Psychology Chapter 10 Study Guide

Which is the best illustration of the superego?

You feel guilty because you cheated on a test

The Electra complex involves

a girl longing for her father and resenting her mother

Fred is overweight and continually overeats. He abuses alcohol,smokes and bites his nails. Fred would theorize that these behaviors are likely the result of

an oral fixation

According to Alfred Adler, it is the ________, the self-aware aspect of personality, that strives to overcome obstacles and develop the person's potential.

archetype

According to Jung, primitive images contained in the collective unconscious are called

archetypes

Freud's concept of the conscious is to _______ as the unconscious is to _________.

awareness; non-awareness

When is the id first present?

birth

A major criticism of the social cognitive theory is that they

can't explain trait development and self awareness

Marisa is three months old and always chews her rattle. She is in the _________ stage.

oral

Excessive verbal behavior may be an indication of an

oral fixation

Which of the following represents the correct development sequence of Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages of development?

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Repression of sexual urges and identification with the same sex parent are the means for resolving the _____ stage of psychosexual development.

phallic

The Oedipus complex occurs during the __________ stage.

phallic

What is the collective unconscious of analytical psychology made up of?

primitive images

Karissa meets with her therapist on a regular basis. During the sessions, she is prodded to talk about anything that pops into her mind while she remains comfortable and relaxed. Karissa is most likely experiencing

psychoanalysis

Which theories emphasize unconscious motives and inner conflicts?

psychoanalytic

According to the _____________ theories, the personality is characterized by a dynamic struggle or conflict.

psychodynamic

Sigmund Freud was the first to develop a ____________ theory of personality.

psychodynamic

Behaviorism is to ____________ as social cognitive theory is to __________.

reinforcement histories; expectancies

The old advertisement for the U.S. Army that encouraged us to "Be all that you can be" by joining the armed forces illustrates which of the following psychological concepts?

self-actualization

According to Freud, drives such as _________ and _________ come into conflict with laws, social rules and moral codes.

sex; aggression

Karens Horney's views differed from those of Sigmund Freud in that she believed

sexual impulses are less important than social relationships in childhood

Casey says she feels bad because she broke her mother's vase. This feeling is most consistent with the ego.

superego

The psychic structure that incorporates the moral standards and values of parents and develops throughout early childhood is known as the

superego

Values of right and wrong are contained in your

superego

Which psychic structure is motivating behavior when you decide to stay home and study for a test, rather than go to a party you would really like to attend?

superego

Priscilla is psychologist. When she says that someone has a "personality", what is she referring to?

the person's stable pattern of emotions, motives, and behavior.

Thoughts that are completely hidden from our awareness would, according to Freud, be contained in our ________ mind.

unconscious

Which best illustrates a child in the phallic stage of psychosexual development?

Billy acts out to get his mother's attention whenever she is alone with his father.

Which of the following demonstrates the "creative self" as described by Adler?

Diane knows she is not athletic but works hard to develop her intellect

Which of the following is the best example of a possible source of an inferiority complex?

Eric was much shorter than his peers

Which best illustrates the concept of a defense mechanism?

Laurie cannot remember being raped

Which is an illustration of the defense mechanism "repression"?

Mary witnessed the death of her child but cannot remember it

Which best illustrates anal-retentive traits?

Suzanne keeps neat records of her purchases

Sherry is thinking about her trip to the store yesterday. This memory is in her ______ mind.

conscious

Which best characterizes the anal stage of development?

deriving enjoyment from control or elimination of feces

Impulses and desires are kept from awareness primarily by the

ego

Which is an example of a "psychic structure"?

ego

Which psychic structure motivates a hungry infant to suck his/her thumb while waiting for a bottle to be prepared?

ego

A fixation can occur during a psychosexual stage of development if there is

either too little or too much gratification

Which is consistent with the ego?

filling out an application for a desired job

Identification with the same sex parent leads to _________, according to Freud.

gender-typing

The final stage of psychosexual development is the _____stage.

genital

Frank tends to drive recklessly because he enjoys it. He has received several traffic tickets and has even been in car accidents. Freud would likely say that Frank's actions are based upon which psychic structure?

id

Which psychic structure is motivating behavior when you are on a diet but eat a piece of chocolate cake anyway?

id