Psychology Chapter 10 Study Guide
Which is the best illustration of the superego?
You feel guilty because you cheated on a test
The Electra complex involves
a girl longing for her father and resenting her mother
Fred is overweight and continually overeats. He abuses alcohol,smokes and bites his nails. Fred would theorize that these behaviors are likely the result of
an oral fixation
According to Alfred Adler, it is the ________, the self-aware aspect of personality, that strives to overcome obstacles and develop the person's potential.
archetype
According to Jung, primitive images contained in the collective unconscious are called
archetypes
Freud's concept of the conscious is to _______ as the unconscious is to _________.
awareness; non-awareness
When is the id first present?
birth
A major criticism of the social cognitive theory is that they
can't explain trait development and self awareness
Marisa is three months old and always chews her rattle. She is in the _________ stage.
oral
Excessive verbal behavior may be an indication of an
oral fixation
Which of the following represents the correct development sequence of Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages of development?
oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
Repression of sexual urges and identification with the same sex parent are the means for resolving the _____ stage of psychosexual development.
phallic
The Oedipus complex occurs during the __________ stage.
phallic
What is the collective unconscious of analytical psychology made up of?
primitive images
Karissa meets with her therapist on a regular basis. During the sessions, she is prodded to talk about anything that pops into her mind while she remains comfortable and relaxed. Karissa is most likely experiencing
psychoanalysis
Which theories emphasize unconscious motives and inner conflicts?
psychoanalytic
According to the _____________ theories, the personality is characterized by a dynamic struggle or conflict.
psychodynamic
Sigmund Freud was the first to develop a ____________ theory of personality.
psychodynamic
Behaviorism is to ____________ as social cognitive theory is to __________.
reinforcement histories; expectancies
The old advertisement for the U.S. Army that encouraged us to "Be all that you can be" by joining the armed forces illustrates which of the following psychological concepts?
self-actualization
According to Freud, drives such as _________ and _________ come into conflict with laws, social rules and moral codes.
sex; aggression
Karens Horney's views differed from those of Sigmund Freud in that she believed
sexual impulses are less important than social relationships in childhood
Casey says she feels bad because she broke her mother's vase. This feeling is most consistent with the ego.
superego
The psychic structure that incorporates the moral standards and values of parents and develops throughout early childhood is known as the
superego
Values of right and wrong are contained in your
superego
Which psychic structure is motivating behavior when you decide to stay home and study for a test, rather than go to a party you would really like to attend?
superego
Priscilla is psychologist. When she says that someone has a "personality", what is she referring to?
the person's stable pattern of emotions, motives, and behavior.
Thoughts that are completely hidden from our awareness would, according to Freud, be contained in our ________ mind.
unconscious
Which best illustrates a child in the phallic stage of psychosexual development?
Billy acts out to get his mother's attention whenever she is alone with his father.
Which of the following demonstrates the "creative self" as described by Adler?
Diane knows she is not athletic but works hard to develop her intellect
Which of the following is the best example of a possible source of an inferiority complex?
Eric was much shorter than his peers
Which best illustrates the concept of a defense mechanism?
Laurie cannot remember being raped
Which is an illustration of the defense mechanism "repression"?
Mary witnessed the death of her child but cannot remember it
Which best illustrates anal-retentive traits?
Suzanne keeps neat records of her purchases
Sherry is thinking about her trip to the store yesterday. This memory is in her ______ mind.
conscious
Which best characterizes the anal stage of development?
deriving enjoyment from control or elimination of feces
Impulses and desires are kept from awareness primarily by the
ego
Which is an example of a "psychic structure"?
ego
Which psychic structure motivates a hungry infant to suck his/her thumb while waiting for a bottle to be prepared?
ego
A fixation can occur during a psychosexual stage of development if there is
either too little or too much gratification
Which is consistent with the ego?
filling out an application for a desired job
Identification with the same sex parent leads to _________, according to Freud.
gender-typing
The final stage of psychosexual development is the _____stage.
genital
Frank tends to drive recklessly because he enjoys it. He has received several traffic tickets and has even been in car accidents. Freud would likely say that Frank's actions are based upon which psychic structure?
id
Which psychic structure is motivating behavior when you are on a diet but eat a piece of chocolate cake anyway?
id
