Psych chap 4

Cocaine is classified as a BLANK psychoactive drug that increases the central nervous system's activity.

stimulant

What category of drug is caffeine?

stimulant

What category of drug is nicotine?

stimulant

MDMA (Ecstasy) can be classified as a(n) _____. (Select all that apply.)

stimulant hallucinogen

A BLANK is caused by lack of blood flow to certain parts of the brain.

stroke

Simon Baron-Cohen believes that individuals with autism lack the _____.

theory of mind mechanism

Sleeplessness is associated with less effective immune system functioning.

true

True or false: Individuals in a hypnotic state display a predominance of alpha and beta waves, characteristic of persons in a waking state.

true

True or false: Meditation allows an individual to cultivate compassion toward themselves and others.

true

Men metabolize alcohol quicker, meaning that Blank are more affected by alcohol.

women

MDMA is an illegal synthetic that is also called which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

xtc x ecstasy

Sleep takes up about _____ of our lives.

1/3

How many stages of non-REM sleep are there?

4

Binge drinking is defined as having BLANK or more drinks in the same sitting within a period of a week.

5

The social cognitive behavior view of hypnosis states that hypnosis is which of the following?

A normal state in which the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes that a hypnotized person should behave

Which of the following is considered a stimulant?

Amphetamines

Which of the following statements about alcoholism are true? (Select all that apply.

An estimated 50 to 60 percent of those who become alcoholics are believed to have a genetic predisposition for it. Researchers have determined that heredity likely plays a role in alcoholism, with the gene associated with GABA being most likely implicated.

MDMA is an illegal synthetic that is also called which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Ecstasy XTC X

What are some of the effects of MDMA? (Select all that apply.)

Feelings of warmth Alertness

Abby likes to go out drinking with her friends on the weekends. Although she feels terrible some mornings after she drinks, she continues to engage in drinking. She seems to remember the good times and not the bad ones. Which part of the brain is responsible for this memory?

Frontal Cortex

Which neurotransmitter increases with alcohol consumption?

GABA

In what category of drug is LSD?

Hallucinogen

What category of drug is MDMA?

Hallucinogen

_____ are psychoactive drugs that modify a person's perceptual experiences and produce visual images that are not real.

Hallucinogens

Which statement most accurately describes the genetic influence on alcoholism

Having an alcoholic in one's family increases the risk of alcoholism.

In meditation, one may experience an overwhelming feeling of wellness, the sense that everything is going to work out. What is this called?

Hypnagogic reverie

The use of barbiturates has been linked to which of the following?

Impaired memory

What are some of the effects of barbiturates?

Impaired memory Sleep Feeling groggy

From what does an individual who wakes up during the night and has difficulty falling back to sleep mostly likely suffer?

Insomnia

Which of the following describes a condition that paralyzes one's ability to move body parts except the eyes?

Locked-in syndrome

BLANK , a hormone produced in the brain's pineal gland, is secreted at about 9:30 P.M. in younger adolescents and approximately an hour later in older adolescents.

Melatonin

BLANK meditation is a technique that can be used to focus on pain and isolate the pain from emotional response.

Mindfulness

Sarah has been practicing meditation for a few weeks, and during stressful times, she's been observing her thoughts rather than allowing them to consume her attention. What is this behavior called?

Open monitoring

Which of the following functions are controlled in the prefrontal cortex? (Select all that apply.

Pausing before acting Thinking through a problem

With which part of the brain is awareness typically associated?

Prefrontal cortex

What is an effect of MDMA?

Psychological dependence

A meditative state of mind can show qualities of which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Sleep Wakefulness

Hypnosis can be applied to a variety of problems, including which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Somnanbulism Suicidal tendencies Depression Alcoholism

_____ is a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings.

Stream of consciousness

Sleep plays a large role in many health problems, including which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Stroke Asthma Heart disease Obesity

True or false: Each stage of sleep is characterized by different types of brain wave patterns.

TRUE

Evidence that hypnosis is a different state of consciousness than normal waking is provided by which of the following?

The fact there are specific changes in the electrical activity of the brain in individuals who are hypnotized

Select all of the following statements about alcohol abuse that are true? (Select all that apply.)

The use of alcohol is related to death and injury from driving while drinking. More than 60 percent of homicides involve alcohol use by either the offender or the victim.

What is the phrase developmental psychologists commonly use to refer to individuals' understanding that they and others think, feel, perceive, and have private experiences?

Theory of mind

Which of the following describe the effects of opioids? (Select all that apply.

They produce feelings of euphoria. They consist of opium and its derivatives. They are highly addictive. They are powerful pain killers

Which of the following drugs would most likely be prescribed to calm an anxious or nervous individual?

Tranquilizers

Many people stay up all night studying before a major exam. This is probably not wise because one effect of sleep deprivation is _____.

a decline in logical reasoning

Under the extreme effects of this drug, a person may lapse into a coma and die.

alcohol

BLANK is characterized by prolonged period of uncontrolled, excessive drinking that disrupts social and health functioning.

alcoholism

Nembutal and Seconal are both examples of BLANK depressant drugs that decrease central nervous activity

barbiturates

Carlos is brought by ambulance into the ER with a possible drug overdose. His sister told staff he'd had trouble making simple decisions earlier in the evening, such as what he wanted for dinner. Then he couldn't remember anything that was said during dinner and kept asking the same questions. When he stood up from the dinner table, he lost consciousness. What drug did Carlos most likely take?

barbiture

Periodic fluctuations in the body are known as ____

biological rhythms

One important part of the practice of meditation is to focus on your _____.

breathing

Which of the following is a stimulant?

caffeine

The cognitive theory of dreaming proposes that dreaming _____.

can be understood by applying the same cognitive concepts that are used in studying the waking mind

The BLANK theory of dreaming proposes that dreaming can be understood by applying the same concepts that are used to study the waking mind.

cognitive

Awareness and arousal are two components of _____

consciousness

BLANK is the general term for awareness of sensations, thoughts, and feelings being experienced.

consciousness

Morphine is one of the most common opiate or narcotic drugs and is classified as a(n) __

depressant

Opioids are classified as _____

depressant

What category of drug is alcohol?

depressant

BLANK are psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity.

depressants

Drugs that slow down the nervous system are called

depressants

To which drug category do tranquilizers belong?

depressants

One reason that tired drivers are more likely to become involved in traffic accidents is that sleep deprivation results in _____.

difficulty in paying attention to tasks

One sign that a person has consumed too much alcohol is _____.

disorientation

One possible explanation for the fact that family studies consistently find a high frequency of alcoholism in the close biological relatives of alcoholics is that the brains of people genetically predisposed to alcoholism may be unable to produce adequate _____, the neurotransmitter that can make us feel pleasure.

dopamine

Psychoactive BLANK are substances that act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods.

drugs

The ability to solve complex problems is considered a type of BLANK function

executive

True or false: Stimulants decrease activity in the central nervous system.

false

The act of attending to one's thoughts and bringing awareness to one's inner experiences is called _____.

focused attention

LSD is classified as a(n) ____

hallucinogen

To which drug classification does marijuana belong?

hallucinogen

Of the following, which is a narcotic?

heroin

Of the following, which is a narcotic?

heroine

Some psychologists believe that BLANK is an altered state of consciousness rather than an altered state of attention.

hypnosis

Some psychologists believe that is BLANK is an altered state of consciousness rather than an altered state of attention.

hypnosis

Stimulants are psychoactive drugs that ___

increase the central nervous system's activity

Stimulants are psychoactive drugs that _____.

increase the central nervous system's activity

BLANK meditation is a practice in self-acceptance.

lovingkindness

MDMA has adverse effects on _____.

memory and cognitive processing

By using _____, one is able to make discomfort bearable by isolating pain from one's emotional response to it.

mindfulness meditation

What category of drug is morphine

narcotic

Opioids, also known as BLANK are classified as depressants

narcotics

Sleep stages 1 through 4 are referred to as _____.

non-REM sleep

Hallucinogens produce changes in ____

perception

The cortex is the part of the brain associated with awareness.

prefrontal

What are substances that act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods?

psychoactive drugs

Hypnosis is most effective when combined with

psychotherapy

Which of the following is a barbiturate?

seconal

In the _____ view of hypnosis, hypnosis is a normal state in which the hypnotized person behaves the way he or she believes that a hypnotized person should behave.

social cognitive behavior

Which of the following contributes to differences in how individuals metabolize alcohol? (Select all that apply.)

Body weight Alcohol volume Digestive enzymes

Biological rhythms are controlled by biological clocks, which include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Twenty-four hour cycles Annual cycles Sleep cycles

Which of the following are true regarding the risks of opioid use? (

Very high risk of overdose Leads to cravings Painful withdrawals

Which of the following are true regarding the risks of opioid use? (Select all that apply.)

Very high risk of overdose Leads to cravings Painful withdrawals

Which of the following are symptoms of insomnia? (Select all that apply.)

Waking up during the night Trouble falling asleep Waking up too early