Psychology - Chapter 13

interpretation

in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight

resistance

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

transference

in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other emotions (such as love or hatred for a parent)

biomedical therapy

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology

What are three benefits of psychotherapy?

1) hope for demoralized people 2) a new perspective of oneself 3) am empathetic, trusting, caring relationship

psychoanalysis

Freud's therapeutic technique patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the therapist's interpretation of them - released previously repressed feelings allowing the patient to gain self-insight

What three things did Carl Rogers encourage therapists to exhibit?

genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

psychodynamic therapy

a Freud-influenced perspective that sees behavior, thinking, and emotions in terms of unconscious behavior

counterconditioning

a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors (includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning)

unconditional positive regard

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help client's develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

client-centered therapy (person-centered therapy)

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to promote client's growth

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy

aversive conditioning

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior ex) nausea with drinking alcohol

systematic desensitization

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli. -commonly used to treat phobias

virtual therapy exposure therapy

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic stimulations of their greatest fears, such as flying or public speaking

eclectic approach

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapies

token economy

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for privileges or treats

exposure therapies

behavioral techniques that treat anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear or avoid

active listening

empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Roger's client-centered therapy

family therapy

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members

behavior therapy

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

cognitive therapy

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

psychotherapy

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties and achieve personal growth