Psych Chapter 9

Ace your homework & exams now with Quizwiz!

Priming

A change in a response to a stimulus as a result of exposure to a previous stimulus

Spreading activation model

A connection theory proposing that people organize general knowledge based on their individual experiences

Explicit memory

A conscious memory; also known as declarative memory

Information processing

A continuum including attention, sensation, perception, learning, memory, and cognition

Forgetting

A decrease in the ability to remember a previously formed memory

Semantic memory

A general knowledge memory

Episodic memory

A memory for personal experience

Cue

A stimulus that aids retrieval

Flashbulb memory

An especially vivid and detailed memory of an emotional event

Working memory

An extension of the concept of short-term memory that includes the active manipulation of multiple types of information simultaneously

Procedural memory

An implicit memory for how to carry out skilled movement

Implicit memory

An unconscious memory; also known as nondeclaritive memory

Interference

Competition between newer and older information in the memory

Declarative memory

Consciously retrieved memories that are easy to verbalize, which include semantic, episodic, and autobiographical information; also known as explicit memories

Motivated forgetting

Failure to retrieve negative memories

Encoding specificity

Memories incorporate unique combinations of information when encoded

Mnemonics

Memory aids that link new information to well-known information

Decay

Reduction in ability to retrieve rarely used information over time

Autobiographical memory

Semantic or episodic memories that reference the self

Schema

Set of expectations about objects and situations

Memory

The ability to retain knowledge

Levels of processing

The depth (shallow or deep) of processing applied to information that predicts its ease of retrieval

Long-term potententiation (LTP)

The enhancement of communication between two neurons resulting from their synchronous activation

Long term memory (LTM)

The final stage of the Atkinson-Shiffrin model that is the location of permanent memories

Sensory memory

The first stage of the Atkinson-Shiffrin model that holds large amounts of incoming data for very brief amounts of time

Chunking

The process of grouping similar or meaningful information together

Reconstruction

The rebuilding of a memory out of stored elements

Retrieval

The recovery of stored information

Rehersal

The repetition of information

Storage

The retention of information

Short term memory (STM)

The second stage of the Atkinson-Shiffrin model that holds a small amount of information for a limited time. Lasts 30 seconds at most

Encoding

The transformation fo information from one form to another

Nondeclaritive memory

Unconsciously and effortlessly retrieved memories that are difficult to verbalize, including memories for classical conditioning, procedural learning, and priming; also known as implicit memory


Related study sets

Chapter 12 - Nervous System: Nervous Tissue

View Set

Management 3301- Test Prep Questions Chapter 7: organization structure and Design

View Set

Product, Branding, and Packaging

View Set

AP Euro- Chapter 19 French Revolution and Napoleon AP Exam Review Quiz

View Set