Psychology - Chapter 13
interpretation
in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight
resistance
in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.
transference
in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other emotions (such as love or hatred for a parent)
biomedical therapy
prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology
What are three benefits of psychotherapy?
1) hope for demoralized people 2) a new perspective of oneself 3) am empathetic, trusting, caring relationship
psychoanalysis
Freud's therapeutic technique patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the therapist's interpretation of them - released previously repressed feelings allowing the patient to gain self-insight
What three things did Carl Rogers encourage therapists to exhibit?
genuineness, acceptance, and empathy
psychodynamic therapy
a Freud-influenced perspective that sees behavior, thinking, and emotions in terms of unconscious behavior
counterconditioning
a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors (includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning)
unconditional positive regard
a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help client's develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.
client-centered therapy (person-centered therapy)
a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to promote client's growth
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy
aversive conditioning
a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior ex) nausea with drinking alcohol
systematic desensitization
a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing, anxiety-triggering stimuli. -commonly used to treat phobias
virtual therapy exposure therapy
an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic stimulations of their greatest fears, such as flying or public speaking
eclectic approach
an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapies
token economy
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for privileges or treats
exposure therapies
behavioral techniques that treat anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear or avoid
active listening
empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Roger's client-centered therapy
family therapy
therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by or directed at other family members
behavior therapy
therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
cognitive therapy
therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions
psychotherapy
treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties and achieve personal growth