Psychology Chapter 1
The approach to psychology that focuses on the purpose of behavior is known as
Functionalism
Which of the following is the best example of a researcher combining different psychological perspectives?
A social psychologist develops a theory of how peer pressure operates using behavioral and genetic data.
A cognitive psychologist is studying how short-term memory works. How might a biological psychologist be able to contribute to this research project?
By describing how the brain processes information in short-term memory
How does a clinical or counseling track of graduate psychology school differ from non-clinical areas in psychology?
Clinicians must go through an internship and supervised training process.
Cognitive neuroscientists study brain and behavior, combining which two perspectives on psychology?
Cognitive and biological
How do behaviorism and cognitive psychology differ?
Cognitive psychology studies and theorizes on internal mental states; behaviorism does not.
Skinner studied the behavior of rats and pigeons, and did not speculate or theorize about internal mental states. He disregarded mental states because
He did not believe mental states could be objectively studied.
Which of the following research topics would a developmental psychologist most likely be interested in?
How people respond to a memory task when in a group versus as an individual
Which of the following is a cognitive psychologist most likely to study?
How quickly people can learn a sequence of numbers and respond to them
The psychological model and the physical model are two views of psychological disorders. What is the best description of how these models are used in current practice?
Most modern psychologists consider both models, depending on the context.
Psychology developed from which two disciplines?
Philosophy and natural sciences
An empiricist philosopher who believed the mind was a "blank slate" would most likely believe what about mental illnesses?
That they were the result of negative experiences during childhood
defining feature of behaviorism in psychology
a focus on observable behavior, rather than internal mental states.
Humanistic psychology
a school of thought in which people are viewed as inherently good.
In understanding the history of psychology, functionalism is critically important because
all contemporary psychologists are functionalists
The psychology perspective focusing on the physical mechanisms underlying behavior is
biological psychology.
Your friend visits a therapist who encourages them to participate actively in their therapy sessions and focus on things that are going right in their lives. This therapist is most likely engaging in
client-centered therapy
Most behaviorists performed research on animals but not humans. This is because
evolutionary theory suggests parallels between human and animal behavior.
Your friend is entering a doctoral program in psychology. One of her first steps will likely be to
identify one of the five psychological perspectives to focus on.
Wundt and Titchener viewed the mind as a hierarchy, with overall perception arising out of the combination of many other sensations. This view is known as
structuralism
