Psych Exam 1 Laundpad Q's

Dr. Carver was discussing the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. He drew a diagram on the board that showed how these two divisions of the _____ function.

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

How do neighboring neurons signal for channels to open up to let the positive sodium ions move into the dendrites of a neuron?

Neighboring neurons send more excitatory signals than inhibitory signals.

Which statement BEST characterizes how hormones are DIFFERENT from neurotransmitters?

Neural impulses can arrive at their destination within fractions of a second, but hormones may take minutes to arrive.

_____ that are not reabsorbed drift out of the synaptic gap, through diffusion. This is how the synaptic gap is cleared, in preparation for the next release of a new batch of these chemical messengers.

Neurotransmitters

Which statement BEST describes interneurons?

They reside exclusively in the brain and spinal cord and act as bridges, connecting sensory and motor neurons.

Which statement about the reflex arc is true?

Without input from the brain, the spinal cord neurons are capable of creating simple reflexive behavior

Dr. Murray is explaining what happens to the voltage within a neuron when it fires. She notes that a(n) _____ is a spike in the value of the voltage within a neuron, as the charge inside the cell becomes more positive than that outside the cell.

action potential

The ability to talk to each other is based on the language processing hubs like Broca's and Wernicke's areas, which are considered to be:

association areas

Aby is describing the peripheral nervous system, which includes all the neurons that are not in the:

central nervous system

Emmie was asked to explain what nerves are. She reported that they are the bundles of neurons that carry information to and from the:

central nervous system

Zawadi is trying to build a model of how neurons communicate. He knows that neural messages come in from surrounding neurons. The messages sent by neighboring neurons are received by the bushy _____ and then sent in the direction of the cell body.

dendrites

She has been describing her findings to a colleague, explaining that neurotransmitters that are not reabsorbed can drift out of the synaptic gap through:

diffusion

What is the pathway of communication associated with the withdrawal reaction to painful stimuli?

from sensory neurons through interneurons in the spinal cord and right back out through motor neurons

We can get a cat to move its whiskers by stimulating the ______ lobes of its cerebral cortex

frontal

Dr.Mario's particular area of focus is on the _____, which is the structure in the limbic system that keeps the body's system in a steady state.

hypothalamus

Rick was reading about the limbic system and how the _____ is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles and appetite.

hypothalamus

Ryan Dial studies the pituitary gland in her laboratory. She works closely with a colleague whose focus is on the _____, because it is the structure that controls the pituitary gland.

hypothalamus

the ______ is the structure in the limbic system that keeps the body's system in a steady state

hypothalamus

Boruto's dad's doctor tells him that he is having trouble with the regulation of blood sugar. Boruto wonders if there is something wrong with his pancreas, because it secretes _____ to regulate blood sugar.

insulin

Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the

medulla

Jannae is learning about the glands in the endocrine system. She has been thinking about his sleep-wake cycle, and he realizes that his pineal gland secretes _____ to control it.

melatonin

Fritsch and Hitzig found that if they applied a mild shock to the right side of a dog's _____, the dog's _____ forepaw would twitch.

motor cortex; left

Adair is learning about action potentials. He is explaining to a classmate that he thinks about the _____ as if it is a protein coat worn by an axon, to protect the tiny spikes in electricity happening inside it.

myelin sheaths

Charles knows from psychology class that multiple sclerosis causes damage to _____, which can lead to fatigue, trouble with vision, and cognitive disabilities.

myelination

Mikey is describing the peripheral nervous system to Nikki. He states that he can picture _____ as neurons bundled together, just like electrical cables carrying signals from place to place.

nerves

Mr.p00pybuthole learned in his psychology class that after brain injuries, younger children have better outcomes than do adults because their brains show more

neuroplasticity

Annalise Keating's first child will be born next month, and he is trying to prepare for this momentous occasion. He is thinking he will make sure his child starts learning to play a musical instrument early, because studies show that people with this training generally score higher on _____ than those without such training.

overall IQ tests

Quade is studying for an exam, which will cover neurons and action potentials. He has drawn a diagram that shows the segments of an axon, and he has noted that every time a segment fires, the _____ flood in from the outside of the cell, while the prior segment returns to its resting potential.

positive sodium ions

Sakura touches a hot pan. Without awareness, her sensory receptors are activated, which cause sensory neurons to carry a signal from her hand to her spinal cord. In the spinal cord, the signal is received by interneurons, which quickly activate motor neurons and instruct them to respond. The motor neurons instruct her muscles to contract, causing her hand to withdraw quickly. This entire sequence is called a(n)

reflex arc

The peripheral nervous system provides the communication pathway between the central nervous system(CNS) and the

rest of the body

Mira accidently touches a hot pan with her hand. This causes her _____ to be activated, leading to her _____ carrying a signal from her hand to her spinal cord.

sensory receptors; sensory neurons

_____, which are responsible for producing new neurons, can be found in human embryos as well as in tissues such as the brain and bone marrow of adults

stem cells

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that travel across the

synaptic gap

Oneida is reading about neurotransmitters. She has an image in her mind of what happens to some neurotransmitters after they have been released in the synapse. They get reabsorbed by the sending _____ in a process known as reuptake.

terminal bud

Professor Wú is trying to help her students understand the difference in transmission speeds between myelinated and unmyelinated axons. Which of the following should she use as an example of the fastest speed of an action potential in an unmyelinated axon?

the pace of a beginner jogger, about 4.5 mph

What type of activity does NOT involve interneurons in the brain, at least at the start?

the withdrawal reaction to painful stimuli

Nadia is studying the endocrine system. She has been reading about the gland that regulates the rate of metabolism by secreting thyroxin. This gland is called the:

thyroid

If a picture of a comb is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split brain patient, she would most likely be able to

use her left hand to draw a picture of the comb