Psychology ch 13

Melody has a sick child at home. Her employer allows her to ______ for a week, so she can work from home, set her on hours, and complete most of her work while caring for her child

Telecommute

An organizational psychologist studies ______

Worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment

Which of the following exemplifies a worker-oriented approach to job analysis?

Works well under pressure and in group situations

Design teams for car manufactures create new vehicle models. What type of team does this exemplify?

Creative

What is the APA?

A professional association in the YS for clinical and research psychologists

Which of the following exemplifies a task-oriented approach to job analysis?

Driver who can operate a forklift in small spaces, drive a cement- mixer, and handle explosive material

Which topic was not included in Hugo munsterbergs psychology and industrial efficiency?

Employee termination

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is responsible for ______.

Enforcing federal laws making it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant

In Europe, what is human factors psychology called?

Ergonomics

Managers at S-Mart routinely expect their employees to volunteer hours at the local veterans center. The organization supports this practice since it shows commitment, empathy, and compassion, all things that S-Mart endorses as part of its company missions. This represents the ______ aspect of organizational culture.

Espoused values

When did the discipline of industrial-organizational psychology emerge?

20th century

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In human factors psychology, the area of cognitive engineering includes the study of vigilance and monitoring, recognizing signals in noise, mental resources, and divided attention.

The phrase "cognitive engineering " should be changed to the word "attention"

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Research has suggested that the workload factor, which includes variety, difficulty level, and role clarity of the job, is the most predictive factor of overall job satisfaction.

The word "workplace" should be changed to the phrase "work-content"

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Using time and motion studies, Lillian and frank gilbreth tried to make workers more efficient by reducing the number of people required to perform a task.

The word people to motions

Sex has been determined as a bona fide occupational qualification (BFQO) for

Guards in male prisons

Which of the following statements about Kurt Lewis is false?

He was president of the APA in 1917

Why were unions critical of Frederick Taylor's work on scientific management?

His approach depended on managers determining productivity rather than workers

In 1966, Lillian gilbreth received the ______ from the American society of civil engineers?

Hoover medal

The United States department of labor maintains a database of previously compiled job analyses for different jobs and occupations. What is the database called?

O*Net

What are the 2012 estimated annual earnings for someone with a doctorate specializing in industrial-organizational psychology?

Over 110,000

Which of the following industrial psychologist was president of the American psychological association at the beginning of WWI

Robert yerkes

A police or FBI SWAT team handling a hostage situation exemplifies a _____ team.

Tactical

Rosetta is a master electrician. Often, she is the only woman at the construction site. Her male coworkers frequently make sexual comments about her appearance. She complains to the site manager, but he tells her to toughen up. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?

hostile environment

Industrial-organizational psychology is a branch of psychology that studies

how human behavior and psychology affect work and how they are affected by work

_____ psychology is the study of how workers interact with the tools of work and how to design those tools to optimize workers productivity, safety, and health

human factors

Diana is assessing applicants for a pilot job at a regional airfield. She wrote the description of the ideal candidate, and now she is reviewing the personality profiles of the applicants to screen those who do not fit the profile. Diana is working in the specialty area of industrial-organizational psychology called ________ psychology.

industrial

Which of the following is not an example of legislation prohibiting employment discrimination?

Title IX of the education ammendments

Hershel is a strict, goal-oriented manager. When his team achieves their daily productivity goals he rewards them with long lunches and bonus pay. When his team falls behind, he extends the work day by an hour and cuts lunch by fifteen minutes. What type of leader is Hershel?

Transactional

What caused industrial psychologists to begin working with the military?

US entry into WWI

Different personality types use different forms of impression management during job interviews. For example, extroverts use ______

Verbal self promotion

What kind of team is formed when groups of geographically disparate people come together using digital communications technology?

Virtual

Which term describes the degree to which individuals enjoy their job?

job satisfaction

What is job analysis?

describing the task accurately

What is performance appraisal?

evaluating an employee's success at performing the duties of the job

Transactional leaders do not

focus on worker input regarding assigned goals

Lucia is optimistic about goal achievement, and she encourages her team to think critically and solve problems. She is also considerate of their needs. What type of leader is Lucia?

transformational

Which of the following is a good example of workplace violent?

Eduardo verbally abuses his assistant

Halima is excellent at organizing events, but she is weak in delivering the opening address. She decides to focus on what she is good at and delegate the opening address to her immediate subordinate who excels has n public speaking. Halima is practicing

Strengths-based management

What was the main idea behind Fredrick Taylor's work on the specific approach to management?

If one could redesign the workplace there would be an increase in both company output and worker wages

_____ are the symbols, language (jargon, slabs, and humor), narratives (stories and legends), and practices (rituals) that represent the underlying cultural assumptions an an organizational culture.

Observable artifacts

Robert yerkes, who lived from _____ to ____, was a pioneer in the area of industrial psychology?

1876-1956

Which of the following exemplifies the Hawthorne effect?

Cancer patients volunteer for an experimental treatment and report improved mood to the researchers during the first few days of the treatment.

Who wrote psychology and industrial efficiency?

Hugo munsterberg

Ted conducts a study regarding how walking on a treadmill instead of sitting at a desk impacts worker productivity. Ted's study is within the industrial-organizational specialty area of ________ psychology.

Human factors

What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study what steps people take to successfully wash their hands before performing surgery?

Task analysis

What did the researchers, who identified the Hawthorne effect, see as evidence that employee performance was influenced by something other than the physical work conditions?

Any change on a variable, such as lighting levels, led to an improvement in productivity; this is true even when the change was negative, such as a return to poor lighting.

What is the primary contribution of Walter dill Scott to industrial-organizational psychology? He was one of the first psychologists to _____

Apply psychology to ads, management, and personnel selection

Industrial-organizational psychologists work in four main contexts: academia, government, consulting, and

Business

Where did the study that identified the Hawthorne effect take place?

Chicago

What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study when and how people decide to respond to engine failure during flight?

Cognitive task analysis

Which of the following is a frequent trigger for workplace violence?

Feeling of being treated unfairly, unjustly, or disrespectfully

Which form of mentor-protege relationship is the rarest?

Female male

Who wrote the principles of scientific management

Frederick Taylor

What does research suggest about gender diversity and team productivity

Gender-balanced teams performed better, as measured by sales and profits, than predominantly male teams.

Which of the following is not a reason that mentoring is particularly important to the career success of women?

It provides a male authority figure for women

Which concept describes traits that are fundamental to one's personal identity (e.g., skin color and hair texture) that an employer cannot use to discriminate in hiring?

Immutable characteristic

______ psychology is specifically concerned with describing job requirements and assessing individuals for their ability to meet those requirements.

Industrial

According to research, what kind of job interview is most successful at predicting job performance?

Interviews that are structured

Which of the following is true regarding the accuracy and reliability of a job analysis?

It can depend on the nature of the descriptions and the source for the job analyst

Who founded the psychological consulting firm called psychological corporation?

James Cattell

According to the research of Lillian gilbreth, many employees were motivated by money and ______

Job satisfaction

Work overload, harassment, and bullying can all lead to

Job stress

In job specification, what does the acronym KSA stand for?

Knowledge, skills, abilities

Who wrote the psychology of management: the function of the mind in determining, teaching, and installing methods of least waste?

Lillian Gilbreth

Which of the following is a disadvantage of strengths-based management?

Managers neglect improving their weaknesses and overusing their strengths

Why is age a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) for airline pilots?

Mandatory retirement ages exist for safety reasons

Which term describes a form of informal training in which an experienced employee guides the work of a new employee?

Mentoring

Transformational leaders are not

Revolutionary

The diagnostic teams at the centers for disease control exemplify a ______ team.

Problem resolution

Lillian Gilbreth, a psychologist who conducted early research in the area of industrial psychology, conducted her research at _____ university.

Purdue

Claudia is told by her psychology professor that if she wants to receive a good grade on her final exam, she will need to come to his house for dinner and private tutoring. Claudia suspects her professor maybe be sexually harassing her. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?

Quid pro quo

What is the most common reason for invoking a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) as a defense against an employer accused of discrimination?

Sex

As a result of its interest in working well-being and relationships, organizational psychology includes the study of

Sexual harrassment

Which of the following statements about Lillian gilbreth is false?

She attended Dartmouth university

Several influential early psychologists studied issues that today would be categorized as industrial psychology, including James cattell, Hugo Münsterberg, and Walter dill Scott, who were all students of ____

Wilhelm wundt

What has research found to be the primary difference between male and female leadership style?

Women tend to practice an interpersonal style and men practice a task-oriented style

Carlos is a small Business owner. Recently, he became the primary care taker for his aging mother. He works long hours at his business while also making sure that his mother can keep her medical appointments and has Company in the evening. This exemplifies

Work-family balance

A unique feature of industrial psychology is that it

considers issues of legality regarding discrimination in hiring

Which specialty area within industrial-organizational psychology might involve a study of workers who commit violence in their workplace?

organizational

______ psychology is a discipline interested in how relationships among employees affect those employees and the performance of a business

organizational