Psychology 101 Launchpad - Psychological Disorders
Approximately _____% of the population will be diagnosed with bipolar disorder at some point
1
To qualify as disordered, obsessions or compulsions must be disabling and consume at least _____ hour(s) each day
1
The DSM-5 identifies _____ personality disorders
10
The DSM-5 lists about _____ disorders
150
Chase's father has been diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Kelvin has no family members with the disorder. Chase's risk of developing obsessive-compulsive disorder is _____ times that of Kelvin's.
2
The heritability of panic disorder is approximately _____%.
40-48
About _____% of Americans will exhibit symptoms that meet the criteria of a psychological disorder at some point
50
About _____% of adults have thought seriously about suicide
9
Which choice BEST expresses the proportion of women who experience depression surrounding the birth of a child?
A small minority
Compulsion is to _____ as _____ is to thought.
Action, Obsession
Connie is overwhelmed with fear whenever she must leave the house. She is especially afraid when she uses the subway or goes grocery shopping. She rarely goes out of her own home unless someone she trusts accompanies her. Connie's case illustrates
Agoraphobia
Dragana cannot remember long periods of her life as a young woman in war-torn Bosnia. Dragana's case illustrates dissociative
Amnesia
Irregular processing in the brain's _____ appears associated with major depressive disorder
Amygdala
Research indicates that people with panic disorder may have irregularities in the size and/or shape of their
Amygdala
A person who regularly engages in criminal behaviors is probably MOST likely to be diagnosed with _____ personality disorder.
Antisocial
Which personality disorder has received the MOST research attention
Antisocial
Agoraphobia is an example of a(n) _____ disorder.
Anxiety
The overall approach of the DSM-5 is BEST described as
Atheoretical
The MOST common hallucinations in schizophrenia are
Auditory
One brain area potentially involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder is the
Basal Ganglia
Anorexia nervosa is NOT associated with
Binge Eating
Maddie binge eats. However, she neither purges nor engages in excessive exercise. Maddie may have
Binge-Eating Disorder
The causes of psychological abnormality are complex. The view that MOST explicitly recognizes this fact is the _____ perspective.
Biopsychological
The diathesis-stress model adopts a _____ view of the etiology of schizophrenia
Biopsychological
Which disorder is NOT one of the anxiety disorders listed in DSM-5?
Bipolar Disorder
Hypomania is symptomatic of _____ disorder
Bipolar II
Which environmental factor is associated with borderline personality disorder?
Childhood Trauma
Dr. Rourke's teaching and research interests lie in abnormal psychology. Of the various areas of specialty, Dr. Rourke was MOST likely trained in _____ psychology
Clinical
Russell has been diagnosed with both bipolar disorder and a substance use disorder. Russell's case illustrates
Comorbidity
The word "_____" is used to denote the simultaneous occurrence of two or more psychological disorders
Comorbidity
Stan is focused on cleaning his home, which he does for several hours each day. In particular, the fringe on his rugs must be straight on both sides in all five rooms. This takes considerable time, and Stan often repeats his rug-straightening behavior 10 to 12 times each day. This behavior is an example of a(n)
Compulsion
When he leaves the house, Josh locks, unlocks, and relocks each window and each door exactly three times. Josh's behavior exemplifies a(n)
Compulsion
_____ is to _____ as cognition is to perception
Delusion/Hallucination
The "3 Ds" of psychological abnormality do NOT include:
Depression
A disruption in unified psychological functions is called a
Dissociation
An individual displays two or more distinct personalities in _____ disorder
Dissociative identity
Max is troubled by his intrusive, obsessive thoughts and frustrated by his behavioral compulsions. Moreover, his behavioral compulsions are interfering with work. His boss has become frustrated with the frequency with which Max is late in completing projects, and Max is in danger of losing his job. Max's case illustrates the _____ associated with psychological abnormality.
Dysfunction
A delusion is a
False belief maintained in the face contradictory evidence
Excessive worry, muscle tension and restlessness often accompany
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Which neurotransmitter is NOT closely associated with major depressive disorder?
Glutamate
Irene hears voices inside her head. She believes they are the voices of NSA officials attempting to monitor and record her thoughts. These two sentences illustrate a _____ and a _____, respectively
Hallucination, Delusion
Trudy has been diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder. This means that she is
Highly emotional and wanting attention
Which statement BEST describes the relationship between hypomania and mania?
Hypomania is less severe than is mania
Which disorder, diagnosed in the 1800s, was believed to be caused by a woman experiencing "wandering movements of the womb"?
Hysteria
A cultural disorder that is marked by a man fearing that his genitals are disappearing into his abdomen is known as
Koro
A cultural disorder that is marked by a man fearing that his genitals are disappearing into his abdomen is known as:
Koro
Susto is a disorder seen in:
Latino Populations
Sam has gained weight lately. He feels hopeless and takes little pleasure in the activities he once enjoyed. Sam may be suffering from
Major Depression
A common psychological disorder among people who commit suicide is _____ disorder
Major Depressive
Changes in weight or appetite, feelings of guilt, and a lack of energy are symptomatic of _____ disorder
Major Depressive
Zane has been feeling low for the past month or so. He has little energy and difficulty concentrating. He has gained nearly 10 pounds and sleeps 10 to 11 hours each night. Zane may be diagnosed with _____ disorder.
Major Depressive
Recall the 3 Ds of psychological abnormality. Distress refers to the degree to which one's behaviors or emotions
Make an individual uncomfortable or upset
Abusing alcohol is against one's best interests, as it can lead to very negative consequences in a number of areas. Alcohol abuse is therefore considered
Maladaptive
Restless activity at school or work is one symptom of
Mania
Restless activity at school or work is one symptom of:
Mania
Bipolar I disorder is to bipolar II disorder as _____ is to _____
Mania, Hypomania
Merrill feels elated and invincible; he seems to have boundless energy. Merrill may be in a _____ state
Manic
One criticism of the _____ model of psychological abnormality is that it fails to recognize how concepts of abnormality vary across history and across cultures
Medical
One criticism of the _____ model of psychological abnormality is that it fails to recognize how concepts of abnormality vary across history and across cultures.
Medical
The hallmark of _____ personality disorder is an exaggerated sense of self-importance.
Narcissistic
A researcher might hypothesize a _____ correlation between total brain volume and the severity of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia.
Negative
Elise has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She has recently demonstrated significant social withdrawal symptoms. This is a _____ symptom of schizophrenia
Negative
Since they provide relief from intrusive, unwanted obsessions, compulsions are maintained by
Negative Reinforcement
Brady has schizophrenia. He seems to have no interests and lacks the desire to do anything. He takes little pleasure in any activity. Brady's absence of normal behavior exemplifies the _____ typical of schizophrenia.
Negative Symptoms
With respect to schizophrenia, a lack of motivation is to _____ symptoms as abnormal perceptions or thoughts is to _____ symptoms
Negative, Positive
In the cases in which it is used, the insanity defense is _____ successful.
Not usually
Pablo is a bona fide "control freak." Everything in his life must be "just right" and "by the book." Pablo may be diagnosed with _____ personality disorder.
Obsessive-Complusive
Aidan is sweating and nauseous. His heart is racing, and he feels as if he might die. Aidan is suffering from
Panic Disorder
The symptoms of _____ resemble those of a heart attack
Panic Disorder
Noreen has been feeling depressed most of the time for the past several years. On this basis, she may be diagnosed with _____ disorder
Persistent Depressive
The LEAST common depressive disorder is _____ disorder.
Persistent Depressive
Enduring, rigid, and disabling patterns of unusual behavior are characteristic of _____ disorders.
Personality
Potential environmental contributors to schizophrenia do NOT include:
Poor Parenting
Generalized anxiety disorder is a collection of distressing and disabling cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. It causes significant distress to its sufferers, and tends to impair functioning in various areas of their lives. Therefore, it is a _____ disorder.
Psychological
_____ activity of the neurotransmitter _____ seems to play a role in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Reduced, Serotonin
The case of the Genain quadruplets sheds light on the etiology of
Schizophrenia
With respect to the neurotransmitters associated with psychological disorders, _____ is to major depressive disorder as _____ is to schizophrenia.
Serotonin, Dopamine
Sally dreads making presentations at work; she feels intensely afraid that her coworkers are evaluating her negatively. She is also apprehensive when she visits restaurants because she believes the other diners are scrutinizing her. Sally seems to suffer from:
Social Anxiety Disorder
Randy has an intense, irrational fear of dogs. Randy might be diagnosed with:
Specific Phobia
The MOST prevalent anxiety disorder is
Specific phobia
Rosenhan's landmark study in the 1970s illustrated the
The power of diagnostic labels
The prevalence of bipolar disorder in high-income nations is _____ that of its prevalence in low-income countries
Twice
Aaron Beck is to _____ as _____ is to learned helplessness.
cognitive triad; Martin Seligman
The positive symptoms of schizophrenia do NOT include
diminished speech or speech content
Dissociative disorders entail:
disturbances in memory, consciousness, identity, perception, or motor control.
Antisocial personality disorder is:
more common among men than among women
An obsession is a
repeated, intrusive thought, urge, or image
