idea is that individuals whose traits significantly impair their functioning should receive a diagnosis of:
personality disorder—trait specified.
The consistencies of one's characteristics are called:
personality traits
The American Psychological Association's code of ethics states that sexual relationships between a psychologist and client are:
prohibited under almost all circumstances.
Given the changes in sex-offender laws, the emphasis of concern appears to be swinging toward:
protecting children.
How are childhood patterns of behavior that are diagnosed as bipolar disorder different from adult patterns that are diagnosed as bipolar disorder?
Children display rage and aggression rather than mania.
_____ may occur in children who live in older homes due to consumption of paint that is flaking off walls or drinking the tap water from old pipes. This can lead to intellectual disability
Lead poisoning
Which is NOT true about profiling?
Profiling is realistically portrayed on most television shows.
Compared to past years, what has changed in the professional roles of psychologists and psychiatrists?
Some psychologists are able to prescribe psychiatric medication.
Dr. Subban is an expert in social anxiety disorder and has decided to create a Web site sharing current research on the topic. What is a likely benefit of this Web site?
The public will be better informed on the topic of social anxiety disorder.
Which is an example of the way a patient's rights might interfere with the patient's recovery (that is, an example of a time when patients' rights are not good for the patients)?
The right to refuse medication may limit a patient's recovery.
How does telemental health differ from traditional therapy?
The therapist is not physically present.
How do personality disorders differ from the personality characteristics of typical people?
They lead to more maladaptive, distressful, and inflexible behaviors.
Which statement BEST represents current knowledge about mass murderers?
We really don't know what causes mass murderers to act or how to treat them.
Which is the BEST example of mental health parity?
Your insurance covers medical and mental illnesses equally.
Doug runs a "healing" program. He claims he can heal cancer and other serious illnesses simply by petitioning a deity. He charges his patients for sessions, and holds the sessions in front of an audience. While conducting the "healing," Doug constantly solicits donations from the audience, claiming the money is going to various charities and the upkeep of the healing center. However, when Doug's "patients" are seen by health care providers, they are not healed at all. Eventually, he's found to be embezzling the donated money for luxury cars, drugs, and mansions. He is MOST likely suffering from:
antisocial personality disorder.
The LEAST likely contributor to the differences between African Americans and non-Hispanic white Americans in receiving long-acting stimulant drug treatment for ADHD is:
differences in drug tolerance
Which entity has the goal of reducing the cost of mental health services?
managed care
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is MOST common among:
men with jobs
A practitioner has admitted a patient to a state hospital and has prescribed medication for that patient. The chances that the practitioner is a psychologist are:
moderate; most states allow psychologists to admit patients, but few states allow them to prescribe medication.
Which of these is an example of telemental health technologies?
therapy offered by computer interaction
