Psych Final
"Casual Friday" at work is mainly an example of
Applied Behavior Analysis.
the type of learning that occurs when an individual makes a mental connection between two (oftentimes seemingly unrelated) things.
Associative learning
The human brain contains approximately ______ billion neurons.
100
If Bob has great difficulty expressing himself verbally, and his speech is incomprehensible or seemingly out of context, he likely has experienced damage to the _____________________.
Broca's area
If you are an ultra-marathon runner, you may experience something called a "runner's high" after a certain number of miles. This feeling is associated with...
Endorphins
Phi phenomenon is related to...
Gestalt theory
When might the use of deception be appropriate in an experiment?
When the subject's behavior might changed by their knowledge of the experiment's goals.
Which of the following psychologists was a structuralist?
Wilhelm Wundt
Severing the corpus callosum could lead to:
a reduction in seizure activity
Learning is defined as
a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience.
neurotransmitters are sent from one neuron to the next within this space.
a terminal button
Your brain knows that you have stubbed your toe because...
afferent nerves transfer that information to the brain.
The humanistic approach emphasizes...
altruism
Psychiatrists differ from psychologists in that psychiatrists...
are medical doctors with a specialization in abnormal behavior and psychotherapy.
A statistical mean might generally be referred to as a(n):
average
The most widely practiced specialization in psychology is ...
clinical & counseling
A(n) _____ is a person who is assigned a role to play in an experimental study so that the social context can be manipulated.
confederate
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique that:
constructs images of a person's soft tissues, usually in a person's extremities.
A(n) _____ records the brain's electrical activity by placing electrodes on the scalp.
electroencephalograph (EEG)
The set of glands that regulates the activities of certain organs in the body is called the _____ system.
endocrine
The "Situational Specificity of Tolerance" most closely states that
environmental cues activate priming by antagonists to increase tolerance to a substance.
The final step in the scientific method of psychology is:
evaluating the theory.
If an experiment's results can be applied to an entire population, the results are considered ___________________.
externally valid
Jury selection could be a concern of a ...
forensic psychologist
In terms of empirical research, the comparison of the scores on the questionnaire are representative of the _____ of the study.
operational definition
In the nervous system, the brain's special physical capacity for change is referred to as its _____.
plasticity
In the context of the organization of the brain, the _____ is the part of the hindbrain that is involved in sleep and arousal.
pons
A psychologist who studies the psychological processes that allow a person to listen to a musical tune is most likely specializing in the area of:
sensation & perception
A researcher interested in the way in which our sense of smell works would likely be associated with which of the following areas of specialization?
sensation & perception
In the context of the cerebral hemispheres, a split brain occurs due to _____.
severing of the corpus callosum
Which area in psychology would be most likely to study the phenomenon of "peer influence" on teenagers' behavior?
social
if you are really interested in learning about why people who are of similar physical attractiveness tend to fall in love more often than people whose attractiveness levels are on opposite ends of the spectrum, your focus would most likely be:
social psychology
Cardi B uses which part of her peripheral nervous system to tie her shoe?
somatic
Which of the following is NOT one of the requirements of understanding psychology?
spirituality
If you have a mental block known as "the yips", you would seek out a professional is which specialization?
sports psychology
The _____________ nervous system increases the heartbeat and slows digestion.
sympathetic
The two main divisions of the nervous system are...
sympathetic and parasympathetic
In the context of the cerebral cortex, the area critical for processing auditory information is the _____ lobe.
temporal lobe
neurotransmitters collect in vesicles at the end of each axon. This part of the neuron is called the:
terminal button
Studying the brain and mental processes as though the brain is a computer is the focus of...
the cognitive approach.
Multiple sclerosis is caused by lesions or plaques on...
the myelin sheath.
In psychological research, a correlational study is used to determine:
the relationship between variables.
Cells of the nervous system are called ______.
neurons
In psychology's scientific method, a theory is defined as:
A statement that explains a general observation of a behavior
After a psychological research study has been completed, the researchers should inform the participants of its purpose and the methods they used.
Debriefing
Which of the following (abbreviated) entities reviews and approves psychological studies to make sure they meet all ethical and organizational requirements?
IRB
Which of the following is a function of the right hemisphere of the brain?
Interpreting others' emotions
Which of the following is significant about the brain lesioning process?
It gives a sense of the functions of the damaged brain regions.
If a random fire alarm is pulled in the middle of an experiment studying the effect of room color on memorization skills, what role does the fire alarm play when considering the experiment results?
It's a confounding variable.
Of the following, who is associated with the Gestalt school of psychology?
Max Wertheimer
If you are experiencing episodes of mania, your levels of ______________ may be too high.
Norepinephrine
Kanye West is diabetic. Within the endocrine system, problems with which of the following is most likely responsible for Kanye's diabetes?
Pancreas
The id, ego, & superego are instrumental to ...
Psychoanalytic theory
When we design a psychological experiment, why do we need the operational definition to be clearly stated and very specific?
So someone else can replicate our study.
The hormone that is typically implicated in aggressive behavior is _____.
Testosterone
In an experimental research study, which of the following groups is an experimental group?
The group that is subjected to the change or unique nature that the independent variable represents.
The somatosensory cortex in the human brain processes information about _____.
body sensations
Which of the following is not an example of descriptive research?
correlational coefficients
Which of the following in not required when conducting ethical research?
demand characteristics
The part of the neuron that is responsible for receiving information from a neighboring neuron is the:
dendrites.
The unique thing about stem cells is their capacity to:
develop into most types of human cells.
Michael, a psychologist, is studying how biological and environmental factors contribute to a person's growth from birth to death.
developmental
Much of Pavlov's work was originally centered around...
digestion
Behavior is ...
directly observable
A pharmaceutical company is testing a new cancer drug. In order to avoid any experimenter bias, what type of study should they conduct?
double-blind
Damage to the Wernike's area of the brain will result in an individual...
having difficulty understanding their teacher when she is telling them what to do for homework.
Which of the following psychological theories is known as the one that emphasizes "free will"?
humanistic psychology
Damage to or illness of the hypothalamus will likely result in abnormalities related to:
hunger & thirst
in order to test a theory, the first thing you need to do is specifically state a _____.
hypothesis
In the areas of specialization in psychology, personnel matters and human resource management are among the main concerns of _____ psychology.
industrial
The purpose of myelin is to...
insulate axons to increase the speed of electrical impulses.
The research method/technique Wilhelm Wundt used is called
introspection/self-report
The human forebrain differentiates us from the rest in the animal kingdom because:
it is involved in processing complex information.
In the context of ethical guidelines in psychological research, when data are confidential:
it is still possible to link a subject's identity to his or her data.
a study that follows a specific group of 100 children over 20 years,
longitudinal
In descriptive statistics, the three measures of central tendency are:
mean, median, and mode.
In the context of the organization of the brain, damage to the hippocampus effects:
memory formation.
When scientists consider reliable or valid theories in psychology, they use a method that allows them to combine the results of several separate studies on a similar topic in order to establish the strength of an effect.
meta-analysis
n the measures of central tendency, the mode of a distribution of scores refers to the:
most common score in the sample.
The area of the cerebral cortex in the human brain which controls voluntary, purposeful muscle movement is the _____.
motor cortex
The peripheral nervous system includes the ______________ and _____________ .
motor neurons ; sensory neurons
She observes the number of times mothers engage in cooperative play with their children. This study is an example of:
naturalistic observation
When a neuron is resting, the inside of the cell membrane is _____ and the outside of the cell membrane is ___________.
negative ; positive
A researcher has found that students who sleep more minutes in class get lower scores on their exams.
negative correlation
In a double-blind experiment
neither researchers nor participants know who is in the control or experimental group.
Professor Abdelkader is examining the effects of music on patients' anxiety levels. She randomly assigns patients to either a silent room or a room with classical music playing in the background. She then records any differences in the subjects' blood pressure readings. In this experiment, the independent variable is the:
presence or absence of music
on a scale of 1-10.
quantitative
Mr. Rodes conducts an experiment on childhood aggression in kindergarten students. He has two groups of kindergarten in his experiment. He places subjects into each group by flipping a coin. Heads places them in group A; tails places them in group B. In this experiment, Mr. Rodes has satisfied the requirement of:
random assignment
she notices that a couple of her subjects seem very intent on helping her come up with data that supports her hypothesis.
research participant bias.
Teresa's adjustment problems are because she has an extremely high IQ. In this scenario, Teresa has been most likely tested by a(n) _____ psychologist.
school
If your level of Glutamate is elevated, you might experience...
seizures
When you are in danger, which part of the nervous system is responsible for your heart rate increasing?
the sympathetic nervous system
When checking an experiment for internal validity, we would definitely want to consider if
there is any bias or any logical errors in the study.
an individual's intelligence is generally higher for subjects with bigger thumbs.
thumb size and intelligence are positively correlated
If you develop issues related to your metabolism, you might have a disorder of your:
thyroid
Which of the following scenarios correctly illustrates the effect of damage to Broca's area in the brain?
unable to produce any words.
Science is different from pseudoscience because pseudoscience...
uses scientific terminology that is not supported by other sources.
Doing meta-analysis of a psychological experiment result is important to check the ____________ of the results.
validity
Structuralism focuses on the ______________ while functionalism focuses on the _____________.
what, why
as researchers
you must obtain the consent of the participants after informing them of the procedures.
