Psych LQ 8

In a follow-up obedience experiment, Milgram used 40 new teachers to determine whether participants obeyed because the learners' protests were not convincing. Once again, the new teachers complied fully ________ percent of the time.

65

Juan's friends ask him to participate in some activities. He feels pressure to join them, even though the adventures might not be in his best interest. Which of the following reasons might be strengthening Juan's conformity to the group?

All of these things are contributing to Juan's desire to conform to the group. -His friends make him feel incompetent sometimes. -He admires the group's status. -His culture strongly encourages respect for social standards.

In Asch conformity experiments, researchers find that conformity to the group increases when:

All of these things will increase conformity to the group: -one is made to feel insecure. -one admires the group's status. -the group is unanimous.

Your friend yells at you for being 5 minutes late for lunch. Rather than believe your friend is a rude jerk, you decide that she may be having difficulties with her partner. Thus, her behavior is the result of:

a situational attribution

Dr. Cheng studies social influence. He is concerned because he is finding that the rates of conformity in his experiments are much higher than those reported by his cousin, another social influence researcher. Which of the following reasons might account for this difference?

Dr. Cheng is conducting his experiments in a country that honors group standards, whereas his cousin is conducting experiments in a country that prizes individualism.

_____________ result(s) from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.

Normal social influence

_____________ result(s) from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval, whereas _____________ result(s) from a person's willingness to accept other's opinions about reality.

Normative social influence; informational social influence

According to the ______________, people explain behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition.

attribution theory

In the Milgram experiments, the level of obedience was highest when the "teacher" was __________ the experimenter and __________ the "learner."

close to; far from

When we adjust our own behavior or thinking so that it coincides with a group standard, we are exhibiting:

conformity

As you are driving to campus one day another car cuts you off and speeds ahead. Immediately you yell out "Crazy driver!" not realizing that the person may be rushing to get to the hospital. Your judgment best illustrates:

fundamental attribution error

The tendency for the observer, when analyzing others, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition, is known as:

fundamental attribution error

You stop for a cup of coffee and the waitress yells at you when you sit at a table that has not been cleared. You are convinced that she should find another line of work—one in which her angry personality traits will not interfere with her job. However, you disregard the possibility that the restaurant is short of help that day. You have just fallen prey to:

fundamental attribution error

_____________ result(s) from a person's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality.

informational social influence

While you disagree with your boss, you laugh at the joke anyway to gain her approval. Your behavior illustrates:

normal social influence

In making wedding preparations, Jason conforms to the expectations of his future bride's family, simply to win their favor. His behavior illustrates the importance of:

normative social influence

Researchers find that conformity to the group increases when all of the following occur EXCEPT:

one is made to feel secure

This afternoon, your boss wants to meet with you. You are sure it is about the customers who complained about you yesterday. The best-case scenario would be for your boss to decide that your behavior was the result of:

situational attribution

Marilyn thinks strict class attendance policy is an indication of her professor's overly controlling personality rather than a necessity dictated by the limited number of class sessions (the course meets only once a week). Her judgment best illustrates:

the fundamental attribution error

The fundamental attribution error involves:

underestimating situational influences on another's behavior.