Psychological Diorders/ Therapy Study Guide

Give me one positive aspect of giving someone a label for their disorders

- Can figure out a treatment - Find other people with the same condition make a community

The role of the therapist in cognitive therapy is to A. identify the client's irrational beliefs and provide alternative ways of believing B. provide unconditional positive regard so that the healthy growth-promoting tendencies of the client may be activated C. interpret the client's dreams and guide the client through the processes of resistance and transference D. provide a model of effective functioning and reinforce the client for positive changes E. prescribe psychoactive drugs that can reduce the level of psychotic ideation

A

Which of the following is an example of a cognitive distortion according to Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy model of treatment? A. "If I don't get all As in college, then my degree will be worth nothing." B. "My mother had a difficult childhood and has difficulty showing affection." C. "There is a girl in my class who does not talk to anyone because she is shy." D. "If I don't go to the mall today, then I might miss the end-of-season sales." E. "My brother does not like to hang out with me because I am so much younger than he."

A

Which therapist best illustrates the humanistic orientation to therapy? A. Gil's therapist, who engages in active listening during their sessions B. Calypso's therapist, who utilizes virtual reality exposure to reduce her fear of heights C. Persephone's therapist, who uses free association to identify internal conflicts D. Terry's therapist, who uses aversive conditioning to treat his alcoholism E. Ashley's therapist, who pushes her to think in less catastrophic terms

A

Who created rational emotive behavior therapy ?

Albert Ellis

Which of the following is a characteristic common to all individuals with a narcissistic personality disorder? A. A domineering attitude toward others B. An unwarranted sense of self-importance C. Restricted ability to express warmth and affection D. Inability to form social relationships E. Oversensitivity to rejection or possible humiliation

An unwarranted sense of self-importance

If you had negative thoughts about all tests, what type of therapy would you go to overcome these negative thoughts ?

Cognitive therapy

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a behavioral approach to therapy? A. Elizabeth thinks she is never going to meet someone to date, so her therapist works with her to combat her irrational thoughts. B. Jason has low self-esteem, so his therapist provides unconditional positive regard to build up his self-esteem. C. Frank is angry at his father but directs the anger at his therapist, so his therapist helps him work through the transference. D. Finn has been acting out at school, so his therapist employs a token economy to reward Finn when he behaves well. E. Quinn is having delusions, so his therapist prescribes him an antipsychotic medication.

D.

What's the big fat book that the american psychological association put out to diagnose and treat disorders

DSM-5

What is the name of the person who showed that labeling patients is dangerous? The man that went into an asylum and pretended to be crazy

David. Rosenhan

This person established and ran humane mental institute in the U.S

Dorothy Dix

An advantage of group therapy over individual therapy is that group therapy A. requires less commitment from the client B. achieves results more quickly C. produces a significantly higher recovery rate D. produces a higher rate of spontaneous remission E. enables clients to realize that their problems are not unique

E

Thomas is thirty years old and is very shy. He becomes anxious in social situations, so he avoids them. Thomas does not have close friends and rarely leaves his apartment. However, he writes a very successful and popular Internet blog, is usually content and calm while working at home, and has a positive relationship with his family. Psychologists would be hesitant to label Thomas as psychologically disordered because his behavior A. is a conscious choice, rational, and predictable B. was learned through principles of operant conditioning C. was learned through principles of classical conditioning D. does not appear to be deviant from the norm E. does not appear to cause distress or impair his day-to-day functioning

E

Which therapy style makes you want to be the best you, you can be ?

Humanistic Therpay

Give me the style of therapy that this is most closely associated with and which psychologist is most associated with it. unconditional positive regard

Humanistic style of therapy and Carl Rogers/ Maslow

The precipitous decline of the inpatient populations of state and county mental hospitals since the 1950's can be attributed to which of the following? I. Declining incidence of severe mental illness II. A policy of deinstitutionalization III. New drug therapies A. I only B. II only C. III only D. II and III only E. I, II, and III

II and III

If you have depression-like symptoms that last more than 2 weeks, what is the medical term that you're suffering from ?

Major Depressive Disorder

This therapy style says all psychological disorders can be diagnosed and treated ?

Medical Model

Something negative about labeling disorder is

Mislabeling leads to mistreatment Isolation : feels cut off from society Stigmatization around the disorder

Antidepressant drugs target our brains lack of transmission of neurotransmitters, what three neurotransmitters does the drug target ?

Norepinefrin, Serotonin, Dopamine

If you leave the room, turn the lights off 13 times and come back to do that 5 more times what is this called ?

OCD

Kent continually finds himself growing anxious about germs gathering on his skin. He can only decrease his anxiety by washing his hands. Soon, however, the anxiety returns, and he washes his hands again. He repeats this cycle dozens of times each day. Kent most likely is experiencing which psychological disorder? A. Generalized anxiety disorder B. Posttraumatic stress disorder C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder D. A specific phobia E. Dissociative identity disorder

OCD

If you have trouble sleeping, flash back from troubled times, and loud banging sounds cause you to jump up and scare. What is this called ?

PTSD

Joan displays anxiety, irritability, inability to concentrate, and apathy. She also reexperiences a disastrous event through nightmares and vivid memories. Joan is experiencing A. burnout B. hypochondriasis C. exhaustion D. generalized anxiety disorder E. posttraumatic stress disorder

PTSD

This is the name of a person who can prescribe drugs to their clients (a psychologist who has medical PHD to prescribe drugs)

Psychiatrist

Give me the style of therapy that this is most closely associated with and which psychologist is most associated with it. Dream Analysis

Psychoanalysis style and Frued

Which style of therapy helps people understand how their actions impact other people ? (group therapy, parenting styles, family therapy)

Sociocultural therapy

If you have a pain in the left arm and doctors can't find anything wrong, but you still feel like something is wrong.

Somatic Disorder

If you were afraid of fluffy animals, what would be a good way to overcome a fear of fluffy animals ? (Exposure therapy)

Systematic desensitization

If your parents encourage you to get good grades , 20 bucks for every A, what is this called ?

Token economy

If as a client, you start blaming your psychologist for the things that happened in your past what is this called ?

Transference

The following question(s) refer to the information below. A psychologist describes the following steps to a client, while the client is practicing relaxation techniques, in order to treat the client's psychological disorder: 1. You are entering a large building. 2. You are pressing a button for an elevator. 3. You are stepping into an elevator. 4. You are watching the doors close after entering the elevator. 5. You are traveling five floors on the elevator. 6. Which of the following categories would most likely represent the diagnosis associated with this set of behaviors? A. Mood disorder B. Anxiety disorder C. Dissociative disorder D. Schizophrenic disorder E. Somatoform disorder

anxiety disorder

A psychologist describes the following steps to a client, while the client is practicing relaxation techniques, in order to treat the client's psychological disorder: 1. You are entering a large building. 2. You are pressing a button for an elevator. 3. You are stepping into an elevator. 4. You are watching the doors close after entering the elevator. 5. You are traveling five floors on the elevator. 6. Which type of therapy is most closely associated with the technique used in this method? A. Psychoanalytic B. Behavioral C. Biomedical D. Cognitive E. Client centered

behavioral

Jim decides to seek treatment for his alcoholism that involves taking a medication that causes nausea when paired with alcohol. What type of treatment has Jim chosen? A. Cognitive B. Psychodynamic C. Humanistic D. Behavioral E. Gestalt

behavioral

Dora alternates between periods of extreme euphoria, when she is very talkative, overconfident, and hyperactive, and times of profound sadness, when she experiences feelings of hopelessness. Which of the following disorders is Dora most likely exhibiting? A. Borderline personality B. Major depressive C. Bipolar D. Generalized anxiety E. Schizophrenia

bipolar

Travis is obsessed with his weight, but he often cannot stop himself from eating an entire carton of ice cream or two pizzas in one sitting. Afterward, he makes himself throw up or takes laxatives to rid himself of the food. Travis' behavior is indicative of what psychological disorder? A. Anorexia nervosa B. Antisocial personality disorder C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder D. Narcissistic personality disorder E. Bulimia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

During her psychotherapy sessions, Justine finds that her therapist often paraphrases what she has said, asks for clarification, and seems to understand her feelings. The therapist's approach is most consistent with that of A. Carl Rogers B. Sigmund Freud C. Albert Ellis D. Erik Erikson E. Fritz Perls

carl rogers

A patient with symptoms of depression is working with a psychologist and reports that he has no meaningful relationships and no skills that allow him to make friends. The psychologist determines that the patient's beliefs and lack of interpersonal skills are the primary contributors to his depression. Which of the following treatments is the psychologist most likely to use? A. Cognitive-behavioral therapy B. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) C. Psychoanalysis D. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (RTMS) E. Antidepressant medications

cognitive-behavioral therpay

One suspected cause of schizophrenia is the abnormal increase of which of the following neurotransmitters in the brain? A. Acetylcholine B. Somatotropin C. Dopamine D. Norepinephrine E. Serotonin

dopamine

Belinda exhibits diminished pleasure in her daily activities, significant weight loss, insomnia, fatigue, and feelings of excessive guilt. Belinda's problems are most consistent with which of the following disorders? A. Obsessive-compulsive B. Bipolar C. Schizophrenia D. Major depressive E. Agoraphobia

major depressive

A client whose improvement during therapy is the result of his or her expectation of improvement rather than the result of the therapy itself is showing A. tardive dyskinesia B. a placebo effect C. a disorder in remission D. negative transference E. catharsis

placebo effect

Using psychological techniques such as free association to explore a client's early relationships is characteristic of what type of treatment? A. Psychoanalysis B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy C. Client-centered therapy D. Exposure therapy E. Aversive conditioning

psychoanalysis

José's doctor has prescribed antipsychotic medication for him. José is most likely to be diagnosed as having which of the following disorders? A. Obsessive-compulsive B. Generalized anxiety C. Somatic symptom D. Schizophrenia E. Specific phobia

schizophrenia

The results depicted in the graph above support which of the following perspectives on the origins of abnormal behavior? A. Biomedical B. Sociocultural C. Humanistic D. Psychoanalytic E. Behavioral

sociocultural

Alan is sure something is wrong with him, even though his doctor has not found any physiological basis for his complaints. He returns to the doctor every few weeks to report symptoms of new illnesses based on information he reads. Alan is most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following types of disorders? A. Mood B. Anxiety C. Dissociative D. Somatoform E. Personality

somatoform

Which of the following behavior-therapy techniques is typically used to reduce fear of heights? A. Time-out B. Punishment C. Discrimination learning D. Token economy E. Systematic desensitization

systematic desensitization

During a therapy session, a client acts very angry toward the therapist, just as she acts toward her mother. A psychoanalytically oriented therapist would say the client's behavior is an example of A. resistance B. transference C. countertransference D. catharsis E. reaction formation

tranference

Which of the following techniques will a person-centered therapist most likely use? A. Systematic desensitization B. Free association C. Unconditional positive regard D. Dream analysis E. Rational-emotive behavior therapy

unconditional positive regard

Rational-emotive behavior therapy assumes that abnormal functioning results from which of the following? A. Repression of unpleasant emotions B. Malfunctions of the body C. Unconscious conflict D. Inadequate reinforcement E. Unreasonable beliefs or assumptions

ureasonable beliefs or assumptions